- Cyanoacrylate glue foreign body after CT-guided localization of a pulmonary nodule during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: There is a risk of complications from iatrogenic airway foreign bodies for preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules by injecting cyanoacrylate glue.
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- Clinical features and risk factors of plastic bronchitis caused by refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a practical nomogram prediction model. [Journal Article]Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Jan 12 [Online ahead of print]EJ
- CONCLUSIONS: The nomogram model constructed in this study based on five risk factors (persistent fever before bronchoscopy, extrapulmonary complications, pleural effusion, cough duration, and LDH levels) prior to bronchoscopy can be used for the early identification of RMPP-induced PB.
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- A Retrospective Study of Patients Undergoing Palliative Radiotherapy for Airway Obstruction due to Lung Cancer. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Palliative EBRT might be an important option for non-curative lung cancer patients with MAO.
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- Infant in extremis: respiratory failure secondary to lower airway infantile hemangioma. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: While IH is a rare cause of infantile respiratory distress, we present multiple pearls for the general pediatrician for management of IHs of the airway.
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- Successful management of congenital bronchial web in an adolescent using bronchoscopic ablation: A case report and review of literature. [Case Reports]
- Airway webs are abnormal fibrous membranes in the airway lumen that rarely occur but can lead to serious or even life-threatening symptoms because of critical airway obstruction. Airway webs can be acquired or congenital. Acquired webs are likely to be secondary to trauma, infections, or neoplasm. Congenital laryngeal, subglottic and tracheal webs present early in infancy or childhood and are mor…
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- Bronchial Leiomyoma: Importance of Preoperative Biopsy for Lung Preserving Surgery. [Case Reports]
- Tracheobronchial leiomyoma is a rare tumor of the airway. They arise from the lower respiratory tract tissue of the bronchi, trachea, and lung. Symptomatology is based on the degree of endoluminal bronchial obstruction, and surgical resection is generally the mainstay of treatment. We present the case of a 33-year-old male who suffered from chronic cough and breathlessness for two years caused by…
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- Effects of Benralizumab on Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Analysis in Severe Eosinophilic Asthma. [Journal Article]Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2022 Dec 05 [Online ahead of print]IA
- CONCLUSIONS: The data suggested that benralizumab has the potential to improve airway wall thickening and ventilation by alleviating the obstruction and clearing an obstructed airway.
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- Overall Survival of Small-cell Lung Cancer Patients With Malignant Central Airway Obstruction Who Received Chemotherapy Without Undergoing Transbronchial Interventions: A Single-institution Retrospective Study. [Journal Article]Anticancer Res. 2022 Dec; 42(12):6113-6119.AR
- CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of SCLC patients with MCAO who receive chemotherapy without undergoing TBI is not inferior to that of SCLC patients without MCAO.
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- Ventilation challenge in rigid bronchoscopy: Laser tube as an alternative management in patients with lung cancer and central airway obstruction. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The use of the laser tube allows the monitoring of gas exchange, which controls hypoxemia. Thanks to the double cuff put distally to the tracheal obstruction or in the contralateral bronchus to the obstructed one, the laser tube prevents the flooding of blood from debulking below the stenosis. Rigid bronchoscopy with laser tube will expand its use in the future.
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- Central airway obstruction from lymphomatoid granulomatosis treated with an endobronchial stent. [Case Reports]
- Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LG) is an extremely rare disease and is an unusual cause of central airway obstruction (CAO) with no standard of treatment in these conditions. LG is characterized by angioinvasion and angioinfiltration along with lymphohistiocytic cells. We present a 21-year-old female with LG who developed endobronchial lesions causing malignant CAO and acute hypoxic respiratory fai…
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- The characteristics of foreign bodies aspirated by children across different continents: A comparative review. [Review]Pediatr Pulmonol. 2023 Feb; 58(2):408-424.PP
- CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of standardized reporting systems and organized guidelines in pediatric FBA. To select the ideal time for endoscopies and create educational programs, a collaboration between experienced researchers, pediatric pulmonologists, radiologists, and otolaryngologists is required.
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- StatPearls: Laryngotracheal Stenosis [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is a narrowing of the upper airway between the larynx and the trachea with potentially devastating consequences, including respiratory failure, cardiopulmonary arrest, and death. The upper airway is comprised of the larynx, glottis, subglottic region, and trachea. The trachea is a cylindrical-shaped tube with an anterior cartilaginous wall formed by c-shaped rings a…
- Temporary stenting in a case of bronchomalacia due to relapsing polychondritis. [Case Reports]
- Airway involvement in relapsing polychondritis (RP) can often be debilitating and life threatening. Interventional procedures such as stenting can be useful to improve airway stenosis. This case was diagnosed with RP with a circumferential obstruction at the left main bronchus. We determined that a silicone airway stent would be placed. The silicone stent was removed after 22 months due to granul…
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- Pediatric respiratory tract foreign bodies in children: A systematic review. [Journal Article]Auris Nasus Larynx. 2022 Oct 25 [Online ahead of print]AN
- CONCLUSIONS: FBs obstructive conditions in respiratory tract of children are serious and life-threatening conditions. The likelihood of death depends on the location of the obstruction, the nature of FB, time to removal, and initial resuscitation. Moreover, even after a FB has been removed, complications can lead to death. Educating parents and immediate treatment is very important. Rapid diagnosis is important factor to prevent complication.
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- The clinical application of flexible bronchoscopy in a neonatal intensive care unit. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Flexible bronchoscopy is safe and effective for diagnosing and differentiating neonatal respiratory disorders in neonatal intensive care units.
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- Application of Bronchoscopic TransParenchymal Nodule Access in tuberculous bronchial occlusion. [Journal Article]
- Bronchoscopic TransParenchymal Nodule Access (BTPNA) technology is mainly used for sampling or ablative treatment of lung parenchymal lesions that cannot be reached by bronchoscopy and its appendages, generally for palliative treatment of some lung tumors. We used BTPNA to treat a 32-year-old young woman with pulmonary tuberculosis and successfully perforated her occluded left main bronchus. Her …
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- Fibrosing Mediastinits Causing Obstruction of Left Lower Lobar Bronchus: A Pediatric Case Report. [Case Reports]
- Fibrosing mediastinitis is a rare benign disorder characterized by the proliferation of dense fibrous tissue within the mediastinum. It typically manifests as localized or infiltrative soft-tissue masses in the middle mediastinum or hilar area, which cause compression and encasement of adjacent mediastinal structures, such as the vessels or airway. Here, we report a rare case of fibrosing mediast…
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- Tracheobronchopathia Osteochondroplastica: A Rare, Underrecognized Entity. [Case Reports]
- Tracheobronchopathia Osteochondroplastica (TO) is an extremely rare condition characterized by the presence of nodules made of bone and cartilage within the submucosa of the tracheobronchial wall. These protuberant nodules inside the trachea and bronchi can lead to airway obstruction, resulting in patients who experience recurrent respiratory systems and infections. The exact etiology is unknown.…
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- [Plastic bronchitis]. [Case Reports]Ugeskr Laeger. 2022 09 12; 184(37)UL
- Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare disease caused by abnormal lymphatic vessels in the thorax. These vessels drain into the bronchi creating solid casts and potential life-threatening airway obstruction. This is a case report of a 30-year-old man diagnosed with PB after several years of extensive examinations due to symptoms misconceived as non-allergic asthma. We describe the first interventional…
- Traumatic injuries to the trachea and bronchi: a narrative review. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: Definitive diagnosis of traumatic tracheo-bronchial injuries usually involves direct visualization through liberal use of bronchoscopy in addition to cross-sectional imaging to evaluate for associated injuries, notably to the great vessels and esophagus. Important considerations for management include concerns for airway obstruction, uncontrolled air leak, and mediastinitis. Early repair of injuries recognized acutely is favored in attempts to prevent the development of airway stenosis. Key operative principles include exposure, conservative debridement to preserve length when possible, creation of a tension-free anastomosis, preservation of the blood supply, and creation of a tracheostomy, particularly in polytrauma patients. An interposition muscle flap is also required, specifically in the setting of combined esophageal and airway injuries. Patients with penetrating injuries tend to have more favorable outcomes, possibly on account of fewer concomitant injuries. Selective non-operative management is also an option in the subset of patients with iatrogenic injuries to the posterior membranous wall of the trachea, and includes broad-spectrum antibiotics and surveillance bronchoscopy.
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- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for lung cancer-related life-threatening hypoxia: A case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: ECMO is a potential bridge therapy for respiratory failure in patients with central airway obstruction secondary to lung cancer.
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- StatPearls: Nasopharyngeal Airway [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- Basic airway management in both the pediatric and adult populations includes assessing and managing airway patency, oxygen delivery, and ventilation. All efforts should be taken to maintain a patient’s airway via non-invasive methodology unless indications for invasive airway management are apparent. Non-invasive airway supplementation includes passive oxygenation (nasal cannula, non-rebreather, …
- Muscarinic receptor M3 activation promotes fibrocytes contraction. [Journal Article]
- Fibrocytes are monocyte-derived cells able to differentiate into myofibroblasts-like cells. We have previously shown that they are increased in the bronchi of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients and associated to worse lung function. COPD is characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction, partly due to an increased cholinergic environment. Our goal was to investigate muscarin…
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- Cryotherapy in the paediatric airway: Indications, success and safety. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: In this largest paediatric case collection to date, cryotherapy was safe and carried a high success rate. Cryobiopsy compares favourably to the widely used forceps biopsy and could replace it in the future. Paediatric bronchoscopists are encouraged to add cryotherapy to their armamentarium of airway interventions.
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- Successful management of recurrent allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis after changing from mepolizumab to dupilumab: A case report. [Case Reports]
- An 81-year-old woman presented to our hospital due to an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray and a 4-week-old persistent cough. Laboratory examination revealed increased serum eosinophils and immunoglobulin E. The Asthma Control Test (ACT) score and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec indicated airway obstruction. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed mucoid impaction in the dilated left-lingular lo…
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- When bronchoscopy does not suffice for airway foreign body removal: a series of cases requiring tracheotomy. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Foreign body aspiration is an otorhinolaryngologic emergency that can rapidly prove fatal if not well-handled. Though most cases can be dealt with by traditional approaches, a proportion of the cases may prove challenging and need a quick tailoring of response according to the situation at hand. An approach combining tracheotomy with the traditional bronchoscopic approach is one such way and in well-selected cases, can have a significant impact on the outcome; sometimes even in terms of life and death.
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- Airway management in penetrating thoracic trauma. [Review]Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther. 2022; 54(3):253-261.AI
- Penetrating thoracic trauma accounts for 20-25% of all deaths due to trauma in the first four decades of life. About 33% of deaths from thoracic trauma occur due to penetrating trauma. In an autopsy study that enrolled 1178 trauma patients, 82% of the patients with tracheobronchial injuries died at the incidence site. In another study, 30% of those who could be transferred to the hospital died. T…
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- Management of life-threatening malignant central airway obstruction: A novel approach of using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with tumor debulking and stenting. [Case Reports]
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an artificial lung or heart used to oxygenate and circulate blood. Veno-venous ECMO is most commonly used as an emergency therapy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but it has the potential to be useful in other respiratory-related diseases. We report a case where ECMO successfully allowed for interventional pulmonary procedu…
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- A simple and practical intraoperative ventilation technique for uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic tracheal reconstruction: a case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: Our technique proves to be safe and feasible for selected patients with tracheal tumors, and can be a practical choice for medical centers that are not equipped with HFJV or ECMO.
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- A novel iridoid glycoside leonuride (ajugol) attenuates airway inflammation and remodeling through inhibiting type-2 high cytokine/chemokine activity in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. [Journal Article]Phytomedicine. 2022 Oct; 105:154345.P
- CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed the therapeutic efficacy of leonuride in experimental chronic asthma for the first time, and implied that its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties might be mediated by regulation of type-2 high cytokine/chemokines responses.
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