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Calcium reduces the increased fecal 1,2-sn-diacylglycerol content in intestinal bypass patients: a possible mechanism for altering colonic hyperproliferation.
Cancer Res. 1994 Mar 01; 54(5):1216-9.CR

Abstract

Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second messenger for protein kinase C, an enzyme with a key role in cellular signal transduction and growth control. In previous studies, it was demonstrated that DAG is produced by intestinal microflora. Bacterial DAG production is increased by bile acids and phospholipids, both of which may be precipitated by calcium. We have demonstrated that fecal total lipids, bile acids, and rectal epithelial proliferation are increased in intestinal bypass (IB) patients. Calcium was shown to alter fecal lipid composition and to reduce cell proliferation. In the present study, fecal DAG content and 14C-labeled DAG, 14C-phosphatidylcholine, and 14C-phosphatidylinositol metabolism were measured in 24-h stool collections in 15 stable IB patients before and after 3-month therapy with oral elemental calcium, 2.4 or 3.6 g/day. Fecal DAG concentration and output in IB patients were > 25- and > 200-fold greater than in normal controls. Oral calcium markedly reduced fecal DAG concentration and output and increased DAG, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylinositol metabolism without enhancing DAG production. We conclude that fecal DAG content is markedly elevated post-IB and that calcium supplementation in these patients reduces fecal DAG and accelerates bacterial metabolism of DAG and its precursors. In separate studies, we have found that calcium supplementation also decreases rectal hyperproliferation in IB patients. Taken together, these findings suggest that a high luminal level of DAG enhances colonic cell proliferation and that calcium reduces cell proliferation in part by decreasing the level of DAG.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Steinbach G
Department of Medicine, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, New York 10025.
Morotomi M
No affiliation info available
Nomoto K
No affiliation info available
Lupton J
No affiliation info available
Weinstein IB
No affiliation info available
Holt PR
No affiliation info available

MeSH

CalciumCell DivisionColonDiglyceridesFatty Acids, NonesterifiedFecesHumansIntestinal MucosaJejunoileal BypassObesityPhosphatidylcholinesRectum

Pub Type(s)

Clinical Trial
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

8118809

Citation

Steinbach, G, et al. "Calcium Reduces the Increased Fecal 1,2-sn-diacylglycerol Content in Intestinal Bypass Patients: a Possible Mechanism for Altering Colonic Hyperproliferation." Cancer Research, vol. 54, no. 5, 1994, pp. 1216-9.
Steinbach G, Morotomi M, Nomoto K, et al. Calcium reduces the increased fecal 1,2-sn-diacylglycerol content in intestinal bypass patients: a possible mechanism for altering colonic hyperproliferation. Cancer Res. 1994;54(5):1216-9.
Steinbach, G., Morotomi, M., Nomoto, K., Lupton, J., Weinstein, I. B., & Holt, P. R. (1994). Calcium reduces the increased fecal 1,2-sn-diacylglycerol content in intestinal bypass patients: a possible mechanism for altering colonic hyperproliferation. Cancer Research, 54(5), 1216-9.
Steinbach G, et al. Calcium Reduces the Increased Fecal 1,2-sn-diacylglycerol Content in Intestinal Bypass Patients: a Possible Mechanism for Altering Colonic Hyperproliferation. Cancer Res. 1994 Mar 1;54(5):1216-9. PubMed PMID: 8118809.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Calcium reduces the increased fecal 1,2-sn-diacylglycerol content in intestinal bypass patients: a possible mechanism for altering colonic hyperproliferation. AU - Steinbach,G, AU - Morotomi,M, AU - Nomoto,K, AU - Lupton,J, AU - Weinstein,I B, AU - Holt,P R, PY - 1994/3/1/pubmed PY - 1994/3/1/medline PY - 1994/3/1/entrez SP - 1216 EP - 9 JF - Cancer research JO - Cancer Res VL - 54 IS - 5 N2 - Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second messenger for protein kinase C, an enzyme with a key role in cellular signal transduction and growth control. In previous studies, it was demonstrated that DAG is produced by intestinal microflora. Bacterial DAG production is increased by bile acids and phospholipids, both of which may be precipitated by calcium. We have demonstrated that fecal total lipids, bile acids, and rectal epithelial proliferation are increased in intestinal bypass (IB) patients. Calcium was shown to alter fecal lipid composition and to reduce cell proliferation. In the present study, fecal DAG content and 14C-labeled DAG, 14C-phosphatidylcholine, and 14C-phosphatidylinositol metabolism were measured in 24-h stool collections in 15 stable IB patients before and after 3-month therapy with oral elemental calcium, 2.4 or 3.6 g/day. Fecal DAG concentration and output in IB patients were > 25- and > 200-fold greater than in normal controls. Oral calcium markedly reduced fecal DAG concentration and output and increased DAG, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylinositol metabolism without enhancing DAG production. We conclude that fecal DAG content is markedly elevated post-IB and that calcium supplementation in these patients reduces fecal DAG and accelerates bacterial metabolism of DAG and its precursors. In separate studies, we have found that calcium supplementation also decreases rectal hyperproliferation in IB patients. Taken together, these findings suggest that a high luminal level of DAG enhances colonic cell proliferation and that calcium reduces cell proliferation in part by decreasing the level of DAG. SN - 0008-5472 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/8118809/Calcium_reduces_the_increased_fecal_12_sn_diacylglycerol_content_in_intestinal_bypass_patients:_a_possible_mechanism_for_altering_colonic_hyperproliferation_ L2 - http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8118809 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -