- Distinct patterns of fasting plasma glucose and lipid profile levels over time in adults tested positive for HIV on HAART in Shanghai, China, revealed using growth mixture models. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The change patterns of plasma glucose and lipid in patients tested positive for HIV were heterogeneous and tailored interventions should be considered in specific subgroups.
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- Growth differences by school-age and adolescence according to in utero and peripartum antiretroviral therapy exposure among Ugandan children. [Journal Article]Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jan 27; 102(4):e32677.M
- In utero/peripartum antiretroviral (IPA) drug exposure in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed children has established benefit for prevention of HIV mother-to-child-transmission but its association with height-for-age by adolescence is unknown. Hence we quantify IPA-associated growth differences at 6 to 18 years old among children with perinatally acquired HIV (CPHIV) infection and childre…
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- Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed): Zidovudine [BOOK]Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). National Library of Medicine (US): Bethesda (MD)BOOK
- Zidovudine has been well studied during breastfeeding. Milk levels are low and most breastfed infants do not have detectable blood levels. Some breastfed infants have developed anemia during maternal therapy.
- [Characteristics and associated factors of blood lipid trajectories among HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy]. [Journal Article]Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Dec 10; 43(12):1959-1964.ZL
- Objective: To examine characteristics and risk factors of the blood lipid trajectories among HIV-infected patients treated with antiviral therapy (ART). Methods: Based on the retrospective cohort study design, sociodemographic characteristics and baseline laboratory indicators of HIV-infected patients receiving ART from January 2004 to April 2021 in Taizhou, Zhejiang province. The blood lipid tra…
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- The Use of Zidovudine Pharmacophore in Multi-Target-Directed Ligands for AIDS Therapy. [Review]
- The concept of polypharmacology embraces multiple drugs combined in a therapeutic regimen (drug combination or cocktail), fixed dose combinations (FDCs), and a single drug that binds to different targets (multi-target drug). A polypharmacology approach is widely applied in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), providing life-saving therapies for millions of people living wit…
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- Impact of antenatal antiretroviral drug exposure on the growth of children who are HIV-exposed uninfected: the national South African Prevention of Mother to Child Evaluation cohort study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide evidence for initiating all pregnant women living with HIV on ART as fetal exposure had no demonstrable adverse effects on postnatal growth. Several non-HIV-related maternal, child and socio-demographic factors were independently associated with growth, highlighting the need for multi-sectoral interventions. Longer-term monitoring of CHEU children is recommended.
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- Device-Sizing and Associated Complications With Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: Findings From the NCDR LAAO Registry. [Journal Article]Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2022 12; 15(12):e012183.CC
- CONCLUSIONS: Among patients undergoing left atrial appendage occlusion with the first-generation Watchman device, receipt of oversized devices was common and increased over time. The high prevalence of oversizing was associated with lower odds of significant leak or device embolization without increased odds of other adverse events.
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- Participation of inpatients in multidisciplinary team meetings: An explorative study of mental healthcare workers' perception. [Multicenter Study]Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2022 12; 41:277-285.AP
- CONCLUSIONS: Mental healthcare workers report a great willingness to involve inpatients in MTMs. However, social workers, nurses, and pedagogues feel less competent and are less positive about the effects of patient participation in MTMs. Mental healthcare workers with recent training in patient participation and experience in patient participation in MTMs feel more competent and believe more often that the patient should fulfil a more autonomous role when participating in a MTM. These results can be used to understand and improve patient participation in MTMs in mental healthcare.
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- Analysis of in vitro and in vivo metabolism of zidovudine and gemfibrozil in trans-chromosomic mouse line expressing human UGT2 enzymes. [Journal Article]
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the conjugation of various substrates with sugars. Since the UGT2 family forms a large cluster spanning 1.5 Mb, transgenic mouse lines carrying the entire human UGT2 family have not been constructed because of limitations in conventional cloning techniques. Therefore, we made a humanized mouse model for UGT2 by chromosome engineering technologies. The …
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- In Situ Super-Resolution Imaging of Telomeres with DNA-PAINT. [Journal Article]
- Telomeres are located at the ends of chromosomes and play an important role in maintaining the integrity of chromosomes and controlling the cycle of cell division. Studies have shown that abnormal telomere length may lead to the occurrence of some diseases. Therefore, accurate measurement of telomere length will be helpful for the prediction and diagnosis of related diseases. DNA point accumulati…
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- PERV induces CXCL10 in human monocytes and monocyte-derived primary cells. [Journal Article]Intervirology. 2022 Nov 16 [Online ahead of print]I
- CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight PERVs as inducers of the pro-inflammatory chemokine CXCL10 and other innate immune responses in human monocytes and derived cells with potential implications in the context of xenotransplantation.
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- Antiretroviral therapy non-adherence among children living with HIV in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia: a case-control study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Technical support to caregivers to build disclosure self-efficacy, identifying the appropriate regimen for children, counseling on viral load suppression on subsequent visits, and helping caregivers avoid or reduce substance use may help improve the problem of children's non-adherence to ART.
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- Determinants of therapy failure among adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Asmara, Eritrea: a multicenter retrospective matched case-control study. [Multicenter Study]
- CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore the importance of optimizing cART adherence, diversification of cART regimens, and interventions directed at enhancing early HIV diagnosis, prompt initiations of treatment, and improved patient-focused monitoring of treatment response.
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- Magnetic NH2-MIL-101(Al)/Chitosan nanocomposite as a novel adsorbent for the removal of azithromycin: modeling and process optimization. [Journal Article]
- In the present study, the magnetic NH2-MIL-101(Al)/chitosan nanocomposite (MIL/Cs@Fe3O4 NCs) was synthesized and used in the removal of azithromycin (AZT) from an aqueous solution for the first time. The as-synthesized MIL/Cs@Fe3O4 NCs was characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, and VSM techniques. The effect of various key factors in the AZT adsorption process was modeled and optimized using …
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- Lower Insulin Sensitivity in Newborns With In Utero HIV and Antiretroviral Exposure Who Are Uninfected in Botswana. [Randomized Controlled Trial]J Infect Dis. 2022 11 28; 226(11):2002-2009.JI
- CONCLUSIONS: Newborns HEU versus HUU had lower insulin sensitivity at birth and at 1 month of life, raising potential concern for obesity and other metabolic perturbations later in life for newborns HEU.
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- Discerning the role of polymyxin B nonapeptide in restoring the antibacterial activity of azithromycin against antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli. [Journal Article]
- Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health threat. Antibiotic development pipeline has few new drugs; therefore, using antibiotic adjuvants has been envisioned as a successful method to preserve existing medications to fight multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of a polymyxin derivative known as polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN) with azit…
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- Nutritional aberration and related morphological disorders among patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Ghana: A retrospective study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: High malnutrition, lipodystrophy and muscle wasting exist in PLHIV on cART in the Bia-West District. These adverse nutritional effects may be modulated by disease severity, ARV medication and duration.
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- The antiretroviral agents azidothymidine, stavudine, and didanosine have the identical mutational fingerprint in the rpoB region of Escherichia coli. [Journal Article]Environ Mol Mutagen. 2022 08; 63(7):329-335.EM
- We looked at the mutational fingerprints of three antiretroviral (anti-HIV) agents, azidothymidine (AZT), stavudine (STAV), and didanosine (DIDA) in the rpoB system of Escherichia coli and compared them with each other and with the fingerprints of trimethoprim and of spontaneous mutations in a wild-type and a mutT background. All three agents gave virtually identical fingerprints in the wild-type…
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- Chalcogenium-AZT derivatives: a plausible strategy to tackle the RT-inhibitors-related oxidative stress while maintaining their anti-HIV properties. [Journal Article]Curr Med Chem. 2022 Sep 06 [Online ahead of print]CM
- CONCLUSIONS: Data suggest the feasibility of modifying the AZT nucleus with simple organochalcogen fragments, exploring the reactivity of the azide group via 1,3-dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition reaction. The design of these new compounds showed the initially desired biological activities.
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- [Adverse cardiovascular effects of antiretrovirals in female mice during gestation]. [Journal Article]Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Sep; 38(3):252-257.ZY
- Objective: To evaluate the effects of antiretrovirals on cardiovascular function and some biochemical indexes in gestational female rats. Methods: Nineteen 9-week-old female and six 10-week-old male SD rats were divided into normal control group (CON) and highly active antiretroviral therapy group (HARRT), 9/10 female rats and 3 male rats were combined into one cage, totally 2 cages. Female rats …
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- Anti-malarial effect of a combination of risedronate and azithromycin against Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis infection in Swiss mice. [Journal Article]Parasitol Int. 2022 Dec; 91:102655.PI
- Combination therapy is used to retard the selection of malaria parasite strains resistant to individual components of a combination of drugs. This approach has proved to be a success in the combination of sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine, which targets two different steps in the folate pathway of malaria parasites. However, after the success of this therapeutic combination, the efficacy of other co…
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- Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Azithromycin with Graphene-Modified Electrode. [Journal Article]
- An electrochemical cell containing two graphite rods was filled with the appropriate electrolyte (0.2 M ammonia + 0.2 M ammonium sulphate) and connected to the exfoliation system to synthesize graphene (EGr). A bias of 7 V was applied between the anode and cathode for 3 h. After synthesis, the morphology and structure of the sample was characterized by SEM, XRD, and FTIR techniques. The material …
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- Chronic Kidney Disease in a Large National Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Program. [Journal Article]
- Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is associated with a risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in Asian populations. Data from the Thai national health insurance system was used to assess CKD incidence in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in real-world practice. We analyzed data from patients who initiated one of the following first-line regimens: zidovudine + lamivudine + nevi…
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- Development and Characterization of Azithromycin-Loaded Microemulsions: A Promising Tool for the Treatment of Bacterial Skin Infections. [Journal Article]
- In recent years, the treatment of bacterial skin infections has been considered a major healthcare issue due to the growing emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The incorporation of antibiotics in appropriate nanosystems could represent a promising strategy, able to overcome several drawbacks of the topical treatment of infections, including poor drug retention with…
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- Metabolic profiling of HIV infected individuals on an AZT-based antiretroviral treatment regimen reveals persistent oxidative stress. [Journal Article]J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2022 Oct 25; 220:114986.JP
- Human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) infection and long-term use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) have both been associated with the development of metabolic and immunological complications. Despite having many markers for HIV disease progression, the reliability of these markers remains debatable and most of these cannot be used as valid markers for treatment response. As such, it rema…
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- Comparative Analysis of Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Treated with Rituximab, Azathioprine, and Mycophenolate Mofetil: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: In this study, RTX appeared to be superior to AZT and MMF in improving disability and reducing relapse in patients with NMOSD. RTX is also associated with fewer adverse events based on pooled analysis. Future randomized clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of RTX in patients with NMOSD.
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- Zwitterionic meso-silica/polypeptide hybrid nanoparticles for efficient azithromycin delivery and photodynamic therapy for synergistic treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infection. [Journal Article]Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 Oct 31; 219:597-610.IJ
- The treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections attributed to the overuse of antibiotics still remains a serious challenge globally. Herein, zwitterionic charge switchable meso-silica/polypeptide hybrid nanoparticles (MSPNs) were prepared for the synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy in the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections. Subsequently, azithromycin (AZT) and methylene blue…
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- A Case-Control Study of the MTHFR C665T Gene Polymorphism on Macrocytic Anemia Among HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Zidovudine. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: MTHFR C665T gene polymorphism does not contribute to the incidence of macrocytic anemia among HIV-infected individuals receiving zidovudine.
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- Can plant-derived anti-HIV compounds be used in COVID-19 cases? [Journal Article]
- People living with HIV are more exposed to the adverse health effects of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic's health and social repercussions may promote drug abuse and inadequate HIV management among this demographic. The coronavirus pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19) has caused unprecedented disruption worldwide in people's lives and health care. When the COVID-19 epidemic was identified, p…
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