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Urbanization and the risk for chronic diseases of lifestyle in the black population of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa.
J Cardiovasc Risk. 1997 Apr; 4(2):135-42.JC

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Men and women have experienced differing patterns of urbanization. Men spent more time in the city as migrant labourers, which could be attributed to the influx control legislation during the apartheid years.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate urban exposure among black people of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa, in relation to unhealthy lifestyles and the risk factors for chronic diseases of lifestyle.

METHODS

Blood pressure, height, weight and serum cholesterol were measured in a random sample of 986 persons, aged 15-64 years. Sociodemographic details, urban exposure, dietary intake patterns and personal habits were elicited by questionnaire. An urbanization index (percentage of life spent in a city), the dietary Keys score and body mass index were calculated. Linear regression modelling for cholesterol and hypertension, and multiple correspondence analysis for risk factors and demographic characteristics were performed.

RESULTS

The degree of urbanization had no effect on total serum cholesterol concentrations, which were very low compared with other groups in South Africa. Hypertension was independently related to age, obesity and the degree of urbanization. Smoking patterns were influenced by the degree of urbanization in women only. Correspondence analysis identified groups with clusters of risk factors: formal housing-westernized diet-highly urbanized; male-normal weight-increased exercise-alcohol-smoking; female-obesity-non-smoking; and hypertension-ageing.

CONCLUSIONS

Those who spent larger proportions of their lives in an urban setting tended to have unhealthier lifestyles and higher risk for chronic diseases lifestyle compared with their less urbanized counterparts. Groups to whom intervention should be targeted were also identified.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Steyn K
Programme for Chronic Disease of Lifestyle, Medical Research Council, Parowvallei, South Africa.
Kazenellenbogen JM
No affiliation info available
Lombard CJ
No affiliation info available
Bourne LT
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAfrican AmericansAfrican Continental Ancestry GroupChronic DiseaseFemaleHealth BehaviorHumansLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSouth AfricaUrban Population

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

9304495

Citation

Steyn, K, et al. "Urbanization and the Risk for Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle in the Black Population of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa." Journal of Cardiovascular Risk, vol. 4, no. 2, 1997, pp. 135-42.
Steyn K, Kazenellenbogen JM, Lombard CJ, et al. Urbanization and the risk for chronic diseases of lifestyle in the black population of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1997;4(2):135-42.
Steyn, K., Kazenellenbogen, J. M., Lombard, C. J., & Bourne, L. T. (1997). Urbanization and the risk for chronic diseases of lifestyle in the black population of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. Journal of Cardiovascular Risk, 4(2), 135-42.
Steyn K, et al. Urbanization and the Risk for Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle in the Black Population of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1997;4(2):135-42. PubMed PMID: 9304495.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Urbanization and the risk for chronic diseases of lifestyle in the black population of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. AU - Steyn,K, AU - Kazenellenbogen,J M, AU - Lombard,C J, AU - Bourne,L T, PY - 1997/4/1/pubmed PY - 1997/9/26/medline PY - 1997/4/1/entrez SP - 135 EP - 42 JF - Journal of cardiovascular risk JO - J Cardiovasc Risk VL - 4 IS - 2 N2 - BACKGROUND: Men and women have experienced differing patterns of urbanization. Men spent more time in the city as migrant labourers, which could be attributed to the influx control legislation during the apartheid years. OBJECTIVE: To investigate urban exposure among black people of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa, in relation to unhealthy lifestyles and the risk factors for chronic diseases of lifestyle. METHODS: Blood pressure, height, weight and serum cholesterol were measured in a random sample of 986 persons, aged 15-64 years. Sociodemographic details, urban exposure, dietary intake patterns and personal habits were elicited by questionnaire. An urbanization index (percentage of life spent in a city), the dietary Keys score and body mass index were calculated. Linear regression modelling for cholesterol and hypertension, and multiple correspondence analysis for risk factors and demographic characteristics were performed. RESULTS: The degree of urbanization had no effect on total serum cholesterol concentrations, which were very low compared with other groups in South Africa. Hypertension was independently related to age, obesity and the degree of urbanization. Smoking patterns were influenced by the degree of urbanization in women only. Correspondence analysis identified groups with clusters of risk factors: formal housing-westernized diet-highly urbanized; male-normal weight-increased exercise-alcohol-smoking; female-obesity-non-smoking; and hypertension-ageing. CONCLUSIONS: Those who spent larger proportions of their lives in an urban setting tended to have unhealthier lifestyles and higher risk for chronic diseases lifestyle compared with their less urbanized counterparts. Groups to whom intervention should be targeted were also identified. SN - 1350-6277 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/9304495/Urbanization_and_the_risk_for_chronic_diseases_of_lifestyle_in_the_black_population_of_the_Cape_Peninsula_South_Africa_ L2 - http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=linkout&SEARCH=9304495.ui DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -