Long-term effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae--and associated interactions with Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae colonization--in HIV-Infected and HIV-uninfected children.
J Infect Dis. 2007 Dec 01; 196(11):1662-6.JI

Abstract

After a primary series of 3 doses, it was found that a 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine no longer reduces nasopharyngeal colonization by vaccine serotypes in children 5.3 years of age. In addition, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children (n=81) had a higher prevalence of colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae (71.6% and 74.1%, respectively) than did HIV-uninfected children (n=271; 50.9% and 52.0%, respectively), suggesting that increased colonization may contribute to the greater burden of pneumococcal disease in HIV-infected children. Inverse associations between colonization by S. pneumoniae and colonization by Staphylococcus aureus and between colonization by S. aureus and colonization by H. influenzae were observed only in HIV-uninfected children, possibly as a result of suboptimal adaptive immunity after previous colonization in HIV-infected children.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Madhi SA
University of the Witwatersrand/Medical Research Council, Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, Bertsham, South Africa. madhis@hivsa.com
Adrian P
No affiliation info available
Kuwanda L
No affiliation info available
Cutland C
No affiliation info available
Albrich WC
No affiliation info available
Klugman KP
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHIV SeronegativityHaemophilus InfectionsHaemophilus influenzaeHumansMaleNasopharynxPneumococcal InfectionsPneumococcal VaccinesPrevalenceStaphylococcal InfectionsStaphylococcus aureusStreptococcus pneumoniaeTime FactorsVaccines, Conjugate

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

18008250