- Insights in the maturational processes influencing hydrocortisone pharmacokinetics in congenital adrenal hyperplasia patients using a middle-out approach. [Journal Article]Front Pharmacol. 2022; 13:1090554.FP
- Introduction: Hydrocortisone is the standard of care in cortisol replacement therapy for congenital adrenal hyperplasia patients. Challenges in mimicking cortisol circadian rhythm and dosing individualization can be overcome by the support of mathematical modelling. Previously, a non-linear mixed-effects (NLME) model was developed based on clinical hydrocortisone pharmacokinetic (PK) pediatric an…
- PMC Free PDF
- Refractory Cardiogenic Shock Secondary to Acute Myocarditis in a Child with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with COVID-19: A Case Report. [Journal Article]
- Children with Coronavirus disease 2019 infection usually have mild symptoms but rarely may present with a life-threatening condition called a multisystem inflammatory syndrome. We report a case of COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an 8-year-old boy who presented with cardiogenic shock due to acute myocarditis with no features of Kawasaki disease. Cardiogenic shock was refracto…
- PMC Free PDF
- Cumulative trauma predicts hair cortisol concentrations and symptoms of depression and anxiety in pregnant women-an investigation of community samples from Greece, Spain and Perú. [Journal Article]
- Exposure to traumatic experiences across lifespan shapes the functioning of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and sets individuals at risk to develop symptoms of depression and anxiety. Particularly, HPA axis regulation and the psychological health of the expectant mother have been of interest, as the health of the unborn child may be affected through changes in gestational biology. T…
- PMC Free PDF
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated hypophysitis: no place like home. [Journal Article]Clin Med (Lond). 2023 Jan; 23(1):81-84.CM
- Ambulatory emergency care forms a fundamental part of the strategy of trying to ensure safe and sustainable acute care services. Immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)-mediated hypophysitis is an important life-threatening complication of therapy. Patients presenting with clinical features and findings consistent with ICI-mediated hypophysitis were considered in the current study. In the absence of sev…
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Reporting of Social Determinants of Health in Pediatric Sepsis Studies. [Journal Article]Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2023 Jan 25 [Online ahead of print]PC
- CONCLUSIONS: We found overall low reporting of SDOH and marked variability in categorizations and definitions of SDOH variables. Consistent and standardized reporting of SDOH in pediatric sepsis studies is needed to understand the role these factors play in the development and severity of sepsis, to compare and extrapolate study results between settings and to implement policies aimed at improving socioeconomic conditions related to sepsis.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Pituitary Apoplexy With Pituitary Macroadenoma in a Patient With Asymptomatic COVID-19: A Case Report. [Case Reports]
- Pituitary apoplexy is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition that usually occurs in the setting of a pre-existing pituitary tumor, which may be undiagnosed. There are a growing number of reports describing the pituitary apoplexy associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We present the case of a 41-year-old man who presented with a gradually worsening headache for four days. …
- PMC Free PDF
- Life-Threatening Hypotension in a Brain-Injured, Multi-Trauma Patient With Unilateral Adrenal Gland Damage: How a Single Hydrocortisone Dose Revealed Relative Corticosteroid Insufficiency. [Case Reports]
- We report a case of a multi-trauma, brain-injured young patient with unilateral adrenal gland injury presenting with refractory shock. Acute adrenal insufficiency was revealed after an abrupt hemodynamic response to a corticosteroid; the resistant shock was quickly resolved with IV hydrocortisone. Although available data do not support the use of empiric steroids in trauma patients (with or witho…
- PMC Free PDF
- Corticosteroids to prevent renal scarring in children with pyelonephritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. [Review]J Nephrol. 2023 Jan 24 [Online ahead of print]JN
- CONCLUSIONS: We found moderate quality evidence that adjuvant corticosteroid treatment could prevent renal scarring. Adverse events were insufficiently reported, and more research on their effectiveness and harm is therefore needed before using corticosteroids in clinical settings.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Influence of sex on the requirement for and outcomes following late postnatal corticosteroid treatment. [Journal Article]Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Jan 24 [Online ahead of print]EJ
- There remains a disparity between the outcomes of male and female prematurely born infants. Our aim was to assess the influence of sex on the requirement for late (> 7 days) postnatal corticosteroid (PNS) treatment and the outcomes following treatment. A retrospective whole population study of infants born at less than 28 weeks of gestation in all neonatal units in England between 2014 and 2018. …
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- ACTH-independent production of 11-oxygenated androgens and glucocorticoids in an adrenocortical adenoma. [Case Reports]Eur J Endocrinol. 2022 Dec 01; 187(6):K39-K45.EJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Due to its rarity, biochemical and histologic characteristics of androgen and glucocorticoid co-secreting adrenocortical adenomas are largely unknown. Herein, we report a case of adrenocortical adenoma that caused marked hyperandrogenemia and mild autonomous cortisol secretion. In this study, we investigated serum steroid profiles using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and histologic characteristics of the resected tumor. LC-MS/MS revealed highly elevated levels of 11-oxygenated androgens which have not been well studied in adrenal tumors. The expression patterns of steroidogenic enzymes determined by immunohistochemistry supported the results of steroid profiling and suggested the capacity of the tumor cells to produce 11-oxygenated androgens. Measurement of 11-oxygenated steroids should facilitate a better understanding of androgen-producing adrenocortical neoplasms.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Glucocorticoid receptor expression in patients with cardiac arrest in the early period after the return of spontaneous circulation: a prospective observational single-centre study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that GR expression and cell counts rapidly decreased, whereas plasma total cortisol levels increased in the early period after ROSC among patients who experienced CA. Our findings provide important information about GR level and function, and immunosuppressive status in these patients. Assessing GR expression in patients who experienced CA may help screening for those who are more sensitive to GC therapy.
- PMC Free PDF
- [Steroid profiling characteristics in pediatrc adrenal diseases]. [Journal Article]Probl Endokrinol (Mosk). 2022 Nov 03; 68(6):110-120.PE
- CONCLUSIONS: Results of our study steroid profiling can be used as additional differential diagnosis method in patients with adrenocortical adenomas with or without hormonal hyperproduction (ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome and incidentaloma). Further studies are needed to identify steroid markers for subtyping pediatric adrenal diseases.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients: A retrospective study in Thailand. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The overall mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was 9%. The only factor associated with reduced mortality was admission to the ICU. Therefore, appropriate selection of patients for admission to the ICU, strategies to limit disease progression and prevent intubation, and early detection and prompt treatment of nosocomial infection can improve survival in these patients.
- PMC Free PDF
- Serum testosterone level correlates with left ventricular hypertrophy in older women. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Higher serum testosterone levels may contribute to pathological cardiac remodeling, especially in hypertensive women. Estradiol, gonadotropins, DHEAS, and cortisol were not related to echocardiographic parameters.
- PMC Free PDF
- Evaluation of hydrocortisone as a strain-dependent growth-regulator of Porphyromonasgingivalis. [Journal Article]Anaerobe. 2023 Jan 18; 80:102698.A
- CONCLUSIONS: HC could reduce the incubation time when isolating P. gingivalis from clinical samples and could boost low biomass cultivations especially during their lag-phase. The growth-modulating effect might be via modulation of virulence factors/quorum sensing gene expression or by reactive oxygen species(ROS)-capturing during early stages of bacterial growth. Further experiments are necessary to explain the mechanism behind our observations.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Combination of a Chaperone Synthesis Inducer and an Inhibitor of GAPDH Aggregation for Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study. [Journal Article]
- The recovery period after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often complicated by secondary damage that may last for days or even months after trauma. Two proteins, Hsp70 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), were recently described as modulating post-traumatic processes, and in this study, we test them as targets for combination therapy using an inhibitor of GAPDH aggregation (deriv…
- PMC Free PDF
- Cortisol Interaction with Aquaporin-2 Modulates Its Water Permeability: Perspectives for Non-Genomic Effects of Corticosteroids. [Journal Article]
- Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channels widely distributed in living organisms and involved in many pathophysiologies as well as in cell volume regulations (CVR). In the present study, based on the structural homology existing between mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs), glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), cholesterol consensus motif (CCM) and the extra-cellular vestibules of AQPs, we investigated the bin…
- PMC Free PDF
- Adrenal Dysfunction in Mitochondrial Diseases. [Review]
- Cortisol is central to several homeostatic mechanisms including the stress and immune response. Adrenal insufficiency and impaired cortisol production leads to severe, potentially fatal disorders. Several fundamental stages of steroidogenesis occur within the mitochondria. These dynamic organelles not only contribute ATP for steroidogenesis, but also detoxify harmful by-products generated during …
- PMC Free PDF
- The Effects of Combined Exposure to Simulated Microgravity, Ionizing Radiation, and Cortisol on the In Vitro Wound Healing Process. [Journal Article]
- Human spaceflight is associated with several health-related issues as a result of long-term exposure to microgravity, ionizing radiation, and higher levels of psychological stress. Frequent reported skin problems in space include rashes, itches, and a delayed wound healing. Access to space is restricted by financial and logistical issues; as a consequence, experimental sample sizes are often smal…
- PMC Free PDF
- Serum cortisol and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels in major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. [Journal Article]
- The pathophysiology underlying major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia is related to endocrine system functions and includes changes in the blood levels of cortisol and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). However, these hormones have not been investigated simultaneously in patients with MDD and schizophrenia. We investigated the differences in serum cortisol and IGF-1 levels among pat…
- PMC Free PDF
- The Role of Glucocorticoids in Breast Cancer Therapy. [Review]
- Glucocorticoids (GCs) are anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive steroid molecules secreted by the adrenal gland and regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. GCs present a circadian release pattern under normal conditions; they increase their release under stress conditions. Their mechanism of action can be via the receptor-independent or receptor-dependent pathway. The recept…
- PMC Free PDF
- Treatment of Hydatidiform Mole Suspected to COVID 19. [Case Reports]
- The aim of this study was to report a case of the treatment of hydatidiform mole in Coronavirus pandemic in Iranshahr. A 17-year-old primiparous woman with gestational age of 14 weeks presented with unilateral leg swelling and sudden abdominal distension beginning in the night before referring to the health center. In the abdominal examination of the patient by a healthcare provider, the baby's h…
- PMC Free PDF
- Cephradine-Induced Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Case Report of Treatment With Etanercept. [Case Reports]
- Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare yet life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) to various causative agents, including medications, vaccinations, infections, and malignancies, in addition to some other uncommon external stimuli. TEN is characterized by the sudden appearance of generalizeddusky erythematous targetoid macules with a purpuric center, which coalesces to form …
- PMC Free PDF
- Evaluation of stress among dental undergraduates and postgraduates using salivary cortisol as a biomarker. [Journal Article]Indian J Dent Res. 2022 Jul-Sep; 33(3):263-266.IJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Salivary cortisol is a non-invasive biomarker of stress. Postgraduates had higher salivary cortisol levels than other study groups.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Hypertension and Severe Hypokalemia Associated With Oral Ingestion of Topical Hydrocortisone Cream. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: Hydrocortisone cream was confirmed as the source of exogenous corticosteroid by an undetectable adrenocorticotropic hormone and rapid decrease in cortisol following discontinuation. Incorrect use of OTC medications can lead to life-threatening side effects.
- PMC Free PDF
- Modified-release hydrocortisone is associated with lower plasma renin activity in patients with salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia. [Journal Article]Eur J Endocrinol. 2023 Jan 19 [Online ahead of print]EJ
- CONCLUSIONS: 6 months of MR-HC therapy decreased PRA and increased sodium levels indicating a greater agonist action of the 9α-fluorocortisol dose, which may be due to the decreased levels of the MC-receptor antagonist 17OHP.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Effect of different odors on the fighting behavior of weaning piglets after merging into a large pen. [Journal Article]Anim Sci J. 2023; 94(1):e13809.AS
- In intensive pig production, the fighting behavior of weaning piglets after merging pens is relatively common. Fighting behavior not only easily causes injury in pigs but also affects the production performance of pigs. To reduce fighting behavior in farms, this study aimed to explore the possible effect of odorous substances on piglet fighting behavior after merging into a large pen. Six differe…
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- [Ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block improves sleep quality in elderly patients early after thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer: a randomized controlled study]. [Randomized Controlled Trial]Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2022 Dec 20; 42(12):1807-1814.NF
- CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided SGB improves objective and subjective sleep quality in elderly patients early after thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer to alleviate stress responses and sleep disorders, reduce postoperative hospital stay, and accelerate postoperative recovery of the patients.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Lack of sensitivity of diagnostic Cushing-scores in Germany: a multicenter validation. [Multicenter Study]Eur J Endocrinol. 2023 Jan 10; 188(1)EJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Both scores had limited sensitivity and high specificity in a German validation cohort. Further research is necessary to develop a screening score, which is effective in different healthcare systems and ethnicities.
- Publisher Full Text (DOI)
- Nile tilapia bones as eco-friendly alternative in water treatment and enhancing performance and immunity in broiler chickens. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Tilapia bone powder provided significant in-vitro adsorptive and antimicrobial actions, as well as supported the broiler chickens to mitigate the polluted water stress accompanied by enhanced performance, carcass quality, immunity, and intestinal microbiota.
- PMC Free PDF