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Barrier contraceptive use and HIV infection among high-risk women in Cameroon.
AIDS. 1993 May; 7(5):725-31.AIDS

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To measure the association between spermicide use and HIV infection, adjusting for condom use, and to measure the association between condom use and HIV infection, adjusting for spermicide use.

DESIGN

Prospective study of women using nonoxynol-9 (N-9) spermicides and latex condoms, with up to 12 monthly clinic visits for interviews, examinations and tests, and re-supply.

METHODS

A total of 273 HIV-negative women with multiple sexual partners were enrolled, given latex condoms and N-9 vaginal spermicidal suppositories, and advised to use both every time they had sexual intercourse. Participants recorded data on sexual activity on pictorial coital logs. New HIV infections were detected and confirmed by quarterly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blots, respectively.

RESULTS

Nineteen HIV infections occurred during mean follow-up of 8.1 months (an incidence rate of 10.4 infections per 100 women-years). The adjusted HIV rate ratio (RR) was 0.1 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-0.6] for more consistent compared with less consistent spermicide users; and 1.1 (95% CI, 0.4-2.9) for more consistent compared with less consistent condom users. Among the subgroup of experienced condom users, the RR for more versus less consistent condom use was 0.3.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first epidemiological evidence that N-9 spermicides can reduce the incidence of HIV infection. A more definitive randomized clinical trial is urgently needed.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Zekeng L
National AIDS Control Service, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Feldblum PJ
No affiliation info available
Oliver RM
No affiliation info available
Kaptue L
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultCameroonCohort StudiesCondomsFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMiddle AgedNonoxynolProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSex WorkSpermatocidal Agents

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

8391273

Citation

Zekeng, L, et al. "Barrier Contraceptive Use and HIV Infection Among High-risk Women in Cameroon." AIDS (London, England), vol. 7, no. 5, 1993, pp. 725-31.
Zekeng L, Feldblum PJ, Oliver RM, et al. Barrier contraceptive use and HIV infection among high-risk women in Cameroon. AIDS. 1993;7(5):725-31.
Zekeng, L., Feldblum, P. J., Oliver, R. M., & Kaptue, L. (1993). Barrier contraceptive use and HIV infection among high-risk women in Cameroon. AIDS (London, England), 7(5), 725-31.
Zekeng L, et al. Barrier Contraceptive Use and HIV Infection Among High-risk Women in Cameroon. AIDS. 1993;7(5):725-31. PubMed PMID: 8391273.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Barrier contraceptive use and HIV infection among high-risk women in Cameroon. AU - Zekeng,L, AU - Feldblum,P J, AU - Oliver,R M, AU - Kaptue,L, PY - 1993/5/1/pubmed PY - 1993/5/1/medline PY - 1993/5/1/entrez KW - Africa KW - Africa South Of The Sahara KW - Barrier Methods KW - Behavior KW - Cameroon KW - Condom KW - Contraception KW - Contraceptive Agents KW - Contraceptive Methods KW - Developing Countries KW - Diseases KW - Family Planning KW - French Speaking Africa KW - Hiv Infections--prevention and control KW - Middle Africa KW - Nonoxynol-9 KW - Prospective Studies KW - Prostitutes KW - Research Methodology KW - Sex Behavior KW - Spermicidal Contraceptive Agents KW - Studies KW - Vaginal Spermicides KW - Vaginal Suppository KW - Viral Diseases SP - 725 EP - 31 JF - AIDS (London, England) JO - AIDS VL - 7 IS - 5 N2 - OBJECTIVES: To measure the association between spermicide use and HIV infection, adjusting for condom use, and to measure the association between condom use and HIV infection, adjusting for spermicide use. DESIGN: Prospective study of women using nonoxynol-9 (N-9) spermicides and latex condoms, with up to 12 monthly clinic visits for interviews, examinations and tests, and re-supply. METHODS: A total of 273 HIV-negative women with multiple sexual partners were enrolled, given latex condoms and N-9 vaginal spermicidal suppositories, and advised to use both every time they had sexual intercourse. Participants recorded data on sexual activity on pictorial coital logs. New HIV infections were detected and confirmed by quarterly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blots, respectively. RESULTS: Nineteen HIV infections occurred during mean follow-up of 8.1 months (an incidence rate of 10.4 infections per 100 women-years). The adjusted HIV rate ratio (RR) was 0.1 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-0.6] for more consistent compared with less consistent spermicide users; and 1.1 (95% CI, 0.4-2.9) for more consistent compared with less consistent condom users. Among the subgroup of experienced condom users, the RR for more versus less consistent condom use was 0.3. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first epidemiological evidence that N-9 spermicides can reduce the incidence of HIV infection. A more definitive randomized clinical trial is urgently needed. SN - 0269-9370 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/8391273/Barrier_contraceptive_use_and_HIV_infection_among_high_risk_women_in_Cameroon_ L2 - http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=linkout&SEARCH=8391273.ui DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -