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Regulation of alcoholic fermentation in batch and chemostat cultures of Kluyveromyces lactis CBS 2359.
Yeast. 1998 Mar 30; 14(5):459-69.Y

Abstract

Kluyveromyces lactis is an important industrial yeast, as well as a popular laboratory model. There is currently no consensus in the literature on the physiology of this yeast, in particular with respect to aerobic alcoholic fermentation ('Crabtree effect'). This study deals with regulation of alcoholic fermentation in K. lactis CBS 2359, a proposed reference strain for molecular studies. In aerobic, glucose-limited chemostate cultures (D = 0.05-0.40 h-1) growth was entirely respiratory, without significant accumulation of ethanol or other metabolities. Alcoholic fermentation occurred in glucose-grown shake-flask cultures, but was absent during batch cultivation on glucose in fermenters under strictly aerobic conditions. This indicated that ethanol formation in the shake-flask cultures resulted from oxygen limitation. Indeed, when the oxygen feed to steady-state chemostat cultures (D = 0.10 h-1) was lowered, a mixed respirofermentative metabolism only occurred at very low dissolved oxygen concentrations (less than 1% of air saturation). The onset of respirofermentative metabolism as a result of oxygen limitation was accompanied by an increase of the levels of pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase. When aerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures (D = 0.10 h-1) were pulsed with excess glucose, ethanol production did not occur during the first 40 min after the pulse. However, a slow aerobic ethanol formation was invariably observed after this period. Since alcoholic fermentation did not occur in aerobic batch cultures this is probably a transient response, caused by an imbalanced adjustment of enzyme levels during the transition from steady-state growth at mu = 0.10 h to growth at mu max. It is concluded that in K. lactis, as in other Crabtree-negative yeasts, the primary environmental trigger for occurrence of alcoholic fermentation is oxygen limitation.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Kiers J
Department of Microbiology and Enzymology, Kluyver Laboratory of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
Zeeman AM
No affiliation info available
Luttik M
No affiliation info available
Thiele C
No affiliation info available
Castrillo JI
No affiliation info available
Steensma HY
No affiliation info available
van Dijken JP
No affiliation info available
Pronk JT
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AerobiosisAlcohol DehydrogenaseBiomassEthanolFermentationGlucoseKluyveromycesOxygen ConsumptionPyruvate Decarboxylase

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

9559553

Citation

Kiers, J, et al. "Regulation of Alcoholic Fermentation in Batch and Chemostat Cultures of Kluyveromyces Lactis CBS 2359." Yeast (Chichester, England), vol. 14, no. 5, 1998, pp. 459-69.
Kiers J, Zeeman AM, Luttik M, et al. Regulation of alcoholic fermentation in batch and chemostat cultures of Kluyveromyces lactis CBS 2359. Yeast. 1998;14(5):459-69.
Kiers, J., Zeeman, A. M., Luttik, M., Thiele, C., Castrillo, J. I., Steensma, H. Y., van Dijken, J. P., & Pronk, J. T. (1998). Regulation of alcoholic fermentation in batch and chemostat cultures of Kluyveromyces lactis CBS 2359. Yeast (Chichester, England), 14(5), 459-69.
Kiers J, et al. Regulation of Alcoholic Fermentation in Batch and Chemostat Cultures of Kluyveromyces Lactis CBS 2359. Yeast. 1998 Mar 30;14(5):459-69. PubMed PMID: 9559553.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of alcoholic fermentation in batch and chemostat cultures of Kluyveromyces lactis CBS 2359. AU - Kiers,J, AU - Zeeman,A M, AU - Luttik,M, AU - Thiele,C, AU - Castrillo,J I, AU - Steensma,H Y, AU - van Dijken,J P, AU - Pronk,J T, PY - 1998/4/29/pubmed PY - 2000/6/20/medline PY - 1998/4/29/entrez SP - 459 EP - 69 JF - Yeast (Chichester, England) JO - Yeast VL - 14 IS - 5 N2 - Kluyveromyces lactis is an important industrial yeast, as well as a popular laboratory model. There is currently no consensus in the literature on the physiology of this yeast, in particular with respect to aerobic alcoholic fermentation ('Crabtree effect'). This study deals with regulation of alcoholic fermentation in K. lactis CBS 2359, a proposed reference strain for molecular studies. In aerobic, glucose-limited chemostate cultures (D = 0.05-0.40 h-1) growth was entirely respiratory, without significant accumulation of ethanol or other metabolities. Alcoholic fermentation occurred in glucose-grown shake-flask cultures, but was absent during batch cultivation on glucose in fermenters under strictly aerobic conditions. This indicated that ethanol formation in the shake-flask cultures resulted from oxygen limitation. Indeed, when the oxygen feed to steady-state chemostat cultures (D = 0.10 h-1) was lowered, a mixed respirofermentative metabolism only occurred at very low dissolved oxygen concentrations (less than 1% of air saturation). The onset of respirofermentative metabolism as a result of oxygen limitation was accompanied by an increase of the levels of pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase. When aerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures (D = 0.10 h-1) were pulsed with excess glucose, ethanol production did not occur during the first 40 min after the pulse. However, a slow aerobic ethanol formation was invariably observed after this period. Since alcoholic fermentation did not occur in aerobic batch cultures this is probably a transient response, caused by an imbalanced adjustment of enzyme levels during the transition from steady-state growth at mu = 0.10 h to growth at mu max. It is concluded that in K. lactis, as in other Crabtree-negative yeasts, the primary environmental trigger for occurrence of alcoholic fermentation is oxygen limitation. SN - 0749-503X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/9559553/Regulation_of_alcoholic_fermentation_in_batch_and_chemostat_cultures_of_Kluyveromyces_lactis_CBS_2359_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19980330)14:5<459::AID-YEA248>3.0.CO;2-O DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -