- High-Grade Non-Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinomas of Follicular Cell Origin: A Review of Poorly Differentiated and High-Grade Differentiated Carcinomas. [Review]Endocr Pathol. 2023 Jan 24 [Online ahead of print]EP
- Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and high-grade differentiated thyroid carcinoma (HGDTC) are considered high-grade follicular-derived thyroid carcinomas, with prognoses intermediate between well-differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Both share the presence of invasion, thyroid follicular-cell origin, and tumor necrosis or increased mitoses (≥ 3 mitoses per 2 mm2 in PDTC a…
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- Anaplastic Cancer: Our Experience. [Journal Article]
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare thyroid malignancy with a dire prognosis, nearly 100% disease specific mortality and a median overall survival less than 6 months. In view of the limited data from India on anaplastic thyroid cancer, we conducted this audit to analyze the treatment pattern, outcomes and factors influencing it. This is a retrospective analysis of outcomes of patients tr…
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- Case report: Visibly curative effect of dabrafenib and trametinib on advanced thyroid carcinoma in 2 patients. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this treatment modality is rare, but effective. By sharing these 2 case reports, we hope to provide a reference for the treatment of clinically similar patients with advanced thyroid carcinoma.
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- PD-L1 expression and CD8 positive lymphocytes in human neoplasms: A tissue microarray study on 11,838 tumor samples. [Journal Article]Cancer Biomark. 2023 Jan 11 [Online ahead of print]CB
- CONCLUSIONS: PD-L1 expression in tumor and inflammatory cells is found in a wide range of human tumor types. Higher rates of tumor infiltrating CD8 positive lymphocytes in PD-L1 positive than in PD-L1 negative cancers suggest that the antitumor immune response may trigger tumoral PD-L1 expression.
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- Receptor Type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Epsilon (PTPRE) Plays an Oncogenic Role in Thyroid Carcinoma by Activating the AKT and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. [Journal Article]Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2023 Jan 18 [Online ahead of print]CC
- CONCLUSIONS: Accordingly, we indicated that PTPRE plays an oncogenic role in TC progression via activating the AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These findings indicated that modulation of PTPRE expression may as a potential strategy to interfere with the progression of TC.
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- Target therapy for BRAF mutated anaplastic thyroid cancer: a clinical and molecular study. [Journal Article]Eur J Endocrinol. 2023 Jan 10; 188(1)EJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Our results show a significant real-world efficacy of Dabrafenib plus Trametinib in both survival and recurrence compared with standard treatment, with a good safety profile.
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- Mutation-based, short-term "neoadjuvant" treatment allows resectability in stage IVB and C anaplastic thyroid cancer. [Journal Article]Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023 Jan 13 [Online ahead of print]EA
- CONCLUSIONS: A short-term mutation-based "neoadjuvant" therapy can achieve local resectability in initially unresectable ATC stage IVB or C. A neoadjuvant treatment period of about 4 weeks seems to show similar response as a treatment duration of at least 3 months.
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- The Landscape of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. [Review]
- Thyroid carcinoma represents a leading malignancy among those derived from human endocrine systems. It comprises a variety of different histological subtypes, including mainly papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma, and medullar carcinoma. A broad spectrum of genetic imbalances, comprising gross chromosomal (polysomy/aneuploidy) and specific gene (mutations, amplification…
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- The internal mammary artery perforator flap for neck reconstruction after palliative resection of advanced anaplastic thyroid cancer: a case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: The present case illustrates that palliative resection of the tumor and plastic reconstruction of the neck defect promoted other treatments such as radiation or chemotherapy due to the improved local situation.
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- Dabrafenib plus trametinib treatment in patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: an Argentinian experience. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: This report contributes to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of D-T treatment in five patients with loco-regionally advanced and metastatic BRAF V600E-mutated ATC in a real-life setting. A multidisciplinary approach and rapid molecular-tailored testing are essential to begin this therapeutic option.
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- Targeted Therapy for Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Advances and Management. [Review]
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare and highly fatal cancer with the worst prognosis of all thyroid carcinoma (TC) histological subtypes and no standard treatment. In recent years, the explosion of investigations on ATC-targeted agents has provided a new treatment strategy for this malignant condition, and a review of these studies is warranted. We conducted a comprehensive literature se…
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- Three-dimensional genome landscape comprehensively reveals patterns of spatial gene regulation in papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancers: a study using representative cell lines for each cancer type. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Chromatin interactions and gene alterations and regulations are largely heterogeneous in TC. CNVs and complex SVs may function in the TC genome by interplaying with TADs, and are largely different between ATC and PTC. Complexity of TC genomes, which are highly organized by 3D genome-wide interactions mediating mutational and structural variations and gene activation, may have been largely underappreciated. Our comprehensive analysis may provide key evidence and targets for more customized diagnosis and treatment of TC.
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- NRAS Gene Mutation in Differentiated High-Grade Thyroid Carcinoma With Multiphenotypic Metastatic Pattern: A Case Report. [Case Reports]Cureus. 2022 Dec; 14(12):e32177.C
- Differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma (DHGTC) has a high mitotic count (≥5 mitoses per 2mm2) and/or tumor necrosis without anaplastic features. These tumors are rare, and the prevalence is not yet established among thyroid malignancies. BRAF andRAS mutations are the main driver mutations in these tumors. We present a case of a 43-year-old woman with DHGTC and NRASmutation, presenting with m…
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- Refractory Checkpoint Inhibitor Colitis Responsive to Ustekinumab. [Case Reports]
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors have transformed the treatment of cancer. Nonetheless, multiple immune-related adverse events have been reported, including checkpoint inhibitor colitis. Severe colitis can be complicated by ileus, megacolon, intestinal perforation, and death. Current appropriate treatment includes steroids, followed by antitumor necrosis factor biologic therapy, infliximab. Alternati…
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- Current picture of anaplastic thyroid cancer patients' care and meetable needs: A survey of 94 Institutions from the EORTC Endocrine and Head and Neck Cancer Groups. [Journal Article]Eur J Cancer. 2023 Feb; 180:146-154.EJ
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare cancer accounting for 40% of thyroid cancer-specific deaths. In the last 5 years, improved insights into molecular pathways led the Food and Drug Administration to license BRAF/MEK inhibitors (B/Mi) in BRAFV600E-mutant ATC, and pembrolizumab in solid cancer with high tumour mutational burden (TMB-H) (≥10 mutations/megabase) (mut/Mb). In Europe, clinici…
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- Anaplastic Transformation of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma in Pulmonary Metastasis With Gradually Progressive Intra-tumoral Cavitation: A Case Report. [Case Reports]
- Anaplastic transformation of differentiated thyroid cancer is rare but clinically important because of the dismal prognosis after anaplastic transformation. Therefore, cases and findings of anaplastic transformation must be accumulated, which could ultimately lead to an earlier diagnosis and an improved prognosis. Here, we present a case of anaplastic transformation of follicular thyroid carcinom…
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- Ouabain Effects on Human Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma 8505C Cells. [Journal Article]
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare, but aggressive, carcinoma derived from follicular cells. While conventional treatments may improve patients' survival, the lethality remains high. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective ATC treatments. Cardiotonic steroids, such as ouabain, have been shown to have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. Thus, we aimed to evaluate oua…
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- Neoadjuvant famitinib and camrelizumab, a new combined therapy allowing surgical resection of the primary site for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. [Clinical Trial, Phase II]
- CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the use of famitinib and camrelizumab as a neoadjuvant treatment for ATC with wild-type BRAF. Clinical trial for a novel neoadjuvant approach for ATC are currently open for enrollment.
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- Weighted gene co-expression network reveals driver genes contributing to phenotypes of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and immune checkpoint identification for therapeutic targets. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified a set of novel ATC-specific genes that were mainly related to cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and immunosuppression, which might throw light on molecular mechanisms underlying aggressive phenotypes of ATC and provide promisingly diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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- Application of deep learning as an ancillary diagnostic tool for thyroid FNA cytology. [Journal Article]Cancer Cytopathol. 2022 Dec 16 [Online ahead of print]CC
- CONCLUSIONS: The authors developed an AI-based approach to analyze thyroid FNAC cases encountered in routine practice. This analysis could be useful for the clinical management of AUS and follicular neoplasm nodules (e.g., an online AI platform for thyroid cytology consultations).
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- Prior thyroid and non-thyroid cancer history do not significantly alter overall survival in patients diagnosed with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. [Journal Article]Thyroid. 2022 Dec 13 [Online ahead of print]T
- CONCLUSIONS: The presence of prior malignancy does not significantly impact overall survival in patients with ATC. Revision of eligibility criteria for enrollment of patients with ATC into clinical trials is warranted.
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- BI-847325, a selective dual MEK and Aurora kinases inhibitor, reduces aggressive behavior of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma on an in vitro three-dimensional culture. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggest that BI-857,325 might be an effective multi-targeted anticancer drug for ATC treatment.
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- MMP1 acts as a potential regulator of tumor progression and dedifferentiation in papillary thyroid cancer. [Journal Article]
- Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the malignancies with an excellent prognosis. However, in PTC, progression or dedifferentiation into poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) or anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) extremely jeopardizes patients' prognosis. MMP1 is a zinc-dependent endopeptidase, and its role in PTC progression and dedifferentiation is unclear. In this study, transcriptome …
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- Clinical evaluation of malignancy diagnosis of rare thyroid carcinomas by an artificial intelligent automatic diagnosis system. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The generally trained AI automatic diagnosis system showed high accuracy in the differential diagnosis of begin nodules and rare malignancy nodules. It may assist radiologists for screening of rare malignancy nodules that even senior radiologists are not acquainted with.
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- A unique case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma comprising of two distinct patterns osteoclastic variant and squamous cell carcinoma in separate lobe imitating collision tumor: A case report. [Journal Article]Diagn Cytopathol. 2022 Dec 01 [Online ahead of print]DC
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with two distinct morphologies in two lobes with no intermixing is very rare and not reported earlier. Furthermore, osteoclastic variant of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma as well as primary squamous cell carcinoma without any differentiated components are also very rare with only few reported cases describing their cytological features. Herein, we are reporting a unique…
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- Lipid-Peptide-mRNA Nanoparticles Augment Radioiodine Uptake in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. [Journal Article]
- Restoring sodium iodide symporter (NIS) expression and function remains a major challenge for radioiodine therapy in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). For more efficient delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) to manipulate protein expression, a lipid-peptide-mRNA (LPm) nanoparticle (NP) is developed. The LPm NP is prepared by using amphiphilic peptides to assemble a peptide core and which is then coated…
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- Core Needle Biopsy in Suspicious Malignant Thyroid Nodules with Repeated Nondiagnostic Fine Needle Aspiration. [Journal Article]
- The clinician could have CNB in mind for thyroid nodules when FNA results were nondiagnostic. Our study would suggest CNB a safe and efficient method for investigating thyroid nodules.
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- The 2022 WHO classification of thyroid tumors: novel concepts in nomenclature and grading. [Review]Endocr Relat Cancer. 2023 Feb 01; 30(2)ER
- The fifth edition of the Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors has been released by the World Health Organization. This timely publication integrates several changes to the nomenclature of non-neoplastic and neoplastic thyroid diseases, as well as novel concepts that are essential for patient management. The heterogeneous group of non-neoplastic and benign neoplastic lesions are n…
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- Dual Inhibition of BRAF-MAPK and STAT3 Signaling Pathways in Resveratrol-Suppressed Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells with BRAF Mutations. [Journal Article]
- Anaplastic thyroid cancer is an extremely lethal malignancy without reliable treatment. BRAFV600E point mutation is common in ATCs, which leads to MAPK signaling activation and is regarded as a therapeutic target. Resveratrol inhibits ATC cell growth, while its impact on BRAF-MAPK signaling remains unknown. This study aims to address this issue by elucidating the statuses of BRAF-MAPK and STAT3 s…
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- StatPearls: Follicular Thyroid Cancer [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- The thyroid is an endocrine gland located just below the cricoid cartilage in the neck, and it is composed of both the right and the left lobes separated by an isthmus. The thyroid gland functions to produce the thyroid hormone which is needed by the body to carry out different metabolism. Follicles comprise the thyroid and are the functional and structural units of the gland. Epithelial cells li…