- Fires slow population declines of a long-lived prairie plant through multiple vital rates. [Journal Article]
- In grasslands worldwide, modified fire cycles are accelerating herbaceous species extinctions. Fire may avert population declines by increasing survival, reproduction, or both. Survival and growth after fires may be promoted by removal of competitors or biomass and increasing resource availability. Fire-stimulated reproduction may also contribute to population growth through bolstered recruitment…
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- Interactions of Echinacea spp. Root Extracts and Alkylamides With the Endocannabinoid System and Peripheral Inflammatory Pain. [Journal Article]
- Historical ethnobotanies of indigenous peoples of the North American prairies reveal treatment of many painful conditions by Echinacea spp. Recent evidence suggests a pharmacological basis for such use as the bioactivity of E. angustifolia and E. purpurea is mediated, in part, through activation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Whereas the cannabimimetic effects of individual echinacea produc…
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- Versatility in acyltransferase activity completes chicoric acid biosynthesis in purple coneflower. [Journal Article]
- Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) is a popular native North American herbal plant. Its major bioactive compound, chicoric acid, is reported to have various potential physiological functions, but little is known about its biosynthesis. Here, taking an activity-guided approach, we identify two cytosolic BAHD acyltransferases that form two intermediates, caftaric acid and chlorogeni…
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- Botanical drugs and supplements affecting the immune response in the time of COVID-19: Implications for research and clinical practice. [Review]
- In times of health crisis, including the current COVID-19 pandemic, the potential benefit of botanical drugs and supplements emerges as a focus of attention, although controversial efficacy claims are rightly a concern. Phytotherapy has an established role in everyday self-care and health care, but, since botanical preparations contain many chemical constituents rather than single compounds, chal…
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- Fire synchronizes flowering and boosts reproduction in a widespread but declining prairie species. [Journal Article]
- Fire is an important determinant of habitat structure and biodiversity across ecosystems worldwide. In fire-dependent communities, similar to the North American prairie, fire suppression contributes to local plant extinctions. Yet the demographic mechanisms responsible for species loss have not been directly investigated. We conducted a 21-y longitudinal study of 778 individual plants of Echinace…
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- Mast cell degranulation and calcium influx are inhibited by an Echinacea purpurea extract and the alkylamide dodeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid isobutylamide. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that Echinacea extracts and alkylamides may be useful for treating allergic and inflammatory responses mediated by mast cells. More broadly, since calcium is a critical second messenger, the inhibitory effects of alkylamides on calcium uptake would be predicted to dampen a variety of pathological responses, suggesting new uses for this plant and its constituents.
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- A systematic review of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of herbal medicine with warfarin. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: It was difficult to determine whether ten herbal medicines had significant effects on the PK-PD parameters of warfarin. Low quality of evidence, different compounds within and different compositions of the herbs, and methodological limitations of the crossover study, which is a clinical study in which subjects receive a sequence of different interventions, made it difficult to form conclusions. Additional studies that remedy these vulnerabilities are necessary to verify these results.
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- Common Herbal Dietary Supplement-Drug Interactions. [Review]
- Nearly 25% of U.S. adults report concurrently taking a prescription medication with a dietary supplement. Some supplements, such as St. John's wort and goldenseal, are known to cause clinically important drug interactions and should be avoided by most patients receiving any pharmacologic therapy. However, many other supplements are predicted to cause interactions based only on in vitro studies th…
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- Echinacea purpurea Extract Polarizes M1 Macrophages in Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Through the Activation of JNK. [Journal Article]
- Echinacea purpurea is an indigenous North American purple cone flower used by North Americans for treatment of various infectious diseases and wounds. This study investigated the effect of polysaccharide enriched extract of Echinacea purpurea (EE) on the polarization of macrophages. The results showed that 100 µg/mL of EE could markedly activate the macrophage by increasing the expression of CD80…
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- Use of plant extracts as an efficient alternative therapy of respiratory tract infections. [Journal Article]
- Medicinal plants are advantageously used in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases. Upper respiratory tract catarrh is one of the diseases associated with seasonal weakening of immunity, and therefore, plant drugs with a non-specific immunomodulation effect are often used. Such plants include, but are not limited to, Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius). …
- Corrigendum to "Evaluation of a Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine and related ELISA for respective induction and assessment of acquired immunity to the vaccine and/or Echinacea purpurea in Awassi Ewes" [Vaccine 33 (2015) 2228-2231]. [Published Erratum]Vaccine. 2016 Jul 25; 34(34):4085.V
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- Molecular Phylogeny, Diversity, and Bioprospecting of Endophytic Fungi Associated with wild Ethnomedicinal North American Plant Echinacea purpurea (Asteraceae). [Journal Article]
- The endophytic fungal community associated with the ethnomedicinal plant Echinacea purpurea was investigated as well as its potential for providing antifungal compounds against plant pathogenic fungi. A total of 233 endophytic fungal isolates were obtained and classified into 42 different taxa of 16 genera, of which Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum dematium, and Stagonosporopsis sp. 2 are the…
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- Prevention and Treatment of Influenza, Influenza-Like Illness, and Common Cold by Herbal, Complementary, and Natural Therapies. [Review]
- In recent years viral respiratory tract infections, especially influenza viruses, have had a major impact on communities worldwide as a result of unavailability of effective treatment or vaccine. The frequent alterations in the antigenic structures of respiratory viruses, particularly for RNA viruses, pose difficulties in production of effective vaccines. The unavailability of optimal medication …
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- Corrigendum to "Evaluation of a Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine and related ELISA for respective induction and assessment of acquired immunity to the vaccine and/or Echinacea purpurea in Awassi Ewes" [Vaccine 33 (2015) 2228-2231]. [Published Erratum]Vaccine. 2015 Dec 16; 33(51):7375.V
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- Evaluation of a Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine and related ELISA for respective induction and assessment of acquired immunity to the vaccine and/or Echinacea purpurea in Awassi Ewes. [Journal Article]
- The aim of this study was to evaluate an experimental Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) bacterin and an indirect ELISA system to assess quantitatively the acquired immunity in Awassi ewes to the vaccine and/or Echinacea purpurea (EP) dried roots. Four treatments of the ewes were included in the experimental design, with 6 ewes/treatment. The first treatment (T1) had the controls that were non-vaccinate…
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- Subtracted diversity array identifies novel molecular markers including retrotransposons for fingerprinting Echinacea species. [Journal Article]
- Echinacea, native to the Canadian prairies and the prairie states of the United States, has a long tradition as a folk medicine for the Native Americans. Currently, Echinacea are among the top 10 selling herbal medicines in the U.S. and Europe, due to increasing popularity for the treatment of common cold and ability to stimulate the immune system. However, the genetic relationship within the spe…
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- Treating cough and cold: Guidance for caregivers of children and youth. [Journal Article]
- Despite the widespread use of over-the-counter (OTC) cough and cold medications (CCMs), the effectiveness of most CCMs has not been proven in children. A meta-analysis summarizing trials using OTC CCMs for viral-induced cough found no evidence for or against the use of OTC medicines in both paediatric and adult populations when cough frequency and severity, as well as physician assessments, were …
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- Determination of major phenolic compounds in Echinacea spp. raw materials and finished products by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection: single-laboratory validation matrix extension. [Journal Article]
- A method previously validated to determine caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, cynarin, echinacoside, and cichoric acid in echinacea raw materials has been successfully applied to dry extract and liquid tincture products in response to North American consumer needs. Single-laboratory validation was used to assess the repeatability, accuracy, selectivity, LOD, LOQ, analyte stability (ruggedness), and…
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- The effect of plant inbreeding and stoichiometry on interactions with herbivores in nature: Echinacea angustifolia and its specialist aphid. [Journal Article]
- Fragmentation of once widespread communities may alter interspecific interactions by changing genetic composition of interacting populations as well as their abundances and spatial distributions. In a long-term study of a fragmented population of Echinacea angustifolia, a perennial plant native to the North American prairie, we investigated influences on its interaction with a specialist aphid an…
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- Dose-dependent in vivo effect of Rhodiola and Echinacea on the mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation in mice. [Journal Article]
- Echinacea purpurea (EP) and Echinacea angustifolia (EA) are ones of the most important world's herbs with immunotropic activity. They were traditional medicinal plants used by North American Indians for the treatment of various illnesses. Now they are cultivated in many countries and are used mainly to treat respiratory tract infections. Rhodiola rosea (RR) and Rhodiola quadrifida (RQ) are medici…
- Use of multivitamins, folic acid and herbal supplements among breast cancer survivors: the black women's health study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: A significant number of African American breast cancer survivors are using herbals and multivitamins as CAM modality. Additional research is needed to understand the impact of herbals and multivitamins in African American breast cancer survivors.
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- Phytochemical and immunomodulatory properties of an Echinacea laevigata (Asteraceae) tincture. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: This species may deserve continued investigation in both experimental and therapeutic contexts.
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- Complementary and alternative medicine for prevention and treatment of the common cold. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin C can be recommended to Canadian patients for prevention of the common cold. There is moderate evidence supporting the use of Echinacea purpurea and zinc lozenges for treatment. Ginseng and allicin warrant further research.
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- First Report of Leaf Spot of Orange Coneflower (Rudbeckia fulgida) Caused by a Phoma sp. in Italy. [Journal Article]Plant Dis. 2010 Jun; 94(6):788.PD
- Rudbeckia fulgida (orange coneflower) is an herbaceous species (Asteraceae) grown in full sun in flower beds and borders in gardens. In the summer of 2009, a previously unknown leaf spot was observed on R. fulgida plants in three private gardens located near Biella (northern Italy). Leaves of infected plants showed extensive and irregular, dark brown, necrotic lesions that were slightly sunken wi…
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- [Knowledge of perioperative risk associated with use of medicinal plants]. [Review]Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2009 Oct; 56(8):467-73.RE
- CONCLUSIONS: Medicinal plants are currently being used in our culture. In spite of appropriate warnings from such scientific bodies as the American Society of Anesthesiologists on timing the withdrawal of medicinal plants before surgery, our results indicate that the advice is not followed. We also found that physicians lacked knowledge of the indications for using these plants and their interactions, a situation which is alarming.
- Identifying commercially relevant Echinacea species by AFLP molecular markers. [Journal Article]
- The rising interest in medicinal plants has brought several species of the genus Echinacea to the attention of many scientists. Echinacea angustifolia, E. pallida, and E. purpurea are the most important for their immunological properties, well known and widely used by the native Americans. The three species are easily distinguishable on the basis of their morphological characteristics, but it wou…
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- Drug-botanical interactions: a review of the laboratory, animal, and human data for 8 common botanicals. [Review]
- Many Americans use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to prevent or alleviate common illnesses, and these medicines are commonly used by individuals with cancer.These medicines or botanicals share the same metabolic and transport proteins, including cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP), glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), and P-glycoprotein (Pgp), with over-the-counter and prescription medicines …
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- Echinacea tennesseensis ethanol tinctures harbor cytokine- and proliferation-enhancing capacities. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest E. tennesseensis harbors phytomedicinal properties that vary by plant organ, with roots demonstrating the strongest activities.
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- First Report of Verticillium Wilt Caused by Verticillium dahliae on Rudbeckia fulgida (Orange Coneflower) in Italy. [Journal Article]Plant Dis. 2008 Sep; 92(9):1367.PD
- Rudbeckia fulgida (common name orange coneflower) is an herbaceous perennial (Asteraceae) grown in full sun in perennial borders in gardens. At the end of the summer of 2007, in a public garden located in Turin (northern Italy), symptoms of vascular wilt and stunting were observed on approximately 80% of the plants grown in a mixed border. Initial symptoms were yellowing of external leaves and br…
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- First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Golovinomyces cichoracearum on Orange Coneflower (Rudbeckia fulgida) in Italy. [Journal Article]Plant Dis. 2008 Jun; 92(6):975.PD
- Rudbeckia fulgida (orange coneflower), a flowering plant belonging to the Asteraceae, is increasingly used as a border in parks and gardens. In September 2007, severe outbreaks of a previously unknown powdery mildew were observed on plants in a public park in Torino (northern Italy). More than 90% of the plants were affected by the disease. Both surfaces of leaves of affected plants were covered …
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