- Effect of dexamethasone implant on intraocular cytokines in diabetic macular edema. [Journal Article]Indian J Ophthalmol. 2023 Feb; 71(2):363-368.IJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that dexamethasone acts more on IC than VEGF in DME. This is significant in the first 3 months with a rebound effect on IL-6 after 3 months. Our study also suggests that repeat injection of DEX in DME should be done at 3 months to prevent deterioration of visual acuity (VA) and worsening of CMT.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Older Adults and Immune Thrombocytopenia: Considerations for the Clinician. [Review]
- Many epidemiological studies have shown that the incidence of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) increases after age 60 years and peaks in patients over age 80 years. Therefore, ITP is a concern for physicians taking care of older patients, especially regarding its diagnosis and management. The diagnostic work-up should exclude other causes of thrombocytopenia and secondary ITP, including myelodysplas…
- PMC Free PDF
- Dexamethasone Effect on Sudden Hearing Loss is Validated in Stress-induced Animal Models: Hypothetical Study. [Journal Article]J Int Adv Otol. 2023 Jan; 19(1):10-15.JI
- CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary study presented the development of an animal model of stress-induced sudden hearing loss and the positive results of steroids in terms of hearing recovery.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Improving human mesenchymal stem cell-derived hepatic cell energy metabolism by manipulating glucose homeostasis and glucocorticoid signaling. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: HLCs kept under reduced concentrations of glucose, insulin and dexamethasone presented an improved hepatic phenotype and insulin sensitivity demonstrating superior potential as an in vitro platform for modeling energy metabolism-related disorders, namely for the investigation of the insulin signaling pathway.
- PMC Free PDF
- Suprachoroidal injection of triamcinolone acetonide plus intravitreal bevacizumab in diabetic macular edema: a randomized pilot trial. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- CONCLUSIONS: Significant improvements in BCVA and retinal anatomical outcomes demonstrated the additive effects of SCTA to those of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors with no short-term side effects and this combination appears to be a promising option in the management of patients with CI-DME.
- PMC Free PDF
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated hypophysitis: no place like home. [Journal Article]Clin Med (Lond). 2023 Jan; 23(1):81-84.CM
- Ambulatory emergency care forms a fundamental part of the strategy of trying to ensure safe and sustainable acute care services. Immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)-mediated hypophysitis is an important life-threatening complication of therapy. Patients presenting with clinical features and findings consistent with ICI-mediated hypophysitis were considered in the current study. In the absence of sev…
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Corticosteroids for the management of cancer-related fatigue in adults with advanced cancer. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to support or refute the use of systemic corticosteroids in adults with cancer and CRF. We included four small studies that provided very low-certainty of evidence for the efficacy of corticosteroids in the management of CRF. Further high-quality randomised controlled trials with larger sample sizes are required to determine the effectiveness of corticosteroids in this setting.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Immune-related ureteritis and cystitis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: Case report and literature review. [Case Reports]
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (anti-CTLA4) and anti-programmed death cell protein 1 (anti-PD-1), are increasingly prescribed in metastatic carcinoma therapy. ICI-related kidney injury is gradually recognized by clinicians. However, immune-related ureteritis and cystitis easily go undiagnosed. We report three cases of PD-1 monoclona…
- PMC Free PDF
- Vitamin A Status in Preterm Infants Is Associated with Inflammation and Dexamethasone Exposure. [Journal Article]
- Vitamin A has a key role in lung development and its deficiency is associated with an increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. This secondary cohort analysis of the ImNuT trial (Immature, Nutrition Therapy NCT03555019) aimed to (1) explore vitamin A status in preterm infants <29 weeks gestation and (2) assess the influence of inflammation and postnatal dexamethasone exposure on vitamin A con…
- PMC Free PDF
- The Effects of Prenatal Dexamethasone Exposure on Brain Metabolic Homeostasis in Adulthood: Implications for Depression. [Journal Article]
- Since depression produces a long-term negative impact on quality of life, understanding the pathophysiological changes implicated in this disorder is urgent. There is growing evidence that demonstrates a key role for dysfunctional energy metabolism in driving the onset of depression; thus, bioenergetic alterations should be extensively studied. Brain metabolism is known to be a glucocorticoid-sen…
- PMC Free PDF
- The Role of Glucocorticoids in Breast Cancer Therapy. [Review]
- Glucocorticoids (GCs) are anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive steroid molecules secreted by the adrenal gland and regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. GCs present a circadian release pattern under normal conditions; they increase their release under stress conditions. Their mechanism of action can be via the receptor-independent or receptor-dependent pathway. The recept…
- PMC Free PDF
- Glucocorticoids and medroxyprogesterone acetate synergize with inflammatory stimuli to selectively upregulate CCL20 transcription. [Journal Article]
- The pro-inflammatory cytokine, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20), is emerging as a therapeutic target for immune-based therapies. Cooperative regulation of CCL20 by glucocorticoids and progestins used in endocrine therapy and pro-inflammatory mediators could modulate immune function and affect disease outcomes. We show that glucocorticoids as well as medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), the p…
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) inhibit cytochrome P450 CYP3A7 through direct coordination to the heme iron and water displacement. [Journal Article]J Inorg Biochem. 2023 Mar; 240:112120.JI
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a chemical class of highly stable, fluorinated compounds popular for use in a variety of consumer products. PFAS environmental persistence in drinking water contributes to acute exposure in humans and subsequent bioaccumulation of the compounds in the liver and lung tissue. Prenatal PFAS exposure has been associated with lowered birth weight, prematu…
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Risk Factors for Refractory Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Pneumonitis in Patients With Lung Cancer. [Journal Article]J Immunother. 2023 Feb-Mar 01; 46(2):64-73.JI
- Checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) is one of the most important immune checkpoint inhibitors side effects, and it is rare but fatal. Identifying patients at risk of refractory CIP before the start of CIP therapy is important for controlling CIP. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 60 patients with lung cancer who developed CIP. Refractory CIP was defined as CIP with poor …
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Localization diagnosis of adrenocorticotrophic hormone-dependent Cushing's syndrome: two case reports and literature review. [Case Reports]Ann Palliat Med. 2022 Dec; 11(12):3804-3817.AP
- CONCLUSIONS: The differentiation between CD and EAS should be comprehensively evaluated in combination with the medical history, function tests, pituitary MRI, and other tests. If the function test results are discordant or pituitary MRI shows the lesion diameter is less than 6 mm, BIPSS should be further performed to confirm the diagnosis. The lesions of EAS are complex and diverse, and it is necessary to pay attention to imaging examinations of the neck-to-pelvis to locate lesion and provide direction for subsequent treatment.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- [Low dosed prednisolone in older patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. [Journal Article]Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2022 Nov 30; 166NT
- Glucocorticoids are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis since many decades. Glucocorticoids are proven effective in decreasing inflammatory activity of this disease and in retarding the progression of erosive joint damage. However, they also have multiple possible adverse effects, which are depending on dose and duration of treatment. Due to increasing treatment options (i.e. biologic a…
- Cytokine release syndrome induced by pembrolizumab: A case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first case of delirium and CRS that occurred twice in a short period of time. This patient had no immune-related adverse reactions during the previous 9 immunotherapy sessions. This adverse reaction occurred after the inflammation of the wisdom teeth and was presumed to be related to an overstimulation of the immune response due to infection. Premature discontinuation of hormones for the patient's 1st treatment of CRS may be the reason for the 2nd occurrence of CRS. Therefore, timely and full course of glucocorticosteroids is a key therapeutic measure to cause CRS after the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
- PMC Free PDF
- Glucocorticoids for croup in children. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: The evidence that glucocorticoids reduce symptoms of croup at two hours, shorten hospital stays, and reduce the rate of return visits or (re)admissions has not changed in this update. A smaller dose of 0.15 mg/kg of dexamethasone may be as effective as the standard dose of 0.60 mg/kg. More RCTs are needed to strengthen the evidence for effectiveness of low-dose dexamethasone at 0.15 mg/kg to treat croup.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Delivery of Dexamethasone to the Round Window Niche by Saturated Gelatin Sponge for Refractory Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Preliminary Study. [Journal Article]Otol Neurotol. 2023 Feb 01; 44(2):e63-e67.ON
- CONCLUSIONS: Delivery of DSP to the round window niche via saturated gelatin sponge is a simple and feasible way to treat refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss with a risk of permanent tympanic membrane perforation.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Simultaneous Measurement of Cortisol, Cortisone, Dexamethasone and Additional Exogenous Corticosteroids by Rapid and Sensitive LC-MS/MS Analysis. [Journal Article]
- The simultaneous measurement of dexamethasone and cortisol has proven the ability to increase the diagnostic performance of the overnight dexamethasone-suppression test. Furthermore, the therapeutic drug monitoring of administered corticosteroid drugs could represent a crucial tool for investigating unexpected variations of steroid hormones' circulating levels. In this work, an LC-MS/MS method fo…
- PMC Free PDF
- Treatment escalation patterns to start biologics in refractory moderate juvenile dermatomyositis among members of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Most respondents favored starting a biologic earlier in disease course after trialing up to two conventional DMARDs, specifically including methotrexate. There was a clear preference for rituximab. However, there remains a dearth of prospective data comparing biologics in refractory JDM. These findings underscore the need for biologic consensus treatment plans (CTPs) for refractory JDM, which will ultimately facilitate comparative effectiveness studies and inform treatment practices.
- PMC Free PDF
- Dexamethasone for Cocaine-Induced Cardio-Auditory Syndrome. [Letter]Am J Ther. 2023 Jan-Feb 01; 30(1):e85-e87.AJ
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Development of a web tool to calculate the cumulative dose of glucocorticoids. [Journal Article]Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed). 2023 Jan; 19(1):1-5.RC
- CONCLUSIONS: This tool simplifies and standardizes the glucocorticoids cumulative dose calculation, thereby minimizing bias in the assessment of glucocorticoid cumulative dose.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Randomized control trial of prednisolone and doxycycline in patients with acute interstitial nephritis of unknown aetiology. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- CONCLUSIONS: Prednisolone and doxycycline were not beneficial for the earliest presentation of CKDu at 6 months. However, there is a potential benefit of prednisolone on the long-term outcome of CKDu. An adequately powered steroid trial using patients reaching < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 eGFR by 3 years, as an outcome is warranted for AIN of unknown aetiology.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- [Chronic psychological stress exacerbates aortic medial calcification via glucocorticoids]. [Journal Article]Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2022 Dec 25; 74(6):927-938.SL
- Chronic psychological stress can promote vascular diseases, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. This study aims to explore the effects and mechanism of chronic psychological stress on aortic medial calcification (AMC). Rat arterial calcification model was established by nicotine gavage in combination with vitamin D3 (VitD3) intramuscular injection, and rat model of chronic psychological str…
- Bilateral adrenal and pulmonary haemorrhages as an initial presentation of polycythaemia vera. [Case Reports]BMJ Case Rep. 2022 Dec 08; 15(12)BC
- We report a case of a man in his early 60s presenting with bilateral adrenal and pulmonary haemorrhages as an initial presentation of polycythaemia vera (PV). Symptomatology included severe compressive chest pain radiating to epigastrium, with unremarkable physical findings, parameters and ECG. Blood investigations showed an elevated haemoglobin (174 g/L, reference range (RR): 141-172g/L) and hae…
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Comparison of topical steroids versus adjunctive intracameral triamcinolone versus posterior subtenon triamcinolone in pediatric cataract surgery. [Randomized Controlled Trial]Indian J Ophthalmol. 2023 Jan; 71(1):119-123.IJ
- CONCLUSIONS: In pediatric cataracts, outcomes were better with PST tricort and the adjunctive I/C tricort compared to postoperative topical prednisolone, for modulating postoperative inflammation.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Glucocorticoid tapering and associated outcome in patients with newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus: the real-world GULP prospective observational study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Tapering PDN <5 mg/day was achieved and maintained in half of newly diagnosed patients with SLE and may represent a good balance between the need to prevent damage accrual and the risk of disease relapse.
- PMC Free PDF
- Do new drugs for diabetic macular edema offer a safer option? [Journal Article]Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2022 Dec; 21(12):1453-1457.EO
- The last decade has witnessed important advances in retinal drug discovery, administered intravitreally, allowing high intraocular concentration and low systemic passage. However, local and systemic adverse events have been described and should be discussed before proposing treatment. In diabetes mellitus specifically, the choice of molecule and treatment regimen should limit the therapeutic burd…
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- A 14-Year-Old Saudi Boy with Gynecomastia, Cushing Syndrome, Large-Cell Calcifying Sertoli Cell Tumor of the Testis, and Carney Complex. [Case Reports]
- BACKGROUND Carney complex (CNC) is a rare multiple neoplasia syndrome with autosomal dominant inheritance. CNC is frequently misdiagnosed owing to its diverse clinical characteristics. We reported the case of a 14-year-old Saudi boy with a history of gynecomastia, Cushing syndrome, large-cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor of the testis, and CNC. CASE REPORT The patient was referred to the pediatr…
- PMC Free PDF