- Suppression of neurotransmission on gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome: A mouse model. [Journal Article]Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022; 13:1059255.FE
- CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that PCOS is an endocrine disorder that may directly affect the neurotransmitter system regulating GnRH neuronal activity at the hypothalamic level and impact reproductive physiology.
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- Lifetime ovulatory years and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: a multinational pooled analysis. [Journal Article]J Natl Cancer Inst. 2023 Jan 23 [Online ahead of print]JNCI
- CONCLUSIONS: LOY is positively associated with non-mucinous EOC. Differences between estimated and expected model coefficients for LOY components suggest factors beyond ovulation underlie the associations between LOY components and EOC in general and for non-HGSOC.
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- Deletion of Androgen Receptor in LepRb Cells Improves Estrous Cycles in Prenatally Androgenized Mice. [Journal Article]Endocrinology. 2023 Jan 23 [Online ahead of print]E
- Androgens are steroid hormones crucial for sexual differentiation of the brain and reproductive function. In excess, however, androgens may decrease fertility as observed in polycystic ovary syndrome, a common endocrine disorder characterized by oligo/anovulation and/or polycystic ovaries. Hyperandrogenism may also disrupt energy homeostasis, inducing higher central adiposity, insulin resistance,…
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- Using Quantitative Hormonal Fertility Monitors to Evaluate the Luteal Phase: Proof of Concept Case Study. [Case Reports]
- Several new quantitative fertility monitors are now available for at-home use that measure estrogen, luteinizing hormone (LH), and progesterone (PDG) in urine. This case report compares the Mira and Inito quantitative fertility monitors with the well-established qualitative ClearBlue fertility monitor. Three clinical scenarios were evaluated: a normal cycle, a prolonged luteinization cycle, and a…
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- Effects of electroacupuncture on the kisspeptin-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) /luteinizing hormone (LH) neural circuit abnormalities and androgen receptor expression of kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin neurons in PCOS rats. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in the reproductive hallmarks of PCOS rats via EA may be achieved by regulating the kisspeptin-GnRH/LH circuit via androgen activity attenuation. Thus, the results provide an experimental basis for acupuncture as an adjuvant medical therapy on PCOS.
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- The Comparison of Gender Dysphoria, Body Image Satisfaction and Quality of Life Between Treatment-Naive Transgender Males With and Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. [Journal Article]
- The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among trans men has been reported as higher than among the cisgender population, which varies between 14.4% and 58%. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the association of oligo-anovulation and/or features of hyperandrogenism with the scores on the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale (UGDS), the Body Image Scale (BIS), and the Short Fo…
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- Androgen increases klotho expression via the androgen receptor-mediated pathway to induce GCs apoptosis. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated TP mediates the expression of klotho via androgen receptor and klotho alterations could be a reason for ovarian dysfunction in PCOS.
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- Effect of oestrus synchronisation through ovulation delay by vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) cows. [Journal Article]Vet Med Sci. 2023 Jan 12 [Online ahead of print]VM
- CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that ovulation delay can be employed to improve conception rate after FMD vaccination through a modified ovulation synchronisation method with GnRH.
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- Circular RNAs: Emerging Modulators in the Pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and their Clinical Implications. [Journal Article]Curr Mol Med. 2023 Jan 10 [Online ahead of print]CM
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine/metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. PCOS is characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovary morphology, and ovulatory dysfunction/anovulation. It involves multiple effects in patients, including granulosa/theca cell hyperplasia, menstrual disturbances, infertility, acne, obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diso…
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- The role of circulating miRNAs in mechanism of action and prediction of therapeutic responses of metformin in polycystic ovarian syndrome. [Journal Article]Fertil Steril. 2023 Jan 07 [Online ahead of print]FS
- CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated a distinct pattern of baseline expression and chronological changes in the levels of several circulatory miRNAs between the MET-OV and MET-AO groups, suggesting that aberrantly overexpressed diabetogenic miRNAs are involved in the pathophysiology of chronic anovulation in PCOS and their downregulation might contribute toward the therapeutic effects of metformin. This could provide new insights into the mechanism of action and applicability of individualized metformin therapy in women with PCOS.
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- Polycystic ovary syndrome and adipose tissue. [Review]Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2023 Jan 07 [Online ahead of print]AE
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Typically, it is associated with ovulatory dysfunction: dysovulation or anovulation, and symptoms of hyperandrogenism. It incurs risk of metabolic disorders such as diabetes, dyslipidemia and fatty liver. As a key endocrine organ in metabolic homeostasis, adipose tissue is often implicat…
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- Long-term outcomes of switching to gonadotrophins versus continuing with clomiphene citrate, with or without intrauterine insemination, in women with normogonadotropic anovulation and clomiphene failure: follow-up study of a factorial randomized clinical trial. [Journal Article]Hum Reprod. 2023 Jan 09 [Online ahead of print]HR
- CONCLUSIONS: About four in five women with normogonadotropic anovulation and CC failure had a live birth, with no evidence of a difference in pregnancy outcomes between the allocated groups.We have complete follow-up results for 57% of the women.There were 185 women who did not respond to the questionnaire, while 102 women had not been approached due to missing contact details. Five women had not started the original trial.Women with normogonadotropic anovulation and CC failure have a high chance of reaching at least one live birth. In terms of pregnancy rates, the long-term differences between initially switching to gonadotrophins are small compared to continuing treatment with CC.
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- Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone alone or in combination with a high-fat diet and antibiotic cocktail on the heterogeneous phenotypes of PCOS mouse models by regulating gut microbiota. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: A better and stabilized mouse model simulating the pathophysiological defects of PCOS was induced by DHEA alone rather than by DHEA+HFD. The ABX intervention improved glucose metabolic disorders and hyperinsulinemia but aggravated the hyperandrogenism and lipid metabolic disorders of the PCOS mice. This study suggests that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the heterogeneous phenotypes of PCOS mouse models.
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- Time-restricted feeding improves metabolic and endocrine profiles in mice with polycystic ovary syndrome. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, TRF improved metabolic and endocrine profiles in mice with PCOS.
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- The effects of melatonin and metformin on histological characteristics of the ovary and uterus in letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome mice: A stereological study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: It appears that metformin and melatonin could restore the PCOS phenotype including estrus cycle irregularity, high testosterone level, and ovarian and uterine micromorphology to the control levels. However, the 2 treatments had similar effects on the examined parameters.
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- [PCOS - desire for children and pregnancy]. [Journal Article]Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2023 Jan; 148(1-02):34-39.DM
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed according to the Rotterdam criteria, where two of the following three criteria must be met: Anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and characteristic morphology by sonography. Women diagnosed with PCOS are at higher risk for diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. Therefore, these women should be carefully counselled about lifestyle measures and improvements…
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- Letrozole increases preantral follicle growth and decreases estradiol production without impairing follicle survival. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Letrozole may promote follicle development by increasing the expression of FSHR. Letrozole may be useful for fertility preservation of patients with estrogen-dependent cancers such as breast cancer and various other cancers. Whether letrozole has a direct effect in reducing OHSS requires further investigation.
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- Prediction of Drug-Drug-Gene Interaction Scenarios of (E)-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling. [Journal Article]
- Clomiphene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), has been used for the treatment of anovulation for more than 50 years. However, since (E)-clomiphene ((E)-Clom) and its metabolites are eliminated primarily via Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 and CYP3A4, exposure can be affected by CYP2D6 polymorphisms and concomitant use with CYP inhibitors. Thus, clomiphene therapy may be susceptible to dru…
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- Evaluation of Bodily Pain Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Review of Health-Related Quality of Life and Potential Risk Factors. [Review]
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive disease affecting the hormone and metabolic status of women. Its associated symptoms are diverse among the patients, including hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, anovulation, infertility, obesity, hirsutism, acne, and more. In addition, PCOS can potentially increase the risk of dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, endometrioma, and irrit…
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- Cardiovascular disease risk in offspring of polycystic ovary syndrome. [Review]
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting women at reproductive age. PCOS diagnosis (Rotterdam criteria) is based on the presence of two out of three criteria; clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism, oligo- or an-ovulation and polycystic ovaries. PCOS women suffer from a constellation of reproductive and metabolic abnormalities including obesity and in…
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- Polycystic ovary syndrome: Identification of novel and hub biomarkers in the autophagy-associated mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA network. [Journal Article]
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and endocrine disorder prevalent among women of reproductive age. Recent studies show that autophagy participated in the pathogenesis of PCOS, including anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and metabolic disturbances. This study was designed to screen autophagy-related genes (ATGs) that may play a pivotal role in PCOS, providing potential biomarker…
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- Modulation of the Inflammatory Response in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)-Searching for Epigenetic Factors. [Review]
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Despite its incidence, the syndrome is poorly understood and remains underdiagnosed, and female patients are diagnosed with a delay. The heterogenous nature of this complex disorder results from the combined occurrence of genetic, environmental, endocrine, and behavioral factors. Primary clinical …
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- Dietary supplements for polycystic ovary syndrome. [Review]
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent female endocrine reproductive disorders, affecting between 4 to 18% of the women in their reproductive age. It is generally characterized by several clinical aspects, among which anovulation, inflammation and infertility. Moreover, PCOS has several health implications, including increased metabolic, reproductive, and psychological risk…
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- The effect of dexamethasone and flunixin-meglumine on ovulation, endometrial oedema, and inter-ovulatory interval length in the mare. [Journal Article]Theriogenology. 2023 Feb; 197:57-61.T
- The use of flunixin-meglumine (a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) during the critical period of intrafollicular prostaglandin production before ovulation (24 and 36 h after hCG treatment) results in a high rate of ovulatory failure and formation of haemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAF) in the mare. Dexamethasone is commonly used to prevent persistent mating-induced endometritis in …
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- Therapeutic potential of exosomes/miRNAs in polycystic ovary syndrome induced by the alteration of circadian rhythms. [Review]
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive dysfunction associated with endocrine disorders and is most common in women of reproductive age. Clinical and/or biochemical manifestations include hyperandrogenism, persistent anovulation, polycystic ovary, insulin resistance, and obesity. Presently, the aetiology and pathogenesis of PCOS remain unclear. In recent years, the role of circadian rh…
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- Ovarian volume, not follicle count, is independently associated with androgens in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Increased ovarian volume is, thus, highly predictive of hyperandrogenemia and high LH/FSH ratio in PCOS patients.
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- Atypical Presentation of a Giant Hemorrhagic Ovarian Cyst. [Case Reports]
- Hemorrhagic ovarian cysts (HOCs) are frequently seen in reproductive age women, developing in the luteal phase of ovulatory cycles. Giant HOCs are rare, as bleeding inside a closed space causes acute pain leading to early diagnosis. Anovulation or oligoovulation is a defining feature of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and hence, functional cysts are uncommon in PCOS patients. This report desc…
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- Evaluation of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of PCOS patients attending a tertiary care institute in Colombo. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the population were overweight or obese and had higher prevalence of insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver. Out of the clinical characteristics used to make the diagnosis of PCOS, the presence of clinical or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism and irregular menstrual cycles are more common than the detection of polycystic ovaries on trans-vaginal USS. The higher prevalence of overweight, obesity, insulin resistance and NAFLD associated with PCOS makes the diagnosis and management of the disease crucial to prevent long term consequences of the disease.
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- Predicting pregnancy chances leading to term live birth in oligo/anovulatory women diagnosed with PCOS. [Journal Article]Reprod Biomed Online. 2023 Jan; 46(1):156-163.RB
- CONCLUSIONS: Predictors of an increased chance of a live birth include White race, no current smoking, lower BMI, insulin and total testosterone concentrations, and higher SHBG concentrations. This study presents a nomogram to predict the chances of achieving a pregnancy (leading to a term live birth) within 1 year of treatment.
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- Short-time effects of ketogenic diet or modestly hypocaloric Mediterranean diet on overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that a reduction of dietary intake of carbohydrates by KD may be considered as a valuable non-pharmacological treatment for PCOS.
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