High cardiometabolic risk in healthy Chilean adolescents: associations with anthropometric, biological and lifestyle factors.
Public Health Nutr. 2016 Feb; 19(3):486-93.PH

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To analyse the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in healthy adolescents of low to middle socio-economic status and to study the influence of anthropometric, biological and lifestyle factors on the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS).

DESIGN

Cross-sectional study. BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, fat and lean mass (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), TAG, HDL-cholesterol, glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), food intake and physical activity were measured. Cardiovascular risk factors were defined using the International Diabetes Federation criteria and insulin resistance using HOMA-IR ≥2.6. Bivariate and multivariate regressions examined the associations between MetS and anthropometric, biological and lifestyle factors.

SETTING

Observational cohort study including Chilean adolescents, who were part of a follow-up study beginning in infancy.

SUBJECTS

Adolescents aged 16-17 years (n 667).

RESULTS

In the sample, 16.2% had obesity and 9.5% had MetS. Low HDL-cholesterol (69.9%), abdominal obesity (33.3%) and fasting hyperglycaemia (8.7%) were the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors. In males, obesity (OR=3.7; 95% CI 1.2, 10.8), insulin resistance (OR=3.0; 95% CI 1.1, 8.2), physical inactivity (OR=2.9; 95% CI 1.1, 7.7) and sarcopenia (OR=21.2; 95% CI 4.2, 107.5) significantly increased the risk of MetS. In females, insulin resistance (OR=4.9; 95% CI 1.9, 12.6) and sarcopenia (OR=3.6; 95% CI 1.1, 11.9) were significantly associated with MetS.

CONCLUSIONS

High prevalences of obesity, abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, fasting hyperglycaemia and MetS were found in healthy adolescents. In both sexes, sarcopenia and insulin resistance were important risk factors of MetS. Promotion of active lifestyles at the school level and regulation of the sale of energy-dense foods are needed.

Links

Publisher Full Text
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
journals.cambridge.org
cambridge.org
PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations

Burrows R
1Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology,University of Chile,Avda. El Líbano 5524,Macul 7840390,Santiago de Chile,Chile.
Correa-Burrows P
1Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology,University of Chile,Avda. El Líbano 5524,Macul 7840390,Santiago de Chile,Chile.
Reyes M
1Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology,University of Chile,Avda. El Líbano 5524,Macul 7840390,Santiago de Chile,Chile.
Blanco E
2Division of Child Development and Community Health,University of California,San Diego,La Jolla,CA,USA.
Albala C
1Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology,University of Chile,Avda. El Líbano 5524,Macul 7840390,Santiago de Chile,Chile.
Gahagan S
2Division of Child Development and Community Health,University of California,San Diego,La Jolla,CA,USA.

MeSH

Absorptiometry, PhotonAdiposityAdolescentBlood GlucoseBlood PressureBody Mass IndexBody WeightCardiovascular DiseasesChileCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLCross-Sectional StudiesEnergy IntakeFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansHyperglycemiaInsulinInsulin ResistanceLife StyleMaleMetabolic SyndromeMultivariate AnalysisObesityObesity, AbdominalPrevalenceRisk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsTriglyceridesWaist Circumference

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Observational Study
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

25990645