- Self-management and hospitalization in 615 Swedish patients with Addison's disease during the COVID-19 pandemic - a retrospective study. [Journal Article]Eur J Endocrinol. 2023 Jan 31 [Online ahead of print]EJ
- CONCLUSIONS: In the largest study to date examining AAD during the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed that although one fifth of the cohort contracted COVID-19 few patients required hospital care. A majority of the patients applied general recommended sick-rules despite reporting limited communication with healthcare during the pandemic.
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- Paracoccidioidomycosis and Addison's syndrome - case report. [Journal Article]Trop Doct. 2023 Jan 30 [Online ahead of print]TD
- Paracoccidioidomycosis is caused by a fungus (Paracoccidioides brasiliensis), which is endemic to Brazil. It is most frequently found in the lungs, with haematogenous and lymphatic spread. The condition is more prevalent in men, between 30 and 60 years old, commonly rural workers. It is the third leading cause of death among chronic infectious diseases today. The systemic disease has an insidious…
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- Influenza vaccine coverage in 6months-64 years-old patients affected by chronic diseases: A retrospective cohort study in Italy. [Journal Article]Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2023 Jan 30 [Online ahead of print]HV
- At the beginning of each flu season, the Italian Ministry of Health defines the categories at higher risk of influenza complications, for which vaccination is actively and freely offered. The vaccine coverage (VC) of the influenza vaccine in subjects from 6 months to 64 years of age suffering from diseases that increase the risk of complications from influenza during the 2020-2021 season was eval…
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- The procalcitonin-to-cortisol ratio is a potential prognostic predictor in sepsis with abdominal source: a retrospective observational study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: P/C ratio might be a potential prognostic predictor in septic patients with abdominal sources.
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- Acute paracoccidioidomycosis worsened by immunosuppressive therapy due to a misdiagnosis of Crohn's disease. [Case Reports]
- Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis endemic in Latin America, mostly in Brazil. The involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon and usually associated with the acute form. Recently, a cluster of acute PCM cases has been described in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We report a 42-year-old male, resident of Rio de Janeiro, presenting chronic diarrhea and abdominal pain in the past …
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- Variations in cortisol response in patients with known and suspected adrenal insufficiency. [Journal Article]
- Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a relatively rare disease. While the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test remains as one of the commonly used diagnostic test for AI, to date there is no consensus on the cortisol cutoff value post-ACTH stimulation test. This study aimed to investigate and characterize the cortisol response after the standard ACTH stimulation test in a group of Saudi A…
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- Glucocorticoid induced adrenal insufficiency in children: Morning cortisol values to avoid LDSST. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Morning cortisol values can safely assess recovery of the HPA axis in children treated chronically with glucocorticoids. Using these thresholds, more than 50% of LD-SST could be avoided in children.
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- Alteration in glucocorticoids secretion and metabolism in patients affected by cystic fibrosis. [Journal Article]
- Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited syndrome associated with a mutation in a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene, composed of exocrine gland dysfunction involving multiple systems that may result in chronic respiratory infections, pancreatic enzyme deficiency, and developmental disorders. Our study describes for the first time the urinary profile of glucocorticoid metabolite…
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- The Role of Apoptosis and Autophagy in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). [Journal Article]
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health problem affecting millions of people worldwide and leading to death or permanent damage. TBI affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis either by primary injury to the hypothalamic-hypophyseal region or by secondary vascular damage, brain, and/or pituitary edema, vasospasm, and inflammation. Neuroendocrine dysfunctions after TBI have been …
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- Saturated very long-chain fatty acids regulate macrophage plasticity and invasiveness. [Journal Article]
- Saturated very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA, ≥ C22), enriched in brain myelin and innate immune cells, accumulate in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) due to inherited dysfunction of the peroxisomal VLCFA transporter ABCD1. In its severest form, X-ALD causes cerebral myelin destruction with infiltration of pro-inflammatory skewed monocytes/macrophages. How VLCFA levels relate to macrophage a…
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- Differentiating Immune-Related Adrenal Insufficiency From Low Cardiac Output Syndrome: A Case Report. [Case Reports]
- We report a case of a 58-year-old woman with secondary adrenocortical insufficiency due to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency after pembrolizumab treatment that required differentiation from low cardiac output syndrome. The patient had chronic heart failure due to radiation cardiomyopathy and underwent implantation of cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D). One year ag…
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- Seizure from water intoxication following bowel preparation: a case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the use of certain well-documented medications and the presence of comorbidities that can lead to hyponatremia, clinicians should also be aware of the use of desmopressin as an important risk factor. Thorough history taking can guide individualized bowel preparation regimens to minimize the risk of undesired complications.
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- Clinical characteristics of patients with unexplainable hypothalamic disorder diagnosed by the corticotropin-releasing hormone challenge test: a retrospective study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Patients with unexplainable HD diagnosed by the CRH challenge test had hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction and some patients had mild central adrenal insufficiency. Hydrocortisone supplementation reduced fatigue only in some patients, suggesting that HPA axis dysfunction may be a physiological adaptation. Further investigation of these patients may help elucidate the pathophysiology of myalgic encephalitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.
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- Significant risk of COVID-19 and related-hospitalization among patients with adrenal insufficiency: A large multinational survey. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: A markedly raised RR of COVID-19 and hospitalization in respondents reporting chronic AI was detected. We found that a diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, age>40 years, male gender, pulmonary disease, and higher maintenance doses of glucocorticoids were associated with greatest risk.
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- Case Report of Disseminated Adrenal Histoplasmosis and Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency. [Case Reports]
- Histoplasmosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by the environmental fungus H. capsulatum, primarily affecting the respiratory system. In immunocompromised patients, histoplasmosis can become severely complicated due to dissemination into various other organ systems. Adrenal insufficiency is an uncommon complication of disseminated histoplasmosis, as its manifestation requires necrotizing …
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- Sphingosine phosphate lyase insufficiency syndrome: a systematic review. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: In patients with PAI and/or SRNS, SGPL1 should be added to diagnostic genetic panels, which can provide an earlier diagnosis of SPLIS and prevention of ESKD and other life-threatening complications.
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- Doctors, teach your adrenal insufficiency patients well: provide them with a European Emergency Card! [Review]
- Adrenal insufficiency is a life-threatening condition requiring chronic glucocorticoid replacement therapy, as well as stress adaptation to prevent adrenal crises. To increase patients' self-sustainability, education on how to tackle an adrenal crisis is crucial. All patients should carry the European Emergency Card.
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- StatPearls: Adrenal Insufficiency (Nursing) [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- Adrenal insufficiency ranges from mild nonspecific symptoms to life-threatening shock condition. Adrenal insufficiency is a diagnosis that will not be made unless the clinician maintains a level of suspicion. The decreasing or suppressed adrenal function may be masked until stress or illness triggers an adrenal crisis.[1][2][3] An important distinction in these patients is the presence of mineral…
- StatPearls: Adrenal Insufficiency [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- The adrenal gland is made up of two parts, the cortex and the medulla. The adrenal cortex produces hormones necessary for normal body functioning; deficiency of these hormones results in adrenal insufficiency. The cortex is responsible for producing glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens. Destruction or dysfunction of the adrenal cortex mainly causes glucocorticoid and mineralocortico…
- Long-Term Toxicities of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) in Melanoma Patients. [Journal Article]
- ICI therapy has greatly improved patient outcomes in melanoma, but at the cost of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Data on the chronicity of irAEs, especially in real-world settings, are currently limited. We performed a retrospective chart review of 161 adult patients with melanoma treated with at least one cycle of ICI regimen in the adjuvant or metastatic setting: 129 patients received P…
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- Recurrence of Hypophysitis After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge. [Case Reports]
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced hypophysitis is an immune-mediated pituitary inflammation that tends to cause long-term pituitary deficiency. Management of ICI-induced hypophysitis includes corticosteroids for acute inflammation and long-term hormone replacement due to irreversible pituitary cell damage. We report a case of recurrent hypophysitis following ICI rechallenge for metastatic…
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- Current perspective of adrenal histoplasmosis in India: A prospective study in a tertiary care hospital, Eastern India. [Journal Article]Indian J Med Microbiol. 2022 Oct 19 [Online ahead of print]IJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Male preponderance and non-compromised immune status are two special characteristics of most AH though reasons are ill understood. So, mycological investigations are to be done for every such case.
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- Histopathological evaluation of the adrenal glands in a cat with primary hypoadrenocorticism and multiple endocrine disease. [Case Reports]
- A 6-year-old male neutered domestic longhair cat was referred for investigation of weight loss, hyporexia, vomiting and diarrhoea. The cat was diagnosed with primary hypoadrenocorticism, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, cobalamin deficiency and a chronic enteropathy, and started on therapeutic treatment. Diabetes mellitus developed 4.5 months later, and the cat was started on insulin therapy. T…
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- Aldosterone in chronic kidney disease and renal outcomes. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Higher serum aldosterone levels among individuals with CKD are independently associated with an increased risk for kidney disease progression, irrespective of concomitant diabetes. These findings provide mechanistic support for MR antagonists in delaying CKD progression and suggest that they may also have a role in those without diabetes.
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- Letter: a hidden cause of chronic abdominal pain-opioid-induced adrenal insufficiency. [Letter]
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- Current Medical Treatment for Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease. [Review]
- Alcohol-associated liver disease is one of the main causes of chronic liver disease. It comprises a clinical-histologic spectrum of presentations, from steatosis, steatohepatitis, to different degrees of fibrosis, including cirrhosis and severe necroinflammatory disease, called alcohol-associated hepatitis. In this focused update, we aim to present specific therapeutic interventions and strategie…
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- Approach of Heterogeneous Spectrum Involving 3beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 Deficiency. [Review]
- We aim to review data on 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II (3βHSD2) deficiency. We identified 30 studies within the last decade on PubMed: 1 longitudinal study (N = 14), 2 cross-sectional studies, 1 retrospective study (N = 16), and 26 case reports (total: 98 individuals). Regarding geographic area: Algeria (N = 14), Turkey (N = 31), China (2 case reports), Morocco (2 sisters), Anatolia …
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- New Approach to Addison Disease: Oral Manifestations Due to Endocrine Dysfunction and Comorbidity Burden. [Review]
- This review highlights oral anomalies with major clinical impact in Addison disease (AD), including dental health and dermatologic features, through a dual perspective: pigmentation issues and AD comorbidities with oral manifestations. Affecting 92% of AD patients, cutaneomucosal hyperpigmentation is synchronous with or precedes general manifestations by up to a decade, underlying melanocytic inf…
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- Isolated hypoaldosteronism managed by DOCP in a dog with chronic kidney disease and hypercortisolism. [Case Reports]
- A 13-year-old spayed female Schnauzer dog with chronic kidney disease (CKD; International Renal Interest Society stage 2, non-proteinuric, normotensive), diabetes mellitus, hypercortisolism and myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine stage B2) presented with electrolyte imbalance that had progressed to hyperkalaemia and hyponatremia, with a sodium to…
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