- Letter: ductular reaction is a risk factor for prognosis of chronic hepatitis B complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. [Letter]Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Feb; 57(4):446-447.AP
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- Autoimmune Hepatitis Leading to Liver Cirrhosis: A Case Report. [Journal Article]
- Autoimmune hepatitis is a rare form of chronic liver inflammation that begins as acute hepatitis and progresses to chronic liver disease. It presents with varied clinical features from acute hepatitis to chronic liver diseases like chronic viral hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease, making it difficult to diagnose in the absence of a high index of suspicion and adequate laboratory support. Autoi…
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- Pharmacological modulation of ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. [Review]
- Liver fibrosis, which is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) materials (primarily fibrillar collagen-I), is an abnormal repair reaction and pathological outcome of chronic liver diseases caused by alcohol abuse, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and chronic hepatitis B and C virus infections. Liver fibrosis often progresses to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellula…
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- The Preventive and Therapeutic Potential of the Flavonoids in Liver Cirrhosis: Current and Future Perspectives. [Review]Chem Biodivers. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]CB
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may vary from moderately mild non-alcohol fatty liver (NAFL) towards the malignant variant known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is marked by fatty liver inflammation and may progress to liver cirrhosis (LC), liver cancer, fibrosis, or liver failure. Flavonoids can protect the liver from toxins through their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, …
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- Design of a multicenter randomized clinical trial for treatment of Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis. [Journal Article]Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2023 Apr; 32:101074.CC
- CONCLUSIONS: The study provided a direct comparison of the survival benefits and safety profiles of anakinra plus zinc vs. prednisone in patients with severe AH.
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- Extra-hepatic Morbidity and Mortality in Alcohol-related Liver Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. [Journal Article]Liver Int. 2023 Jan 24 [Online ahead of print]LI
- CONCLUSIONS: Persons with ALD are at high risk of death from non-liver causes such as cardiovascular disease and non-hepatic cancer.
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- Increasing liver stiffness is associated with higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C infection and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-A population-based study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective cohort, the incidence of HCC in HCV and NAFLD increases with higher TE liver stiffness measures, confirming that advanced fibrosis portends risk in viral and non-viral fibrotic liver diseases. Additional comparative studies are needed to determine the optimal cut point of TE liver stiffness to inform HCC screening guidelines and approaches.
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- Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of chronic liver disease questionnaire-nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a multicenter cross-sectional survey in China. [Journal Article]Qual Life Res. 2023 Jan 24 [Online ahead of print]QL
- CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese version of CLDQ-NAFLD is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the HRQL of Chinese patients with NAFLD.
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- Hepatic pIgR-mediated secretion of IgA limits bacterial translocation and prevents ethanol-induced liver disease in mice. [Journal Article]Gut. 2023 Jan 23 [Online ahead of print]Gut
- CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight that dysfunctional hepatic pIgR enhances alcohol-associated liver disease due to impaired antimicrobial defence by IgA in the gut.
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- Acute-on-chronic liver failure: Controversies and consensus. [Review]
- Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a poorly defined syndrome characterised by rapid clinical deterioration in patients with chronic liver disease. Consequences include high short-term morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilisation. ACLF encompasses a dysregulated, systemic inflammatory response, which can precipitate extra hepatic organ failures. Common precipitants include infec…
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- COVID-19 and liver injury: An ongoing challenge. [Review]
- The new coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified in December 2019, in Wuhan, China. The virus was rapidly spread worldwide, causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although COVID-19 is presented, usually, with typical respiratory symptoms (i.e., dyspnea, cough) and fever, extrapulmonary manifestations are also encountered. Liver injury …
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- PPAR agonists for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis: Old and new tales. [Review]
- Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease involving the small intrahepatic bile ducts; when untreated or undertreated, it may evolve to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA) is the standard of care treatment, Obeticholic Acid (OCA) has been approved as second-line therapy for those non responder or intolerant to UDCA. However, due to moderate rate of UDC…
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- Evolution of care in cirrhosis: Preventing hepatic decompensation through pharmacotherapy. [Review]
- Cirrhosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, impacting more than 120 million people worldwide. Although geographic differences exist, etiologic factors such as alcohol use disorder, chronic viral hepatitis infections, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are prevalent in nearly every region. Historically, significant effort has been devoted to modifying these risks to prevent disease…
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- Metabolic Role of Autophagy in the Pathogenesis and Development of NAFLD. [Review]
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of liver disease, ranging from simple steatosis to hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver fibrosis, which portends a poor prognosis in NAFLD, is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins resulting from abnormal wound repair response and metabolic disorders. Various m…
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- Risk of New-Onset Liver Injuries Due to COVID-19 in Preexisting Hepatic Conditions-Review of the Literature. [Review]
- The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) impacted the world and caused the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The clinical manifestations of the virus can vary from patient to patient, depending on their respective immune system and comorbidities. SARS-CoV-2 can affect patients through two mechanisms: directly by targeting specific receptors or by systemic mecha…
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- Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Liver-Associated Injuries, Management, and Current Challenges in COVID-19 Patients. [Review]
- The global outbreak of COVID-19 possesses serious challenges and adverse impacts for patients with progression of chronic liver disease and has become a major threat to public health. COVID-19 patients have a high risk of lung injury and multiorgan dysfunction that remains a major challenge to hepatology. COVID-19 patients and those with liver injury exhibit clinical manifestations, including ele…
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- Alcoholic liver disease in relation to cancer incidence and mortality: Findings from a large, matched cohort study in South Korea. [Journal Article]Cancer Med. 2023 Jan 18 [Online ahead of print]CM
- CONCLUSIONS: Our findings emphasize the need for a clinical surveillance program and the early detection of cancer in patients with alcoholic liver disease.
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- Meta-analysis: Enhanced liver fibrosis test to identify hepatic fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. [Review]Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Jan 17 [Online ahead of print]AP
- CONCLUSIONS: Meta-analysis revealed considerable variability in the ability of ELF to stage fibrosis across disease aetiologies. Research has mostly focused on viral hepatitis and NAFLD. There is currently a lack of data on the value of the ELF test in Alcohol-related liver disease and patients in primary care settings.
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- Significance of Fib4 index as an indicator of alcoholic hepatotoxicity in health examinations among Japanese male workers: a cross-sectional and retrospectively longitudinal study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The development of Fib4 ≥ 2.67 after 10 years was associated with heavy alcohol drinking and GGT level ≥ 200 IU/L. Therefore, Fib4 combined with GGT could indicate high risk of ALD. However, clinical examinations and course observations are essentially needed.
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- Histone methylation in pre-cancerous liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma: recent overview. [Review]Clin Transl Oncol. 2023 Jan 17 [Online ahead of print]CT
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the prevalent form of liver cancer in adults and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC predominantly arises in the context of cirrhosis as a result of chronic liver disease, injury and inflammation. Full-blown HCC has poor prognosis because it is highly aggressive and resistant to therapy. Consequently, interventions that can prevent…
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- [Developments in Research on the Relationship Between Porphyromonas gingivalis and Non-Oral Diseases]. [Review]Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2023 Jan; 54(1):20-26.SD
- Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a common periodontal pathogen. Recently, there has been increasing evidence suggesting that P. gingivalis is not only a common pathogen in the oral cavity, but is also closely associated with non-oral diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, premature b…
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- Spectrum, Screening, and Diagnosis of Alcohol-related Liver Disease. [Review]
- Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) represents one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease and is a major cause of liver-related deaths worldwide. ALD encompasses a range of disorders including simple steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients with underlying ALD and continued heavy alcohol consumption can also develop an episode of ac…
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- Liver Transplantation in Alcohol-related Liver Disease and Alcohol-related Hepatitis. [Review]
- Alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) remains one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease and the prevalence of alcohol-related cirrhosis is still increasing worldwide. Thus, ARLD is one of the leading indications for liver transplantation (LT) worldwide especially after the arrival of direct-acting antivirals for chronic hepatitis C infection. Despite the risk of alcohol relapse, the outco…
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- Artificial Intelligence in Hepatology- Ready for the Primetime. [Review]
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a mathematical process of computer mediating designing of algorithms to support human intelligence. AI in hepatology has shown tremendous promise to plan appropriate management and hence improve treatment outcomes. The field of AI is in a very early phase with limited clinical use. AI tools such as machine learning, deep learning, and 'big data' are in a continuous…
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- Emerging Pharmacotherapies in Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: A combination of therapies was investigated, possibly providing a synergistic effect of drugs with different mechanisms. Multiple clinical trials of novel therapies in AH remain ongoing. Their result could potentially make a difference in the clinical course of the disease. DUR-928 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor had promising results and further trials are ongoing to evaluate their efficacy in the large patient sample.
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- Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Alcohol Associated Liver Disease. [Review]
- Consumption of alcohol in excess leads to substantial medical, economic, and societal burdens. Approximately 5.3% of all global deaths may be attributed to alcohol consumption. Moreover, the burden of alcohol associated liver disease (ALD) accounts for 5.1% of all disease and injury worldwide. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) affects men more than women globally with significant years of life loss to d…
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- Unraveling the Emerging Niche Role of Hepatic Stellate Cell-derived Exosomes in Liver Diseases. [Review]
- Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play an essential role in various liver diseases, and exosomes are critical mediators of intercellular communication in local and distant microenvironments. Cellular crosstalk between HSCs and surrounding multiple tissue-resident cells promotes or inhibits the activation of HSCs. Substantial evidence has revealed that HSC-derived exosomes are involved in the occurren…
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- Mapping the hepatic immune landscape identifies monocytic macrophages as key drivers of steatohepatitis and cholangiopathy progression. [Journal Article]Hepatology. 2023 Jan 13 [Online ahead of print]Hep
- CONCLUSIONS: Loss of hepatocytes and increased ductular reaction are tightly associated with monocyte-derived macrophage accumulation and represent the most prominent common immunological feature revealing the progression of NAFLD, PSC, PBC and AH, suggesting IBA1 + CD163 low macrophages are key pathogenic drivers of human liver disease progression across diverse etiologies.
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- Meta-analysis: Chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma with statins, aspirin and metformin. [Review]Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Jan 10 [Online ahead of print]AP
- CONCLUSIONS: Although statin and aspirin use were associated with reduced HCC risk, only statin use was significant in subgroup analyses accounting for concurrent medications. Metformin use was not associated with reduced HCC risk. These data have implications for future clinical trial design.
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- Costs of a structured early detection program for advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis: insights on the "plus" of Check-up 35. [Journal Article]Z Gastroenterol. 2023 Jan 09 [Online ahead of print]ZG
- CONCLUSIONS: A liver screening following the SEAL algorithm could be performed at moderate costs. Screening costs in routine care depend on actual biopsy rates and procedures, attendance rates at liver specialists, and the prevalence of fibrosis in the Check-up 35 population. The test for viral hepatitis newly introduced to Check-up 35 as once-in-a-lifetime part of Check-up 35 is no alternative to SEAL.
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