- Vascular dysfunction and body mass index in African adults with HIV. [Journal Article]BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2023 Feb 03; 23(1):64.BC
- CONCLUSIONS: Underweight PWH in SSA had lower cfAIX measurements compared to normal weight individuals, indicating less arterial stiffness. However, similar cfPWV, crPWV and crAIX values among the underweight and overweight PWH suggest a low BMI may not confer substantial protection against impaired vascular compliance as a contributor to CVD risk among individuals on ART.
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- Thirty years of change in HIV incidence among adults in the Kyamulibwa General Population Cohort in rural southwest Uganda, 1989-2021. [Journal Article]Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Feb 01 [Online ahead of print]IJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Facilitating HIV testing and timely ART initiation, and supporting ART adherence must be emphasized alongside sustainable prevention measures.
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- Mortality rates by gender and sexual orientation reveal a disproportionally high mortality among cisgender men of unknown sexual orientation and men who have sex with women in a cohort of people living with HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. [Journal Article]Braz J Infect Dis. 2023 Jan 31 [Online ahead of print]BJ
- CONCLUSIONS: We observed disparities in the hazard of death for men with unknown sexual orientation and men who have sex with women despite universal access to antiretroviral therapy in Brazil. Future work should characterize and assist men with unknown sexual orientation with tailored policies and interventions. Increased hazard of death was not observed for transgender women, which probably results from interventions implemented in our service to reach, engage, retain, and support this population.
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- Perspectives of people living with HIV age 50 and over regarding barriers and resources for care. [Journal Article]AIDS Care. 2023 Feb 03 [Online ahead of print]AC
- ABSTRACTWith early and effective antiretroviral therapy leading to improved life expectancy in people with HIV (PWH), PWH aged 50 or older face concerns and issues related to aging. Providers at the University of Colorado identified a need to assess the healthcare needs of PWH aged 50 and older at the UCHealth Infectious Diseases/Travel (TEAM) Clinic in Aurora, Colorado. A survey was developed to…
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- Generation of functional human T cell development in NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull humanized mice without using fetal tissue: Application as a model of HIV infection and persistence. [Journal Article]Stem Cell Reports. 2023 Jan 25 [Online ahead of print]SC
- Humanization of mice with functional T cells currently relies on co-implantation of hematopoietic stem cells from fetal liver and autologous fetal thymic tissue (so-called BLT mouse model). Here, we show that NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull mice humanized with cord blood- derived CD34+ cells and implanted with allogeneic pediatric thymic tissues excised during cardiac surgeries (CCST) represent an alternative…
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- Survival of persons living with HIV/AIDS: A multicentric study from India. [Journal Article]Curr HIV Res. 2023 Jan 23 [Online ahead of print]CH
- CONCLUSIONS: The survival of PLHA with good adherence to ART is independent of the WHO stage or CD4 counts at the initiation of ART. Initiation of ART after 35 years of age was a significant predictor of mortality.
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- The effect of efavirenz on reward processing in asymptomatic people living with HIV: a randomized controlled trial. [Journal Article]AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2023 Feb 03 [Online ahead of print]AR
- Functional MRI studies have demonstrated that HIV-infection affects the fronto-striatal network. It has not been examined what impact efavirenz, an antiretroviral drug notorious for its neurocognitive effects, has on the reward system: a key subcomponent involved in depressive and apathy symptoms. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of efavirenz on reward processing using a monet…
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- PolyIC-coated Prussian blue nanoparticles as a dual-mode HIV latency reversing agent. [Journal Article]Nanomedicine (Lond). 2023 Feb 03 [Online ahead of print]N
- Aim: To investigate Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) coated with the synthetic analog of dsRNA polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (polyIC) for their ability to function as HIV latency reversing agents. Methods: A layer-by-layer method was used to synthesize polyIC-coated PBNPs (polyIC-PBNPs). PolyIC-PBNPs were stable and monodisperse, maintained the native absorbance properties of both polyIC and…
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- Distinct patterns of fasting plasma glucose and lipid profile levels over time in adults tested positive for HIV on HAART in Shanghai, China, revealed using growth mixture models. [Journal Article]Front Med (Lausanne). 2022; 9:1071431.FM
- CONCLUSIONS: The change patterns of plasma glucose and lipid in patients tested positive for HIV were heterogeneous and tailored interventions should be considered in specific subgroups.
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- Pharmacotherapeutic Interventions in People Living With HIV Undergoing Solid Organ Transplantation: A Scoping Review. [Journal Article]Transplant Direct. 2023 Feb; 9(2):e1441.TD
- CONCLUSIONS: Our results constitute an extensive overview of current practices in the pharmacotherapeutic management of SOT in PLWHIV and identify knowledge gaps that should be addressed to help improve patient care in this specific population.
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- Pre-Pandemic Predictors of Medication Adherence and HIV Viral Load During the First Year of COVID-19. [Journal Article]J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2022 Nov 03 [Online ahead of print]JA
- Studies have reported significant immediate impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the social relationships and healthcare of people living with HIV. This study followed a closed cohort of young people living with HIV over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were men and women (N = 140) age 36 and younger who were living with HIV and had demonstrated suboptimal adherence to antiret…
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- Electronic dose monitoring device patterns in youth living with HIV enrolled in an adherence intervention clinical trial. [Journal Article]J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2022 Nov 07 [Online ahead of print]JA
- CONCLUSIONS: Use of GBTM allowed a more nuanced understanding of EDM-based adherence over time compared to collapsed summary measures. In addition to the study intervention, other factors influencing EDM-based adherence included being in school, decision-making styles, and adherence-related motivation. This information can be used to design better intervention services for YLWH.
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- Patient satisfaction among persons living with HIV/AIDS and receiving antiretroviral therapy in urban Uganda: A factor analysis. [Journal Article]PLoS One. 2023; 18(2):e0280732.Plos
- CONCLUSIONS: The reliability of the CAHPS instrument was high for measuring satisfaction. Providers' technical and interpersonal skills, and the quality of reception services are key to achieving patient satisfaction. Health system interventions to address the gaps identified will enhance the quality of patient-centered HIV/AIDS care in the Ugandan setting.
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- Human immunodeficiency virus in the Russian Federation: mortality, prevalence, risk factors, and current understanding of sexual transmission. [Journal Article]AIDS. 2022 Dec 07 [Online ahead of print]AIDS
- CONCLUSIONS: Interventions that reduce HIV prevalence, for example, opioid substitution therapy and needle-sharing programs for people who inject drugs, as well as the increased availability of educational and preventive programs may halt the spread of HIV across the Russian Federation. Similarly, increased access to treatment could help in reducing HIV-related mortality.
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- The relationships among stress-responsive biomarkers, ART adherence, and viral suppression among adolescent girls and young women living with HIV in South Africa: An HPTN 068 Analysis. [Journal Article]J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2022 Dec 12 [Online ahead of print]JA
- CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of psychosocial stressors and persistent herpesviruses in AGYW living with HIV has the potential to lead to poorer health outcomes. More research is needed to untangle relationships between economic stability, chronic disease, and chronic stress.
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- Antiretroviral Options and Treatment Decisions During Pregnancy. [Review]Paediatr Drugs. 2023 Feb 02 [Online ahead of print]PD
- The majority of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are the result of vertical transmissions that occur during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. The treatment of all pregnant persons living with HIV remains a global health initiative. Early and consistent use of antiretroviral therapy throughout pregnancy and childbirth drastically reduces the risk of perinatal transmi…
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- Precarious Housing Associated with Unsuppressed Viral load, sub-optimal Access to HIV Treatment and Unmet Health care Needs, Among Women Living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada. [Journal Article]AIDS Behav. 2023 Feb 02 [Online ahead of print]AB
- We investigated associations between (1) housing status (four categories measuring housing stability) and outcomes along the HIV care continuum (not currently on antiretroviral therapy [ART]; sub-optimal ART adherence [< 95% in the last 3-4 weeks]; unsuppressed viral load [> 200 copies/ml], median CD4 < 200 in the last six months), and (2) housing status and unmet primary, dental and mental healt…
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- Hypertension and one-year risk of all-cause mortality among women with treated HIV in the United States. [Journal Article]AIDS. 2022 Dec 26 [Online ahead of print]AIDS
- CONCLUSIONS: Among women with treated HIV, those with hypertension, compared to those without, had an increased one-year risk of all-cause mortality.
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- Creatinine and cystatin C-based eGFR estimate of kidney function in black people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy. [Journal Article]AIDS. 2022 Dec 26 [Online ahead of print]AIDS
- CONCLUSIONS: The CKD-EPI 2021 creatinine-based formula was better aligned with eGFR-cystatin C than the 2009 formula. eGFR-cystatin C may provide clinically useful information in Black people with eGFR <60 irrespective of ART regimen.
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- Factors associated with reduced function and quality of life among adult plwh with depression and substance use in the asia-pacific region. [Journal Article]AIDS. 2022 Dec 30 [Online ahead of print]AIDS
- CONCLUSIONS: PLWH with depression/SU experienced poorer QoL and function despite routine engagement in HIV care. Efforts to integrate mental health services and interventions addressing disability into HIV management should be prioritised in the region.
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- Effect of HIV stigma on depressive symptoms, treatment adherence, and viral suppression among youth with HIV. [Journal Article]AIDS. 2022 Dec 30 [Online ahead of print]AIDS
- CONCLUSIONS: Stigma was associated with depressive symptoms, non-adherence and detectable VL. Interventions to decrease stigma may improve virologic and mental health outcomes in YWHIV.
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- EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TUBERCULOSIS AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN THE AFRICAN COHORT STUDY FROM 2013-2021. [Journal Article]J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2023 Jan 03 [Online ahead of print]JA
- CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence and incidence of TB was notably high in this cohort sourced from PEPFAR clinics. Aggressive efforts to enhance HIV diagnosis and optimize treatment in programmatic settings are warranted to reduce risk of HIV-TB co-occurrence in this cohort.
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- Fracture prevalence and its association with bone density among children living with HIV in Zimbabwe. [Journal Article]AIDS. 2023 Jan 09 [Online ahead of print]AIDS
- CONCLUSIONS: Prevalent fractures may be associated with low lumbar spine bone density in CLWH. Fracture surveillance and strategies to reduce future fracture risk are warranted as CLWH enter adulthood.
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- Assessing Renal Impairment in Treatment-Naïve Adolescents Living with HIV Commencing Antiretroviral Therapy In Zimbabwe. [Journal Article]AIDS. 2023 Jan 16 [Online ahead of print]AIDS
- CONCLUSIONS: Renal impairment is common in adolescent ART-naïve PLWHIV, and baseline renal impairment is associated with longstanding renal impairment, while baseline proteinuria trended towards an association with longstanding renal impairment.
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- A prospective 18F-FDG PET/CT study of the neurometabolic effects in cocaine use and HIV infection. [Journal Article]AIDS. 2023 Jan 20 [Online ahead of print]AIDS
- CONCLUSIONS: HIV infection and cocaine usage were independently associated with a decrease in brain glucose uptake as measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT. When combined, positive HIV status and cocaine patients showed the most decreased 18F-FDG uptake.
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- Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, HIV-1 and Kaposi sarcoma risk in black South Africans diagnosed with cancer during antiretroviral treatment rollout. [Journal Article]Int J Cancer. 2023 Feb 02 [Online ahead of print]IJ
- Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes Kaposi sarcoma (KS). The risk of KS is amplified in HIV-immunosuppressed individuals and antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces KS incidence. Reliable data on the relationship between these factors are lacking in Africa. We used questionnaires and serum from 7,886 black South Africans (18-74 years) with incident cancer, recruited between 1995 and …
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- Cervical Cancer Screening Service Utilization and Associated Factors Among Women Living With HIV Receiving Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of cervical cancer screening service utilization was low. It was associated with occupation status, family history of cervical cancer, awareness about cervical cancer screening, history of STI, and ever heard about cervical cancer. Thus, to maximize utilization, health education programs and other multidisciplinary strategies had to be implemented.
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- Sex and Race Disparities in Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost Among People With HIV: A 21-Year Observational Cohort Study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Despite marked improvement over time, sex disparities in mortality as well as sex and race disparities in YPLL remained among PWH in this cohort.
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- Cannabis Use Is Associated With Decreased Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Older Adults With HIV. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Among a cohort of older PWH, current cannabis users had a higher risk of <100% ART adherence compared to nonusers. These findings have important clinical implications as suboptimal ART adherence is associated with ART drug resistance, virologic failure, and elevated risk for mortality. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which cannabis use decreases ART adherence in older PWH and to advance the development of more efficacious methods to mitigate nonadherence in this vulnerable population.
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- Phenotypic Profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific CD4 T-Cell Responses in People With Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Who Develop Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Although the murine model of Mycobacterium avium complex-IRIS suggests that Eomes+CD4 T cells underly IRIS, TB-IRIS was not associated with Eomes expression in patients. Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific IFNγ+CD4 T-cell responses in TB-IRIS patients are differentiated, highly activated, and potentially cytotoxic.
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