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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) increases prolactin release and tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neuronal activity.
Brain Res. 1994 Aug 29; 655(1-2):17-24.BR

Abstract

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a hypothalamic peptide that affects anterior pituitary cell function. This study examined the effects of PACAP on prolactin (PRL) release in vivo and on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons in vivo and in vitro. In ovariectomized rats, intravenous injection of PACAP increased circulating PRL levels 3-fold and TH activity in the stalk-median eminence (SME) by 30%. Incubation of the SME with 1 microM PACAP in vitro increased TH activity 2-fold. Intravenous infusion of ovine PRL (oPRL) by an osmotic mini-pump for 2 days in ovariectomized rats increased TH activity in the SME 1.7-fold and reduced circulating concentrations of endogenous rat PRL to 20% of control levels. PACAP induced a 4-fold rise in endogenous rat PRL levels in oPRL-treated rats and a 30% increase in TH activity that was additive to the elevation caused by hyperprolactinemia. In suckled lactating rats, PACAP did not alter circulating PRL levels or TH activity in the SME. When pups were removed from the dams for 4-5 h, systemic injection of PACAP stimulated PRL release without altering TH activity. However, PACAP, when administered in vitro, stimulated TH activity in the SME of lactating rats separated from their pups. These data indicate that PACAP may play a role in augmenting PRL release in female rats. The PACAP-induced rise in PRL release is modest and not due to a decrease in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neuronal activity. PACAP increases TH activity in the tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons, possibly by a direct action on nerve terminals within the median eminence.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Arbogast LA
Department of Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7401.
Voogt JL
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsCells, CulturedDihydroxyphenylalanineDopamineFemaleHypothalamusLactationMedian EminenceNeostriatumNeuronsNeuropeptidesNeurotransmitter AgentsOvariectomyPituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating PolypeptideProlactinRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyTyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

7812770

Citation

Arbogast, L A., and J L. Voogt. "Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Increases Prolactin Release and Tuberoinfundibular Dopaminergic Neuronal Activity." Brain Research, vol. 655, no. 1-2, 1994, pp. 17-24.
Arbogast LA, Voogt JL. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) increases prolactin release and tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neuronal activity. Brain Res. 1994;655(1-2):17-24.
Arbogast, L. A., & Voogt, J. L. (1994). Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) increases prolactin release and tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neuronal activity. Brain Research, 655(1-2), 17-24.
Arbogast LA, Voogt JL. Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Increases Prolactin Release and Tuberoinfundibular Dopaminergic Neuronal Activity. Brain Res. 1994 Aug 29;655(1-2):17-24. PubMed PMID: 7812770.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) increases prolactin release and tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neuronal activity. AU - Arbogast,L A, AU - Voogt,J L, PY - 1994/8/29/pubmed PY - 1994/8/29/medline PY - 1994/8/29/entrez SP - 17 EP - 24 JF - Brain research JO - Brain Res VL - 655 IS - 1-2 N2 - Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a hypothalamic peptide that affects anterior pituitary cell function. This study examined the effects of PACAP on prolactin (PRL) release in vivo and on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons in vivo and in vitro. In ovariectomized rats, intravenous injection of PACAP increased circulating PRL levels 3-fold and TH activity in the stalk-median eminence (SME) by 30%. Incubation of the SME with 1 microM PACAP in vitro increased TH activity 2-fold. Intravenous infusion of ovine PRL (oPRL) by an osmotic mini-pump for 2 days in ovariectomized rats increased TH activity in the SME 1.7-fold and reduced circulating concentrations of endogenous rat PRL to 20% of control levels. PACAP induced a 4-fold rise in endogenous rat PRL levels in oPRL-treated rats and a 30% increase in TH activity that was additive to the elevation caused by hyperprolactinemia. In suckled lactating rats, PACAP did not alter circulating PRL levels or TH activity in the SME. When pups were removed from the dams for 4-5 h, systemic injection of PACAP stimulated PRL release without altering TH activity. However, PACAP, when administered in vitro, stimulated TH activity in the SME of lactating rats separated from their pups. These data indicate that PACAP may play a role in augmenting PRL release in female rats. The PACAP-induced rise in PRL release is modest and not due to a decrease in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neuronal activity. PACAP increases TH activity in the tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons, possibly by a direct action on nerve terminals within the median eminence. SN - 0006-8993 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/7812770/Pituitary_adenylate_cyclase_activating_polypeptide__PACAP__increases_prolactin_release_and_tuberoinfundibular_dopaminergic_neuronal_activity_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0006-8993(94)91592-X DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -
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