- Design of an Ultralow Molecular Weight Heparin That Resists Heparanase Biodegradation. [Journal Article]J Med Chem. 2023 Jan 27 [Online ahead of print]JM
- Heparanase, an endo-β-d-glucuronidase produced by a variety of cells and tissues, cleaves the glycosidic linkage between glucuronic acid (GlcA) and a 3-O- or 6-O-sulfated glucosamine, typified by the disaccharide -[GlcA-GlcNS3S6S]-, which is found within the antithrombin-binding domain of heparan sulfate or heparin. As such, all current forms of heparin are susceptible to degradation by heparanas…
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- The association between a genetic variant in the SULF2 gene, metabolic parameters and vascular disease in patients at high cardiovascular risk. [Journal Article]Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Mar; 12(1):e0278.CE
- CONCLUSIONS: Imputed rs2281279 genotype is not associated with metabolic parameters and does not increase the risk of vascular events or T2DM in patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease.
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- A prognostic model based on clusters of molecules related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. [Journal Article]
- Background: Most patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have poor prognosis; Effective predictive models for these patients are currently lacking. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) often occurs during idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis development, and is closely related to multiple pathways and biological processes. It is thus necessary for clinicians to find prognostic biomarkers wi…
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- HS, an Ancient Molecular Recognition and Information Storage Glycosaminoglycan, Equips HS-Proteoglycans with Diverse Matrix and Cell-Interactive Properties Operative in Tissue Development and Tissue Function in Health and Disease. [Review]
- Heparan sulfate is a ubiquitous, variably sulfated interactive glycosaminoglycan that consists of repeating disaccharides of glucuronic acid and glucosamine that are subject to a number of modifications (acetylation, de-acetylation, epimerization, sulfation). Variable heparan sulfate chain lengths and sequences within the heparan sulfate chains provide structural diversity generating interactive …
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- Hereditary Angioedema: Diagnosis, Clinical Implications, and Pathophysiology. [Review]Adv Ther. 2023 Jan 07 [Online ahead of print]AT
- Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a mutation in the C1 esterase inhibitor gene. HAE affects 1/50,000 people worldwide. Three main types of HAE exist: type I, type II, and type III. Type I is characterized by a deficiency in C1-INH. C1-INH is important in the coagulation complement, contact systems, and fibrinolysis. Most HAE cases are type I. Type I and II HA…
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- Meta-analyses of sulodexide and other drugs in prevention and treatment of post-thrombotic syndrome. [Meta-Analysis]Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 12; 26(24):9372-9381.ER
- CONCLUSIONS: In prevention of PTS, sulodexide and rivaroxaban showed a low incidence and reduced risk of PTS respectively, while in PTS treatment, sulodexide was significantly effective in the complete ulcers healing. These results confirm the need to move from the traditional single-pillar approach with elastic compression stockings to a more effective multi-pillar approach, tailoring the treatment to each individual patient.
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- Efficacy and safety of native type II collagen in modulating knee osteoarthritis symptoms: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: TII collagen not only has a significantly better effect and high safety profile for OA but also improves the quality of life of patients.
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- Possible synergic action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucosamine sulfate for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a scoping review. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: The 5 studies included in this scoping review all report a significantly greater clinical benefit with a combination of GS plus NSAID compared to either treatment alone. The evidence supports efficacy in reducing pain, improving function, and possibly regulating joint damage. However, further randomized trials with larger sample sizes are warranted to confirm these findings.
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- Emerging pharmaceutical therapeutics and delivery technologies for osteoarthritis therapy. [Review]
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint degenerative diseases in the world. At present, the management of OA depends on the lifestyle modification and joint replacement surgery, with the lifespan of prosthesis quite limited yet. Effective drug treatment of OA is essential. However, the current drugs, such as the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen, as well as gluco…
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- Evaluation of unsulfated biotechnological chondroitin in a knee osteoarthritis mouse model as a potential novel functional ingredient in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. [Journal Article]
- Osteoarthritis is a very disabling disease that can be treated with both non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. In the last years, pharmaceutical-grade chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine emerged as symptomatic slow-acting molecules, effective in pain reduction and improved function in patients affected by osteoarthritis. CS is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan that is currently prod…
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- Microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction brings a notably high yield of polysaccharides from mountain Zizania latifolia. [Journal Article]J Food Sci. 2023 Jan; 88(1):94-108.JF
- Mountain Zizania latifolia is produced at scale in China, and the edible swollen culm is exported to many countries, but little attention has been paid to its functional components. In this work, microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction (MAEE) is used for the first time to extract polysaccharides from mountain Z. latifolia swollen culm (PMZL). MAEE conditions optimized by Box-Behnken design-respon…
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- [Points of undenatured type II collagen application in musculoskeletal pain syndromes treatment]. [Journal Article]Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2022; 122(11):40-45.ZN
- The dominant collagen of the cartilaginous matrix in adults is type II collagen. The amount of type II collagen in the intercellular matrix of cartilage is significantly reduced against the background of musculoskeletal system diseases. The basis of articular cartilage is hyaline cartilage tissue consisting of chondrocytes with tissue-specific antigens that induce the production of antibodies in …
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- Fishery waste valorization: Sulfated ZrO2 as a heterogeneous catalyst for chitin and chitosan depolymerization. [Journal Article]
- Chitin and chitosan are abundant unique sources of biologically-fixed nitrogen mainly derived from residues of the fishery productive chain. Their high potential as nitrogen-based highly added-value platform molecules is still largely unexploited and a catalytic way for their valorization would be strongly desirable within a biorefinery concept. Here we report our results obtained with a series o…
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- Glycosaminoglycan Analysis: Purification, Structural Profiling, and GAG-Protein Interactions. [Journal Article]
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long, linear polysaccharides that are ubiquitously expressed on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix of all animal cells. These complex carbohydrates are composed of alternating glucosamine and uronic acids that can be heterogeneously N- and O-sulfated. The arrangement and orientation of the sulfated sugar residues specify the location of distinct ligand …
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- [Chondroitin sulfate in therapy osteoarthritis chronic pain patients according to actual clinical recommendations]. [Journal Article]Ter Arkh. 2021 Dec 15; 93(12):1551-1555.TA
- Of undoubted interest is the search for new drugs comparable in effectiveness to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but with a safer application profile. NSAIDs are characterized by a good analgesic effect due to the modulation of prostaglandin metabolism by inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2. One of the promising directions of pharmacotherapy of degenerative-dystrophic joint lesions is t…
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- Synthesis of O-Linked Glycoconjugates in the Nervous System. [Journal Article]Adv Neurobiol. 2023; 29:95-116.AN
- Glycoproteins carrying O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, fucose, glucose, and xylose are found in the nervous system. Lipids are glycosylated by distinct glycosylation enzymes as well. Membrane lipid, ceramide, is modified by the addition of either glucose or galactose to form glycosphingolipid, galactosylceramide, or glucosylceramide. Recent careful analyses by MS hav…
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- Jellyfish Polysaccharides for Wound Healing Applications. [Journal Article]
- Jellyfishes are considered a new potential resource in food, pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. In these latter cases, they are studied as source of active principles but are also exploited to produce marine collagen. In the present work, jellyfish skin polysaccharides (JSP) with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) features were extracted from Rhizostoma pulmo, a main blooming species of Mediterranean…
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- An economic evaluation of knee osteoarthritis treatments in Thailand. [Journal Article]
- Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different knee OA care sequences compared to standard treatment reimbursed by the major health insurance payer in Thailand. Method: We used decision analytical modeling to evaluate the effect of either adding etoricoxib or crystalline glucosamine sulfate compared to standard treatment from a societal perspective over …
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- Effects of different routes of administration and doses of Sulodexide on leukocyte-endothelium interaction and tissue perfusion on an animal model of low flow and high pressure in veins. [Journal Article]Phlebology. 2022 Dec; 37(10):721-731.P
- CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study demonstrated that Sulodexide significantly decreased leukocyte-endothelium interaction and improved tissue perfusion in hamsters subjected to venous hypertension and low blood flow.
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- Synthesis of a Systematic 64-Membered Heparan Sulfate Tetrasaccharide Library. [Journal Article]Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2023 Jan 02; 62(1):e202211985.AC
- Heparan sulfate (HS) has multifaceted biological activities. To date, no libraries of HS oligosaccharides bearing systematically varied sulfation structures are available owing to the challenges in synthesizing a large number of HS oligosaccharides. To overcome the obstacles and expedite the synthesis, a divergent approach was designed, where 64 HS tetrasaccharides covering all possible structure…
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- Alterations in heparan sulfate proteoglycan synthesis and sulfation and the impact on vascular endothelial function. [Review]
- The glycocalyx attached to the apical surface of vascular endothelial cells is a rich network of proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, and glycoproteins with instrumental roles in vascular homeostasis. Given their molecular complexity and ability to interact with the intra- and extracellular environment, heparan sulfate proteoglycans uniquely contribute to the glycocalyx's role in regulating endothe…
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- Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular matrix displays altered glycosaminoglycan structure and impaired functionality in Myelodysplastic Syndromes. [Journal Article]
- Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies characterized by clonal hematopoiesis, one or more cytopenias such as anemia, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia, abnormal cellular maturation, and a high risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. The bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) in general and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in particular contri…
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- Effects of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate supplementation in addition to resistance exercise training and manual therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial. [Randomized Controlled Trial]J Pak Med Assoc. 2022 Jul; 72(7):1272-1277.JP
- CONCLUSIONS: Manual therapy and resistance exercise training are effective in the management of knee osteoarthritis, however, glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate supplementation for 4 weeks showed no additional benefits.
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- Sulodexide Increases Glutathione Synthesis and Causes Pro-Reducing Shift in Glutathione-Redox State in HUVECs Exposed to Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation: Implication for Protection of Endothelium against Ischemic Injury. [Journal Article]
- Sulodexide (SDX), a purified glycosaminoglycan mixture used to treat vascular diseases, has been reported to exert endothelial protective effects against ischemic injury. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain to be fully elucidated. The emerging evidence indicated that a relatively high intracellular concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) and a maintenance of the redox envir…
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- The Protective Effect of Sulodexide on Acute Lung Injury Induced by a Murine Model of Obstructive Jaundice. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that SLX attenuates OJ-induced ALI in rats by protecting the pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier.
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- Chitinase from the Latex of Ficus benjamina L. Displays Antifungal Activity by Inducing ROS Generation and Structural Damage to the Fungal Cell Wall and Plasma Membrane. [Journal Article]Protein Pept Lett. 2022; 29(10):869-881.PP
- CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the biotechnological potential of FbLx-Chi-1 to control important phytopathogenic fungi in agriculture. In addition, FbLx-Chi-1 could be further explored to be used in industrial processes such as the large-scale environmentally friendly enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin to produce its monomer N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine, which is employed for bioethanol production, in cosmetics, in medicine, and for other multiple applications.
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- StatPearls: Glucosamine Sulfate [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- Glucosamine sulfate is an oral supplement used in the management and treatment of osteoarthritis. This activity outlines the indications, hypothesized action, and contraindications for glucosamine sulfate as a valuable agent in managing osteoarthritis. This activity will highlight the hypothesized mechanism of action, adverse event profile, suggested dosing, monitoring for relevant interactions, …
- Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Chitosan-Derived and Biofermentation-Derived Glucosamine in Nutritional Supplement for Bone Health. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate have been used as nutritional supplementation for joint tissues and osteoarthritis (OA). Biofermented glucosamine is of great interest in the supplement industry as an alternative source of glucosamine. The purpose of this study is to compare the pharmacokinetics of chitosan-derived glucosamine and biofermentation-derived glucosamine as nutritional supplementat…
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- Risk of ischaemic stroke among new users of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate: a nested case-control study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Our results support a protective effect of prescription CS and glucosamine in IS, which was observed even in patients at vascular risk.
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- Design and Synthesis of 1-O- and 6'-C-Modified Heparan Sulfate Trisaccharides as Human Endo-6-O-Sulfatase 1 Inhibitors. [Journal Article]
- The extracellular human endo-6-O-sulfatases (Sulf-1 and Sulf-2) are responsible for the endolytic cleavage of the 6-sulfate groups from the internal D-glucosamine residues in the highly sulfated subdomains of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. A trisaccharide sulfate, IdoA2OS-GlcNS6S-IdoA2OS, was identified as the minimal size of substrate for Sulf-1. In order to study the complex structure with Sulf…
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