- Timing of mortality in mothers with recurrent convictions for driving under the influence of alcohol and their children, from childbirth to child age 17. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 16; 221:108620.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Severe maternal AUD, as characterized by rDUI, increases the risk for child mortality over that of Controls through age 17. Delays in rDUI maternal mortality until child age 6 may indicate a period when maternal referral for intervention to reduce harm to child and mother is likely to be especially effective.
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- Sex differences in US emergency department non-fatal visits for benzodiazepine poisonings in adolescents and young adults. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 15; 221:108609.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: The high proportion of BZD poisonings that are intentional and include mental health disorder diagnoses, especially among young females, underscore the importance of ED mental health and suicide risk assessment with appropriate follow-up referral.
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- Racial/ethnic differences in prescription opioid misuse and heroin use among a national sample, 1999-2018. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 13; 221:108588.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: While heroin use has risen among all racial/ethnic groups, the demographics of heroin use have changed significantly in the past two decades such that prevalence is now highest among White individuals. Opioid prevention and treatment initiatives should both be informed by the changing demographics of heroin use and seek to reduce opioid-related harms and expand treatment access equitably for all racial/ethnic groups.
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- Associations of parental and peer cross-substance use with 12-17-year-old adolescents' problematic alcohol use: A parent-child dyadic gender analysis. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 15; 221:108611.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Both male and female adolescents' alcohol use was associated with their peer alcohol use, and gender differences were found in relation to their parental and peer substance use. Specifically, the parental role-modeling of smoking was only significant in mother-daughter dyads. These findings could inform multifaceted adolescent alcohol prevention programs, tailoring for males and females and also targeting their parental and peer substance use.
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- The most 100 cited papers in addiction research on cannabis, heroin, cocaine and psychostimulants. A bibliometric cross-sectional analysis. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 15; 221:108616.DA
- The number of citations a peer-reviewed article receives is often used as a measure of its importance and scientific impact. This paper identifies, describes and categorizes the highly cited papers in addiction research on cannabis, heroin, cocaine and psychostimulants. Highly cited papers were identified in the Web of Science Core Collection database. Several bibliometric indicators were calcula…
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- What is associated with the increased frequency of heavy episodic drinking during the COVID-19 pandemic? Data from the PAHO regional web-based survey. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 16; 221:108621.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Along with other measures to decrease the spread of COVID-19, it is important to include measures to reduce alcohol consumption and address mental health conditions in the national response to the pandemic.
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- The effects of substance use and physical activity on cognition: The impact of incongruent health behaviors. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 16; 221:108635.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Overall, PA enhanced two facets of cognitive functioning across six substances. However, these benefits are reduced in the context of frequency of substance use. The positive association between light-to-moderate PA and EF appears to be more sensitive in the context of frequent substance use than vigorous PA. Implications for public health messaging and PA as cognitive remediation treatment for substance use disorders are discussed.
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- Sex differences in circulating inflammatory mediators as a function of substance use disorder. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 15; 221:108610.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: These findings point to sex-specific inflammatory profiles as a function of SUD that may provide new targets for intervention.
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- Trends and characteristics of extra-medical use of quetiapine among people who regularly inject drugs in Australia, 2011-2018. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 17; 221:108636.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Slightly more than one in ten PWID reported extra-medical quetiapine use between 2011-2018. Overall, the frequency of extra-medical quetiapine use among PWID was low, however, individuals often engaged in polysubstance use that has the potential to cause other drug-related harms. Targeted harm-reduction interventions focused on polysubstance use are therefore warranted to reduce potential risks among this group.
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- Within- and between-person associations with drug use disorder among adolescents and emerging adults presenting to an urban emergency department. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 14; 221:108605.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: DUD is prevalent in this population, and within-person changes in DUD are predictable. Within-person effects suggest the importance of addressing escalating alcohol use, enhancing parental support, crime/violence exposure, and other mental health diagnoses as part of DUD intervention.
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- Discriminative stimulus effects of carfentanil in rats discriminating fentanyl: Differential antagonism by naltrexone. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 13; 221:108599.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Differences in the effectiveness of naltrexone to attenuate the discriminative stimulus effects of carfentanil, compared with fentanyl and heroin, suggest that there may be differences in how carfentanil exerts its discriminative stimulus effects compared with other opioids. Further evaluation is needed of potential pharmacological and behavioral differences between carfentanil and other opioids, particularly in the context of toxicity.
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- Associations between vaping and Covid-19: Cross-sectional findings from the HEBECO study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Among UK adults, self-reported diagnosed/suspected Covid-19 was not associated with vaping status. Half of current vapers changed their vaping consumption since Covid-19, with the majority reporting an increase, and a minority was motivated to quit due to Covid-19.
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- Comparative impact of methamphetamine and other drug use on viral suppression among sexual minority men on antiretroviral therapy. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 16; 221:108622.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Methamphetamine use, either alone or in combination with other drugs, is associated with failure of viral suppression among sexual minority men on ART independent of adherence and sociodemographic factors. This accounts for nearly half of the observed instances of unsuppressed viremia in this study.
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- Patterns of clinic switching and continuity of medication for opioid use disorder in a Medicaid-enrolled population. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 16; 221:108633.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Lack of prescriber continuity for receiving MOUD may not be problematic as it is for other conditions, insofar as it is related to overdose and PDC.
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- Alcohol and cigarette smoking consumption as genetic proxies for alcohol misuse and nicotine dependence. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 15; 221:108612.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that cigarette smoking consumption, which can be easily measured in the general population, may be good a genetic proxy for nicotine dependence, whereas alcohol consumption is not a direct genetic proxy of alcohol misuse.
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- Pharmacists' nonprescription syringe dispensing perceptions and behaviors: A three-state descriptive analysis. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 13; 221:108597.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in pharmacists' perceptions and behaviors were noted across state lines with North Carolina pharmacists reporting more engagement in syringe dispensing as compared to pharmacists in Tennessee and Virginia. Policy allowing pharmacists to dispense syringes to people who inject drugs appears to foster some but not all pharmacist engagement in this harm reduction intervention.
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- Piloting a brief intervention plus mobile boosters for drug use among emerging adults receiving emergency department care. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 16; 221:108625.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: This BI with booster messages was feasible and acceptable in the target population of emerging adults who use drugs (i.e., mostly cannabis). This intervention model, initiated during a healthcare visit and accompanied by a clinician-extender, should be tested in a future fully-powered trial.
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- Repeated morphine exposure activates synaptogenesis and other neuroplasticity-related gene networks in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex of male and female rats. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 13; 221:108598.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Our results cohere with findings from previous studies based on a priori gene selection. Our results also reveal novel genes and molecular pathways that are upregulated by repeated morphine exposure, with some common to males and females and others that are sex-specific.
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- Testing the effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide on cocaine self-administration and subjective responses in humans with cocaine use disorder. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 15; 221:108614.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: We did not find evidence that low dose exenatide alters cocaine self-administration or the subjective effects of cocaine in people with CUD. Limitations such as single acute rather than chronic pre-treatment, as well as evaluation of only one dose, preclude drawing firm conclusions about the efficacy of exenatide. Exenatide and cocaine independently reduced levels of GLP-1 and insulin, while cocaine also reduced levels of amylin.
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- Anabolic androgenic steroids, antisocial personality traits, aggression and violence. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 17; 221:108604.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: In summary, our study confirms a link between AAS use, aggression and violence in a weightlifting population. However, the association is foremost seen in AAS dependent users and it seems that antisocial personality traits are an important mediator.
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- Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) in individuals with opioid use disorder. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 16; 221:108632.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Albeit providing only limited support for the original 5-factor structure, our results indicate that the scale may be useful for screening individuals with OUD who have a vulnerability to stress. Consistent with prior studies, higher resilience was associated with lower depression symptoms and addiction severity, further demonstrating the CD-RISC-25 ability to predict psychiatric stability. To inform the development of more targeted interventions, future studies should examine resilience longitudinally, in addition to exploring more comprehensive approaches to measuring resilience.
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- Using ICD-10-CM codes to detect illicit substance use: A comparison with retrospective self-report. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Jan 20; 221:108537.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: ICD-10-CM codes had high specificity and low sensitivity for detecting self-reported substance use but were substantially more sensitive in detecting frequent use. ICD-10-CM codes to detect substance use, particularly those from emergency department visits, should be used with caution, but may be useful as a lower-bound population measure of substance use or for capturing frequent use among certain patient populations.
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- The role of stigma in U.S. primary care physicians' treatment of opioid use disorder. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 16; 221:108627.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Addressing OUD stigma among PCPs is a public health priority in addressing the ongoing opioid crisis.
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- Medical provider stigma experienced by people who use drugs (MPS-PWUD): Development and validation of a scale among people who currently inject drugs in New York City. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 13; 221:108589.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: The validated MPS-PWUD scale could help healthcare providers, harm reduction services and researchers measure stigma experienced by PWUD in medical settings in efforts to minimize the impact of stigma on limiting access to and retention of care for PWUD.
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- Telomere length is associated with HIV infection, methamphetamine use, inflammation, and comorbid disease risk. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 16; 221:108639.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: HIV and METH dependence were each associated with shorter telomeres. After adjusting for demographics, HIV, and METH, T/S ratio remained associated with aging-related outcomes including neurocognitive impairment, neurodegeneration, risks of cardiovascular disease and stroke. While not establishing causality, this study supports using the T/S ratio as a biomarker for estimating the impact of HIV and comorbidities on long-term health.
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- Testing the association between tobacco and cannabis use and cognitive functioning: Findings from an observational and Mendelian randomization study. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 12; 221:108591.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: There was some evidence to suggest that adolescent tobacco and cannabis use were associated with deficits in working memory, response inhibition and emotion recognition. Better powered genetic studies are required to determine whether these associations are causal.
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- Comparing video observation to electronic topography device as a method for measuring cigarette puffing behavior. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 17; 221:108623.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Although some topography outcomes (e.g., total puff volume) cannot be assessed via video observation, video-observed measures of puff count, total duration, and total interpuff interval are generally interchangeable with their topography device-obtained counterparts. Thus, video observation is likely a sufficient substitute method for assessing cigarette topography when using an electronic device is not possible.
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- The impact of free choice in alcohol treatment. Primary outcomes of the self-match study. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 13; 221:108587.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Our hypothesis, that outcome is improved if clients choose their own treatment, was not supported. However, an important finding is that client self-matching is just as beneficial as expert matching.
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- Prescription opioid characteristics at initiation for non-cancer pain and risk of treated opioid use disorder: A population-based study. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 13; 221:108601.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: Prescription opioid characteristics at initiation are associated with risk of treated OUD, identifying potentially important and modifiable risk factors among people initiating opioids for non-cancer pain.
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- Within-treatment clinical markers of dropout risk in integrated treatments for comorbid PTSD and alcohol use disorder. [Journal Article]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Feb 13; 221:108592.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide preliminary evidence of detectable within-treatment markers of dropout during integrated treatment for PTSD + AUD. Study of within-treatment indicators proximal to dropout may help identify at-risk patients and inform timely strategies to boost retention.
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