- Akathisia after chronic usage of synthetic cathinones: A case study. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: The current case suggests that besides cocaine, amphetamines and methamphetamines, synthetic cathinones can also increase the risk for development of extrapyramidal symptoms such as akathisia. Especially a-PVP-analogs as used by the current patient and Pyrovalerone-analogs such as Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) are very powerful dopamine reuptake-inhibitors which might lead to strong locomotor activation. Up to this day it remains very difficult to establish a guideline concerning the treatment of intoxication with synthetic cathinones or dependence thereof.
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- Time until modification of antiparkinsonian therapy in a group of patients from Colombia. [Journal Article]Rev Neurol. 2023 01 01; 76(1):1-8.RN
- CONCLUSIONS: After five years of treatment, 63.5% of the patients with Parkinson's disease required modifications to their therapy, with a mean time of three years. Male sex, age over 65 years, and receiving initial therapy with amantadine affected the likelihood of switching therapy in these patients in Colombia.
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- Antitumor Effect of Traditional Drugs for Neurological Disorders: Preliminary Studies in Neural Tumor Cell Lines. [Journal Article]
- Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite new treatments developed including immunomodulation using vaccines and cell therapies, mortality remains high due to the resistance mechanisms presented by these tumor cells and the function of the blood-brain barrier that prevents the entry of most drugs. In this context of searching for new glioblastoma …
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- Pharmacological Treatments for Cocaine Craving: What Is the Way Forward? A Systematic Review. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: There is a direct association between craving and cocaine use, underscoring craving as an important treatment target for promoting abstinence among persons with cocaine use disorder. Clonidine, fenfluramine and m-CPP showed to be promising medications for cocaine craving in the short-term treatment, and amphetamine, biperiden, carbamazepine, lisdexamfetamine, lorcaserin, methamphetamine, mirtazapine, pioglitazone, progesterone, guanfacine, levodopa, nefazodone in the long-term treatment.
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- Novel Chromone-Containing Allylmorpholines Induce Anxiolytic-like and Sedative Effects in Adult Zebrafish. [Journal Article]
- Chromone-containing allylmorpholines (CCAMs) are a novel class of compounds that have demonstrated acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase-inhibiting and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-blocking properties in vitro, but their in vivo pharmacological activity remains underexplored. In this work, we evaluated the psychotropic activity of five different CCAMs (1 (9a), 2 (9j), 3 (9l), 4 (33a), and 5 …
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- Biperiden for prevention of post-traumatic epilepsy: A protocol of a double-blinded placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial (BIPERIDEN trial). [Journal Article]
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most important causes of acquired structural epilepsy, post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), however, efficient preventative measures and treatment are still not available to patients. Preclinical studies indicated biperiden, an anticholinergic drug, as a potential drug to modify the epileptogenic process. The main objective of this clinical trial is to evaluat…
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- Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat improves spatial memory in mice via peripheral mechanisms. [Journal Article]Neurosci Lett. 2022 09 25; 788:136840.NL
- Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) - cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling is important for healthy memory function and a healthy vascular system. Targeting sGC-cGMP signalling can therefore be a potential strategy to enhance memory processes. sGC can be targeted by using agonists, such as sGC stimulator riociguat. Therefore, this study aimed to target sGC using riociguat to investigate i…
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- Prolonged extrapyramidal symptoms induced by long-term, intermittent administration of low-dose olanzapine along with metoclopramide for emesis: A case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: Long-term, intermittent administration of low-dose antipsychotics with other antiemetics having D2 receptor antagonism can cause prolonged EPS. Especially in cancer patients, who often require polypharmacy, clinicians should consider exacerbated adverse effects due to drug interactions.
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- Cholinergic models of memory impairment in animals and man: scopolamine vs. biperiden. [Journal Article]
- Scopolamine has been used as a pharmacologic model for cognitive impairments in dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The validity of this model seems to be limited because findings in animals do not readily translate to novel treatments in humans. Biperiden is also a cholinergic deficit model for cognitive impairments but specifically blocks muscarinic M1 receptors. The effects of scopolamine and bi…
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- Auditory mismatch responses are differentially sensitive to changes in muscarinic acetylcholine versus dopamine receptor function. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- The auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) has been proposed as a biomarker of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction in schizophrenia. Such dysfunction may be caused by aberrant interactions of different neuromodulators with NMDARs, which could explain clinical heterogeneity among patients. In two studies (N = 81 each), we used a double-blind placebo-controlled between-subject design to systematically te…
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- Misuse of Anticholinergic Medications: A Systematic Review. [Review]
- (1) Background: Over the last decade, misuse and diversion of medications has appeared to be increasingly concerning phenomena, including a range of different molecules. As current knowledge on the abuse of centrally acting anticholinergics is limited, the aim of the present study is to review the relevant published data, focusing on the following molecules: benztropine, biperiden, scopolamine, o…
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- Metoclopramide-induced Acute Dystonia Misdiagnosed as an Epileptic Seizure in a Lupus Patient. [Case Reports]
- Acute dystonic reactions are the most prevalent extrapyramidal adverse effects associated with metoclopramide. It could be mistaken for a variety of other conditions, such as seizures, tetanus, and encephalitis, to name a few possibilities. We present a case of a 26-year-old female misdiagnosed as having an epileptic seizure who was rushed to the emergency unit with an involuntary bilateral upwar…
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- Metoclopramide induced acute dystonic reaction: A case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: Metoclopramide can cause unpredictable acute dystonic reactions. This can be life-threatening and should be detected early. Extrapyramidal side effects should be monitored in patients on metoclopramide since a single dose can cause these symptoms. This case highlights an acute dystonic reaction following the administration of a metoclopromide injection.
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- [Sulpiride induced dystonia in a patient with Tourette syndrome. A stroke-mimicking presentation]. [Case Reports]Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2022 Jan; 90(1-02):60-62.FN
- We present a case of a 23-year-old male Caucasian patient admitted to the emergency department because of an acute onset of difficulty of articulation, weakness of the left arm, throat- and neck pain. An emergency CT & MRI of the brain showed no abnormalities. The Patient had started visiting a new neurologist three weeks before admission and received Sulpiride against Tourette syndrome (TS) in a…
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- Switching from blonanserin oral tablets/powders to transdermal patches alleviates extrapyramidal symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: A 52-week open-label study. [Randomized Controlled Trial]Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2022 03 08; 113:110470.PN
- Blonanserin is a second-generation antipsychotic for the treatment of schizophrenia. Blonanserin has two different routes of administration: oral tablets/powder and transdermal patches. The aim of this study was to investigate as a post-hoc analysis of an original study whether switching from blonanserin tablets/powders to transdermal patches would reduce extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and/or the …
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- LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Parkinson Disease Agents [BOOK]LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: Bethesda (MD)BOOK
- Parkinson disease is a progressive neurological condition characterized by slowness and paucity of movement (bradykinesia), muscle rigidity, resting tremors, and disordered posture. The onset is typically in the 6th or 7th decade of life with slow progression to akinesia, severe tremors, physical disability and death within 10 to 25 years of initial symptoms. Parkinson disease is common and affec…
- Selected Molecular Targets for Antiepileptogenesis. [Review]
- The term epileptogenesis defines the usually durable process of converting normal brain into an epileptic one. The resistance of a significant proportion of patients with epilepsy to the available pharmacotherapy prompted the concept of a causative treatment option consisting in stopping or modifying the progress of epileptogenesis. Most antiepileptic drugs possess only a weak or no antiepileptog…
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- Bicaudal-C protein, a potential antidepressant target. [Review]Neuroreport. 2021 11 02; 32(16):1293-1298.N
- Bicaudal-C protein is a highly conserved RNA binding protein, which contains K homology domains and sterile alpha motif domain. Genome-wide association study identified that Bicaudal-C protein was associated with depression. The expression of Bicaudal-C increased in depression patients, also increased expression of Bicaudal-C induces the behavior of depression. The decrease of synaptic plasticity…
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- The antimuscarinic agent biperiden selectively impairs recognition of abstract figures without affecting the processing of non-words. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- CONCLUSIONS: Although biperiden may model age-related deficits in episodic memory, the current findings indicate that biperiden does not mimic age-related deficits in recognition performance.
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- Review of medicine utilization for Parkinson's disease management: the Bulgarian perspective. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the treatment approaches used in the last decade comply with guideline recommendations, despite variations in levodopa and dopamine agonist utilization. Even though new medicines have been approved for PD management, levodopa-containing products are still most often prescribed and used worldwide.
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- [A toddler with status dystonicus due to medication]. [Case Reports]Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2021 06 08; 165NT
- CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of SD encompasses elimination or treatment of the trigger, stabilization of vital functions, possible administration of sedatives and dystonia specific medication. Metoclopramide holds a relatively high risk for extrapyramidal complications (1-10%) and dystonia (0.1-1.5%), even within therapeutic range. The use of anti-emetics with less alarming side effect profiles, for example ondansetron, is recommended.
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Associated with Atypical Antipsychotics: A Case Report. [Case Reports]Rev Colomb Psiquiatr (Engl Ed). 2021 Jul 06 [Online ahead of print]RC
- CONCLUSIONS: Atypical antipsychotics are rarely suspected of generating NMS. Moreover, the time to reintroduction after an episode must also be taken into account.
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- Childhood dystonic reactions in the middle Black Sea region. [Journal Article]
- Acute dystonic reactions are a worrying reason for presentation to the pediatric emergency department and the pediatric neurology clinic in childhood. It must be diagnosed and treated quickly. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical presentations, etiological factors, and prognosis of patients presenting to our regional tertiary pediatric neurology clinic with a diagnosis of acute dysto…
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- Screening of pharmaceuticals in coastal waters of the southern coast of Viti Levu in Fiji, South Pacific. [Journal Article]
- The global reliance on pharmaceuticals coupled with the lack of effective treatment methods has resulted in pseudo-persistence of pharmaceuticals within the environment. Globally, efforts to quantify and monitor pharmaceuticals within the environment have been well underway, however few studies have been made within small Pacific Islands. This study aims at screening for the occurrence and concen…
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- Biperiden Challenge Model in Healthy Elderly as Proof-of-Pharmacology Tool: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- Selective M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonists are being developed as symptomatic treatment for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders that lead to cognitive dysfunction. Demonstrating cognition-enhancing effects in early-phase clinical development in healthy subjects is difficult. A challenge with the M1 mAChR antagonist biperiden could be used to demonstrate procognit…
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- Off-label use of second-generation antipsychotics in borderline personality disorder: a comparative real-world study among oral and long-acting injectables in Spain. [Journal Article]Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2021 07 01; 36(4):201-207.IC
- The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of oral vs. long-acting injectables (LAIs) antipsychotics, as well as, to compare the effectiveness of different LAI antipsychotics [aripiprazole-1-month, paliperidone-1-month (PP1M), paliperidone-3-month (PP3M) and risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI)] in patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD), by evaluating the fol…
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- Study on the interaction of three classical drugs used in psychiatry in albumin through spectrofluorimetric modeling. [Journal Article]Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2021 Jul 05; 255:119638.SA
- Comparative study of haloperidol (HPD), biperiden (BPD) and clonazepam (CNZ) interactions with human and bovine serum albumin was performed based on fluorescence quenching analysis. We used mathematical modeling comparing spectrofluorimetric data to obtain information on the possibility of competition among three drugs by sites binding. Results showed that the three drugs studied have high affini…
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- Different antimuscarinics when combined with atomoxetine have differential effects on obstructive sleep apnea severity. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- The combination of the noradrenergic agent atomoxetine plus the antimuscarinic oxybutynin has recently been shown to improve upper airway physiology and reduce obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity. However, the effects of different antimuscarinics when combined with atomoxetine is limited. This study aimed to determine the effects of atomoxetine combined with two different antimuscarinics with …
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- Two decades of research towards a potential first anti-epileptic drug. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- The basic mechanisms by which brain insults, such as trauma, stroke or status epilepticus produce epilepsy are not completely understood, and effective preventive measures and treatment are still not available in the clinical setting. Over the last 2 decades we have conducted several studies with animal models of epilepsy (rodents and non-human primates) and demonstrated that drugs that modify ne…
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- Current use of anticholinergic medications in a large naturalistic sample of psychiatric patients. [Journal Article]
- Due to the high number of psychotropic drugs with anticholinergic potential, patients taking psychotropic drugs are at high risk for anticholinergic adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and type of pharmacodynamic anticholinergic drug-drug interactions in psychiatric patients. The retrospective longitudinal analysis used data from a large pharmacovigi…
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