- Renal Clearable Mo-Based Polyoxometalate Nanoclusters: A Promising Radioprotectant against Ionizing Irradiation. [Journal Article]ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]AA
- In response to diffused ionizing radiation damage throughout the body caused by nuclear leaks and inaccurate radiotherapy, radioprotectants with considerable free radical scavenging capacities, along with negligible adverse effects, are highly regarded. Herein, unlike being performed as toxic chemotherapeutic drug candidates, molybdenum-based polyoxometalate nanoclusters (Mo-POM NCs) were develop…
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- The nephroprotective effect of amifostine in a cecal ligation-induced sepsis model in terms of oxidative stress and inflammation. [Journal Article]Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 12; 26(24):9144-9156.ER
- CONCLUSIONS: Amifostine prevented sepsis-related acute kidney injury by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
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- The protective effects of red ginseng and amifostine against renal damage caused by ionizing radiation. [Journal Article]Hum Exp Toxicol. 2022 Jan-Dec; 41:9603271221143029.HE
- This study aimed to elucidate the effects of amifostine (ethyol) (AM), a synthetic radioprotector, and red ginseng (RG), a natural radioprotective agent, against the toxic effect of ionizing radiation (IR) on kidney tissues through changes in biochemical and histopathological parameters in addition to contributions to the use of amifostine and RG in clinical studies. Five groups were established:…
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- The effect of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead on the genotoxic activity of Boletaceae family mushrooms present in Serbia. [Journal Article]J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2023 Jan 02; 86(1):23-35.JT
- The aim of this study was to determine accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids which are widely distributed in the environment and in food chain using wild edible mushrooms belonging to the Boletaceae family mushrooms. In addition, methanol extracts of mushrooms were tested for in vitro protective effect by the cytochalasin-B blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay using chromosome aberrations in h…
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- Radioprotective effect of mistletoe extract on intestinal toxicity: in vivo study using adult zebrafish. [Journal Article]Int J Radiat Biol. 2022 Nov 07 [Online ahead of print]IJ
- CONCLUSIONS: The radioprotective effect against intestinal toxicity was successfully shown in an adult zebrafish model. This result suggests the possibility of clinical use of mistletoe extract for the treatment of abdominal cancers.
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- Cardiotoxicity linked to anticancer agents and cardioprotective strategy. [Review]
- Chemotherapy is a main treatment for cancer, and it benefits patients by controlling cancer relapse and metastasis, thereby leading to an increase in the overall survival rate. However, this treatment is associated with mild to severe side effects, one of which is cardiotoxicity. The severity of cardiotoxicity, a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, depends on the type of cancer therapy empl…
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- Bioinspired and Inflammation-Modulatory Glycopeptide Hydrogels for Radiation-Induced Chronic Skin Injury Repair. [Journal Article]Adv Healthc Mater. 2023 Jan; 12(1):e2201671.AH
- Clinical wound management of radiation-induced skin injury (RSI) remains a great challenge due to acute injuries induced by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the concomitant repetitive inflammatory microenvironment caused by an imbalance in macrophage homeostasis. Herein, a cutaneous extracellular matrix (ECM)-inspired glycopeptide hydrogel (GK@TAgel) is rationally designed for acceler…
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- Could Amifostine Prevent Experimental Radiotherapy-Induced Acute Pericarditis? [Journal Article]Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2022 Sep 01; 23(9):3209-3213.AP
- CONCLUSIONS: Acute pericarditis was detected in all rats receiving radiotherapy. There was no positive effect of amifostine administration before radiotherapy on acute pericardial inflammation.
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- Prevention of salivary gland dysfunction in patients treated with radioiodine for differentiated thyroid cancer: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. [Systematic Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: Among non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods, parotid gland massage, aromatherapy, vitamin E, selenium, amifostine, and bethanechol may have benefits in minimizing RAI-induced salivary gland dysfunction in patients with DTC. The results are limited by a small number of patients and should be confirmed in future larger randomized controlled trials.
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- Haptoglobin is an early indicator of survival after radiation-induced severe injury and bone marrow transplantation in mice. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that Hp can be used not only as an early molecule marker of radiation injury, but also as an important indicator of bone marrow transplantation therapy for radiation injury, bringing new scientific discoveries in the diagnosis and treatment of acute radiation injury from the perspective of systemic immunity.
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- A novel electrochemical platform for assay of alkaline phosphatase based on amifostine and ATRP signal amplification. [Journal Article]Anal Bioanal Chem. 2022 Sep; 414(23):6955-6964.AB
- Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an important hydrolase involved in dephosphorylation, is a common clinical indicator of many diseases. In the present study, we constructed a novel electrochemical sensor using amifostine as the substrate of ALP and activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) as a signal amplification strategy for sensitive determinatio…
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- An Adaptive Role for DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Hippocampus-Dependent Learning and Memory. [Review]
- DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), classified as the most harmful type of DNA damage based on the complexity of repair, lead to apoptosis or tumorigenesis. In aging, DNA damage increases and DNA repair decreases. This is exacerbated in disease, as post-mortem tissue from patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) show increased DSBs. A novel role for DSBs in…
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- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1-Mediated Targeting of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Bone Marrow Is Effective in Conferring Regeneration and Survival in Lethally Irradiated Mice. [Journal Article]Transplant Cell Ther. 2022 10; 28(10):667.e1-667.e10.TC
- Bone marrow (BM) transplantation has been used to treat malignant and nonmalignant BM-related disorders. Although an effective strategy, the procedure is associated with numerous complications, including graft rejection and nonspecific stem cell distribution. Avoidance of immune graft rejection has downsized the quantity of available stem cells, whereas nonspecific distribution necessitates the i…
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- A network meta-analysis for efficacies and toxicities of different concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimens in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. [Meta-Analysis]
- CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that CCRT (pemetrexed + cisplatin) and CCRT (carboplatin + paclitaxel) might be the best options for the treatment of LA-NSCLC, and CCRT (pemetrexed + cisplatin) had the highest 3-year overall survival (OS) rate.
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- ATR-mediated CD47 and PD-L1 up-regulation restricts radiotherapy-induced immune priming and abscopal responses in colorectal cancer. [Journal Article]
- Radiotherapy (RT) of colorectal cancer (CRC) can prime adaptive immunity against tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-expressing CRC cells systemically. However, abscopal tumor remissions are extremely rare, and the postirradiation immune escape mechanisms in CRC remain elusive. Here, we found that irradiated CRC cells used ATR-mediated DNA repair signaling pathway to up-regulate both CD47 and PD-L1, w…
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- StatPearls: Radiation Esophagitis [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- Radiation esophagitis is inflammation of the esophagus due to radiation. Radiation esophagitis is typically an adverse effect that develops in individuals receiving radiation cancer therapy, most commonly for breast, lung, and other lymphomas. Symptoms present two to three weeks after the initial therapy and include throat pain, dysphagia, and the sensation that food is stuck. Amifostine is a med…
- Selected fungi of the genus Lactarius - screening of antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, and genotoxicity. [Journal Article]
- It is well-known that mushrooms of the genus Lactarius constitute a natural food resource providing health benefits as a nutritient. This genus contains 4 mushrooms identified as L. deliciosus, L. volemus, L. sanguifluus, L. semisanguifluus and L. piperatus which were collected in Serbia. The aim of this study aimed was to identify and characterize the content of phenolic compounds and examine th…
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- Repurposing of Various Current Medicines as Radioprotective Agents. [Journal Article]Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2022 Apr 04 [Online ahead of print]AA
- CONCLUSIONS: Safety and risk-free treatment can be guaranteed with the repurposed agents. Agents like metformin, captopril, nifedipine, simvastatin, and various others have shown potent radioprotective action in various studies. This review compiled repurposed synthetic radioprotective agents.
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- Amifostine analog, DRDE-30, alleviates radiation induced lung damage by attenuating inflammation and fibrosis. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: DRDE-30 could be a potential prophylactic agent against radiation-induced lung injury.
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- Microalgae-based oral microcarriers for gut microbiota homeostasis and intestinal protection in cancer radiotherapy. [Journal Article]
- Protecting the whole small intestine from radiation-induced intestinal injury during the radiotherapy of abdominal or pelvic solid tumors remains an unmet clinical need. Amifostine is a promising selective radioprotector for normal tissues. However, its oral application in intestinal radioprotection remains challenging. Herein, we use microalga Spirulina platensis as a microcarrier of Amifostine …
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- Reactive oxygen species-responsive nanodrug of natural crocin-i with prolonged circulation for effective radioprotection. [Journal Article]Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2022 May; 213:112441.CS
- With the progress of nuclear technology including radiotherapy and radiodiagnosis, radiation has been widely used in many fields as a powerful diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the medical area. Unfortunately, acute radiation disease will occur if the human body is accidentally exposed to a large dosage of ionizing radiation. However, clinical radioprotective agents are being challenged by the s…
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- Noninvasive Systemic Modalities for Prevention of Head and Neck Radiation-Associated Soft Tissue Injury: A Narrative Review. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: While we cannot endorse any of these nine modalities for immediate clinical use, they may prove fruitful areas for further investigation.
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- Comparison of effects of dexmedetomidine and amifostine against X-ray radiation-induced parotid damage. [Journal Article]
- Radiotherapy can be employed as a therapeutic modality alone in the early stages of cancer and is used together with other treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy in more advanced stages. However, exposure to ionizing radiation in association with radiotherapy affects several organs in the head and neck and can give rise to early and late side effects. Exposure to ionizing radiation used in r…
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- Common cancer treatments targeting DNA double strand breaks affect long-term memory and relate to immediate early gene expression in a sex-dependent manner. [Journal Article]
- DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) have been highly studied in the context of cancers, as DSBs can lead to apoptosis or tumorigenesis. Several pharmaceuticals are widely used to target DSBs during cancer therapy. Amifostine (WR-2721) and etoposide are two commonly used drugs: amifostine reduces DSBs, whereas etoposide increases DSBs. Recently, a novel role for DSBs in immediate early gene expression…
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- Amifostine and rituximab in refractory immune thrombocytopaenia: A case series. [Journal Article]Vox Sang. 2022 Apr; 117(4):601-605.VS
- CONCLUSIONS: Three out of five patients achieved durable responses with amifostine and rituximab. Although there is confounding by rituximab, given its established low durable response rate, it is likely that the excellent long-term responses achieved were a result of amifostine. Clinical trials with larger patient cohorts and further investigation are required to confirm the efficacy and mechanism of amifostine in ITP.
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- HIF2 Regulates Intestinal Wnt5a Expression. [Journal Article]
- Radiation therapy for abdominal tumors is challenging because the small intestine is exquisitely radiosensitive. Unfortunately, there are no FDA-approved therapies to prevent or mitigate GI radiotoxicity. The EGLN protein family are oxygen sensors that regulate cell survival and metabolism through the degradation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Our group has previously shown that stabilizati…
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- The Evolving Strategy of Californium-252 Neutron Intracavitary Brachytherapy in Treating Patients With Low-Lying T2 or T3 Rectal Adenocarcinoma: From Fixed to Individualized Regime With Intrarectal Peritumoral Injection of Amifostine. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent chemo-EBRT combined with individualized 252Cf neutron ICBT protected by IPIA shows promising efficacy and safety in treating low-lying T2 and T3 rectal adenocarcinoma patients without surgery opportunity or willing.
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- Amifostine (WR-2721) Mitigates Cognitive Injury Induced by Heavy Ion Radiation in Male Mice and Alters Behavior and Brain Connectivity. [Journal Article]
- The deep space environment contains many risks to astronauts during space missions, such as galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) comprised of naturally occurring heavy ions. Heavy ion radiation is increasingly being used in cancer therapy, including novel regimens involving carbon therapy. Previous investigations involving simulated space radiation have indicated a host of detrimental cognitive and behavi…
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- Potential radioprotective properties of arbutin against ionising radiation on human leukocytes in vitro. [Journal Article]
- Arbutin is a simple phenolic glucoside biosynthesised in many plant families. Some of the everyday foods that contain arbutin are species of the genus Origanum, peaches, cereal products, coffee and tea and Arctostaphyllos uva ursi L. leaves. Arbutin possesses various beneficial effects in the organism, and was confirmed effective in the treatment of urinary tract infections as well as in preventi…
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