- Artificial intelligence algorithms predict the efficacy of analgesic cocktails prescribed after orthopedic surgery. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: We observed that administering one analgesic or at most two is not effective. We found no statistical indicators that interactions between analgesics in the most effective cocktails decreased their effectiveness. Pairs of most effective cocktails differed by the addition of only one analgesic (Diclofenac-Orphenadrine for one pair and Hydromorphone for the other). We conclude that the listed cocktails are to be recommended.
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- Delirium secondary to anticholinergics. [Case Reports]BMJ Case Rep. 2023 Jan 10; 16(1)BC
- We present a case of a young man who developed sudden deterioration in his physical and mental state whilst being treated as an inpatient for substance-induced psychosis. This deterioration was manifested by sudden disorientation, change in behaviour and visual hallucinations. It was only after excluding other potential causes that this presentation was attributed to the regular administration of…
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- Antitumor Effect of Traditional Drugs for Neurological Disorders: Preliminary Studies in Neural Tumor Cell Lines. [Journal Article]
- Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite new treatments developed including immunomodulation using vaccines and cell therapies, mortality remains high due to the resistance mechanisms presented by these tumor cells and the function of the blood-brain barrier that prevents the entry of most drugs. In this context of searching for new glioblastoma …
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- Effects of trihexyphenidyl on prefrontal executive function and spontaneous neural activity in patients with tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease: An fNIRS study. [Journal Article]Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2022 12; 105:96-102.PR
- CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that THP treatment may lead to prefrontal dysfunction in tdPD patients, attenuating brain activation in executive function and cognition-related spontaneous neural activity.
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- Case series profile of olanzapine post-injection delirium/sedation syndrome. [Journal Article]Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2023 Feb; 89(2):903-907.BJ
- Olanzapine pamoate is an intramuscular depot injection for the treatment of schizophrenia. Approximately 1.4% of patients develop a serious adverse event called post-injection delirium/sedation syndrome (PDSS), characterised by drowsiness, anticholinergic and extrapyramidal symptoms. The objective is to investigate olanzapine PDSS presentations including clinical features and treatment approach. …
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- Combination of Antimalarial and CNS Drugs with Antineoplastic Agents in MCF-7 Breast and HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells: Biosafety Evaluation and Mechanism of Action. [Journal Article]
- Drug combination and drug repurposing are two strategies that allow to find novel oncological therapies, in a faster and more economical process. In our previous studies, we developed a novel model of drug combination using antineoplastic and different repurposed drugs. We demonstrated the combinations of doxorubicin (DOX) + artesunate, DOX + chloroquine, paclitaxel (PTX) + fluoxetine, PTX + flup…
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- [Analgesic and opioid-sparing effects of a fixed combination of diclofenac and orphenadrine in the early postoperative period in cardiac surgery patients]. [Randomized Controlled Trial]Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2022; 122(10):109-115.ZN
- CONCLUSIONS: There were demonstrated high analgesic efficacy, safety and significant opioid-sparing effect of a fixed combination of orphenadrine and diclofenac in the early postoperative period of cardiac surgery patients.
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- Tremor in Parkinson's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Advanced Therapies. [Review]
- Tremor is one of the most prevalent symptoms in Parkinson's Disease (PD). The progression and management of tremor in PD can be challenging, as response to dopaminergic agents might be relatively poor, particularly in patients with tremor-dominant PD compared to the akinetic/rigid subtype. In this review, we aim to highlight recent advances in the underlying pathogenesis and treatment modalities …
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- Phytoconstituents of Datura metel extract improved motor coordination in haloperidol-induced cataleptic mice: Dual-target molecular docking and behavioural studies. [Journal Article]J Ethnopharmacol. 2023 Jan 10; 300:115753.JE
- CONCLUSIONS: Methanolic extract of DM contains active phytochemicals for multi-target-directed antiparkinsonian mechanisms amenable for further studies.
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- Molecular understanding of the translational models and the therapeutic potential natural products of Parkinson's disease. [Review]Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Nov; 155:113718.BP
- Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, mostly happened in the elder population and the prevalence gradually increased with age. Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder that severely affects patients' daily life. The mechanism of Parkinson's disease still remains unknown, however, studies already proved that the damage or absence of…
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- Forskolin, an Adenylcyclase/cAMP/CREB Signaling Activator Restoring Myelin-Associated Oligodendrocyte Destruction in Experimental Ethidium Bromide Model of Multiple Sclerosis. [Journal Article]
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease marked by oligodendrocyte loss, which results in central neuronal demyelination. AC/cAMP/CREB signaling dysregulation is involved in the progression of MS, including mitochondrial dysfunctions, reduction in nerve growth factors, neuronal inflammation, apoptosis, and white matter degeneration. Our previous research has shown that Forsk…
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- Biperiden for prevention of post-traumatic epilepsy: A protocol of a double-blinded placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial (BIPERIDEN trial). [Journal Article]
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most important causes of acquired structural epilepsy, post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), however, efficient preventative measures and treatment are still not available to patients. Preclinical studies indicated biperiden, an anticholinergic drug, as a potential drug to modify the epileptogenic process. The main objective of this clinical trial is to evaluat…
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- Trihexyphenidyl increases delta activity in non-rapid eye movement sleep without impairing cognitive function in rodent models. [Journal Article]Neuropharmacology. 2022 11 01; 218:109217.N
- Both human and rodent studies suggest the link between non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and cognition. Recent study indicated that selective activation of cholinergic neurons in basal forebrain inhibits electroencephalogram (EEG) delta power and shortens NREM sleep. In the current study, we aimed to test the pharmacological effect of trihexyphenidyl (THP), a selective muscarinic M1 receptor an…
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- Blockade of Voltage-Dependent K+ Channels by Benztropine, a Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Inhibitor, in Coronary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. [Journal Article]Toxicol Sci. 2022 09 24; 189(2):260-267.TS
- We investigated the effect of the acetylcholine muscarinic receptor inhibitor benztropine on voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. Benztropine inhibited Kv currents in a concentration-dependent manner, with an apparent IC50 value of 6.11 ± 0.80 μM and Hill coefficient of 0.62 ± 0.03. Benztropine shifted the steady-state activation curves toward a more…
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- Occurrence, ecological risk assessment and prioritization of pharmaceuticals and abuse drugs in estuarine waters along the São Paulo coast, Brazil. [Journal Article]
- The pollution of the surface waters by pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) has attracted worldwide attention, but data regarding their occurrence and potential risks for the aquatic biota on tropical coastal rivers of South America are still scarce. In this context, the occurrence and the preliminary ecological risk assessment of eleven pharmaceuticals of various therapeutic classe…
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- Comparative Risk of Opioid Overdose With Concomitant Use of Prescription Opioids and Skeletal Muscle Relaxants. [Journal Article]Neurology. 2022 09 27; 99(13):e1432-e1442.Neur
- The concomitant use of prescription opioids and skeletal muscle relaxants has been associated with opioid overdose, but little data exist on the head-to-head safety of these drug combinations. The objective of this study was to compare the risk of opioid overdose among patients on long-term opioid therapy who concurrently initiate skeletal muscle relaxants.
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- Bioanalytical method for estimation of procyclidine in human plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Application to pharmacokinetic study. [Journal Article]Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester). 2022 Jun; 28(3-4):89-93.EJ
- A rapid, selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for quantification of procyclidine hydrochloride in human plasma using Procyclidine D11 hydrochloride as internal standard. Liquid-liquid extraction technique with methyl tertiary butyl ether was used for the extraction of plasma samples. Chromatographic separation of the …
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- Prolonged extrapyramidal symptoms induced by long-term, intermittent administration of low-dose olanzapine along with metoclopramide for emesis: A case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: Long-term, intermittent administration of low-dose antipsychotics with other antiemetics having D2 receptor antagonism can cause prolonged EPS. Especially in cancer patients, who often require polypharmacy, clinicians should consider exacerbated adverse effects due to drug interactions.
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- Treatment initiation for parkinson's disease in Australia 2013-2018: a nation-wide study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Treatment initiation with levodopa was most frequent among persons aged ≥ 65 years, consistent with current guidelines. Whilst the value of levodopa sparing strategies is unclear, treatment initiation with DA has become increasingly common relative to levodopa among women but not among men aged < 65 years.
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- Transient electrical alternans in a patient with sinus tachycardia attributed to orphenadrine citrate ingestion. [Letter]Emerg Med Australas. 2022 08; 34(4):652-653.EM
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- Cholinergic models of memory impairment in animals and man: scopolamine vs. biperiden. [Journal Article]
- Scopolamine has been used as a pharmacologic model for cognitive impairments in dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The validity of this model seems to be limited because findings in animals do not readily translate to novel treatments in humans. Biperiden is also a cholinergic deficit model for cognitive impairments but specifically blocks muscarinic M1 receptors. The effects of scopolamine and bi…
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- The Role of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in the Development of Alzheimer's Disease. [Review]
- Along with the increase in life expectancy in the populations of developed and developing countries resulting from better access and improved health care, the number of patients with dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), is growing. The disease was first diagnosed and described at the beginning of the 20th century. However, to this day, there is no effective causal therapy, and symptomati…
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- First report on the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and cocaine in the coastal waters of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and its related ecological risk assessment. [Journal Article]
- The worldwide occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in aquatic ecosystems is reason for public concern. These emerging micropollutants include a large and diverse group of organic compounds, with continuous input, high environmental persistence and potential threat to biota and human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the occurrence of tw…
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- Blockade of M4 muscarinic receptors on striatal cholinergic interneurons normalizes striatal dopamine release in a mouse model of TOR1A dystonia. [Journal Article]
- Trihexyphenidyl (THP), a non-selective muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist, is commonly used for the treatment of dystonia associated with TOR1A, otherwise known as DYT1 dystonia. A better understanding of the mechanism of action of THP is a critical step in the development of better therapeutics with fewer side effects. We previously found that THP normalizes the deficit in striatal dopamine …
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- [Efficiency and safety of a fixed combination of Orphenadrine and Diclofenac for postoperative analgesia in cardiac surgery patients]. [Journal Article]Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2022; 122(2):61-67.ZN
- CONCLUSIONS: There were demonstrated safety, high analgesic efficacy and significant opioid-sparing effect of a fixed combination of Orphenadrine and Diclofenac in the early postoperative period of cardiac surgery patients within the framework of the inclusion and exclusion criteria accepted in the study.
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- Intravenous ibuprofen versus diclofenac plus orphenadrine in orthognathic surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical study. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate that ibuprofen administration and lower BMI were associated with less pain for patients who underwent bimaxillary osteotomy on the third postoperative day. Therefore, surgeons may prefer ibuprofen for more effective pain relief after orthognathic surgery.
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- Amisulpride withdrawal akathisia responding to aripiprazole with propranolol in first-onset psychosis: a case report. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: The present case highlights the potential for the development of withdrawal akathisia when the dose of amisulpride is tapered abruptly. Thus, a slow tapering and careful monitoring are recommended when switching from amisulpride to other antipsychotic drugs. Furthermore, this case suggests that changing the regimen to aripiprazole with propranolol may be a potential option for amisulpride withdrawal akathisia superimposed on pre-existing hyperprolactinemia.
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- The Relative Efficacy of Seven Skeletal Muscle Relaxants. An Analysis of Data From Randomized Studies. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Among patients in the ED with acute LBP treated with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, SMRs do not improve outcomes more than placebo. Neither age, sex, nor baseline impairment impacts these results.
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- Systematic Review on Parkinson's Disease Medications, Emphasizing on Three Recently Approved Drugs to Control Parkinson's Symptoms. [Review]
- Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a disease that involves neurodegeneration and is characterised by the motor symptoms which include muscle rigidity, tremor, and bradykinesia. Other non-motor symptoms include pain, depression, anxiety, and psychosis. This disease affects up to ten million people worldwide. The pathophysiology behind PD is due to the neurodegeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway. There…
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- Amantadine treatment and delayed onset of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in patients with early Parkinson's disease. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Early treatment with amantadine may delay LID onset more than treatment with other symptomatic agents. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of amantadine in LID onset delay and to validate our findings.
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