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Potential health effects of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in potable water supplies.
Med Hypotheses. 1978 Sep-Oct; 4(5):481-96.MH

Abstract

Chlorination of potable water supplies high in organics may yield carcinogenic compounds such as trihalomethanes. Chlorine dioxide has been proposed as an alternative disinfectant to chlorine. However, chlorine dioxide is a strong oxidant that forms significant amounts of chlorite when added to potable water supplies, and chlorite is similar to nitrite in its molecular structure and may be similar in its mechanism of methemoglobin production. Nitrites and chlorites are thought to act synergistically to produce MetHb. Neonates and persons with G-*-PD deficiency are likely to be unusually susceptible to MetHb formation from these compounds because their red cells lack the metabolic machinery to adequately protect against oxidant stress. Since male blacks represent the largest population in the U.S. to be G-6PD deficient, Black male neonates may represent the group at highest risk to the use of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in the nations water supplies.

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Publisher Full Text

Authors

Moore GS
No affiliation info available
Calabrese EJ
No affiliation info available
DiNardi SR
No affiliation info available
Tuthill RW
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAgingChild, PreschoolChloratesChlorineDisinfectantsGlucosephosphate Dehydrogenase DeficiencyHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMethemoglobinemiaNitratesNitritesOxidation-ReductionOxidesRiskWater Supply

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

753950

Citation

Moore, G S., et al. "Potential Health Effects of Chlorine Dioxide as a Disinfectant in Potable Water Supplies." Medical Hypotheses, vol. 4, no. 5, 1978, pp. 481-96.
Moore GS, Calabrese EJ, DiNardi SR, et al. Potential health effects of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in potable water supplies. Med Hypotheses. 1978;4(5):481-96.
Moore, G. S., Calabrese, E. J., DiNardi, S. R., & Tuthill, R. W. (1978). Potential health effects of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in potable water supplies. Medical Hypotheses, 4(5), 481-96.
Moore GS, et al. Potential Health Effects of Chlorine Dioxide as a Disinfectant in Potable Water Supplies. Med Hypotheses. 1978 Sep-Oct;4(5):481-96. PubMed PMID: 753950.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Potential health effects of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in potable water supplies. AU - Moore,G S, AU - Calabrese,E J, AU - DiNardi,S R, AU - Tuthill,R W, PY - 1978/9/1/pubmed PY - 1978/9/1/medline PY - 1978/9/1/entrez SP - 481 EP - 96 JF - Medical hypotheses JO - Med Hypotheses VL - 4 IS - 5 N2 - Chlorination of potable water supplies high in organics may yield carcinogenic compounds such as trihalomethanes. Chlorine dioxide has been proposed as an alternative disinfectant to chlorine. However, chlorine dioxide is a strong oxidant that forms significant amounts of chlorite when added to potable water supplies, and chlorite is similar to nitrite in its molecular structure and may be similar in its mechanism of methemoglobin production. Nitrites and chlorites are thought to act synergistically to produce MetHb. Neonates and persons with G-*-PD deficiency are likely to be unusually susceptible to MetHb formation from these compounds because their red cells lack the metabolic machinery to adequately protect against oxidant stress. Since male blacks represent the largest population in the U.S. to be G-6PD deficient, Black male neonates may represent the group at highest risk to the use of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant in the nations water supplies. SN - 0306-9877 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/753950/Potential_health_effects_of_chlorine_dioxide_as_a_disinfectant_in_potable_water_supplies_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0306-9877(78)90017-8 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -