[A cohort study on the association between fasting plasma glucose level over 5.3 mmol/L and risks of abnormal glucose metabolism and cardiovascular diseases in the elderly].Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2016 May 01; 55(5):340-4.ZN
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level over 5.3 mmol/L to the development of abnormal glucose metabolism and cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study with 1 064 non-diabetic subjects(980 males; 84 females) aged 60 or over, who carried out annual health check-up in Chinese PLA General Hospital from May, 1996 to May, 2015. Based on the average FPG level of 3 years before enrollment, the subjects were divided into four groups: <5.3 mmol/L, 5.3-<5.6 mmol/L, 5.6-<6.1 mmol/L and 6.1-<7.0 mmol/L. Glucose metabolic changes, complications and mortality were follow-up until May, 2015.
RESULTS
(1)The initial 3-year average FPG levels were (4.9±0.4) mmol/L in the total 1 064 subjects. Among them, 126 subjects developed diabetes mellitus (DM) and 144 subjects developed impaired glucose regulation (IGR) during the follow-up visits. The proportions of IGR and diabetes increased with the FPG levels (P<0.05). The risk for developing IGR was significantly higher in subjects with FPG≥5.3 mmol/L than in those with FPG <5.3 mmol/L (RR=3.08, 95%CI 2.02-4.81, P<0.01). The risk for incident DM was markedly increased in subjects with FPG ≥ 5.6 mmol/L than in those with FPG <5.6 mmol/L (RR=6.73, 95%CI 3.90-11.52, P<0.01); (2)The risk for CVD was eight folds higher in subjects with FPG ≥5.3 mmol/L than in subjects with FPG <5.3 mmol/L (RR=8.42, 95%CI 5.11-13.82, P<0.05); (3)Survival analysis showed that the risk of death was 1.47 times higher in subjects with FPG ≥5.3 mmol/L than in subjects with FPG <5.3 mmol/L after years of followed-up (RR=1.47, 95%CI 1.09-1.98, P=0.0127).
CONCLUSION
The risks for IGR, CVD and mortality are higher in the elderly with FPG≥5.3 mmol/L, which highlights the importance for the disease prevention in elder people with FPG 5.3 mmol/L or more.