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- Regression of human immunodeficiency virus-associated oral Kaposi sarcoma with combined antiretroviral therapy: A case report and literature review. [Journal Article]
- HNHead Neck 2018 Dec 15
- CONCLUSIONS: In antiretroviral-naive patients with a well-preserved immune system, the use of cART may be efficient in reducing the progression of the KS lesions, thus avoiding the use of chemotherapeutic agents.
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- Supportive interventions to improve retention on ART in people with HIV in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. [Journal Article]
- PlosPLoS One 2018; 13(12):e0208814
- CONCLUSIONS: Supportive interventions are associated with increased ART programme retention, but evidence quality is generally low to moderate. The data from this review suggest that programmes addressing psychosocial needs can significantly help retain patients in care.
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- Effect of Macrolide Prophylactic Therapy on AIDS-Defining Conditions and HIV-Associated Mortality. [Journal Article]
- JAJ Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2018 Dec 10
- CONCLUSIONS: Macrolide prophylaxis is associated with improved survival among Asian HIV-infected patients with low CD4 cell counts and on ART. This study suggests the increased usage and coverage of macrolide prophylaxis among people living with HIV in Asia.
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- [The experience in the application of nikavir in the schemes of perinatal chemoprophylactics of HIV infection: evaluation of the immunological and virusological effectiveness.] [Journal Article]
- VVVopr Virusol 2018; 63(5):212-217
- CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results allow us to consider ART with the inclusion of nicavir effective and recommend its priority use in perinatal prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
- High prevalence of binge drinking among people living with HIV in four African countries. [Journal Article]
- JIJ Int AIDS Soc 2018; 21(12):e25202
- CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol consumption patterns varied widely across settings and binge drinking was more frequent in HIV-positive individuals compared to the general population. Interventions to reduce excessive alcohol use are urgently needed to optimize adherence in the era of universal ART.
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- Persons living with HIV with advanced HIV disease: need for novel care models. [Journal Article]
- JIJ Int AIDS Soc 2018; 21(12):e25210
- CONCLUSIONS: A total of 305,443 PLHIV were included in the analysis: 118,580 (38.8%) CD4+ ≥200, 91,788 (30.1%) CD4+ 100 to 199, 44,029 (14.4%) CD4+ 50 to 99 and 51,046 (16.7%) CD4+ <50 cells/mm3 . At 12 months after ART initiation, attrition for those with CD4+ ≥200, 100 to 199, 50 to 99 and <50 cells/mm3 was 21.3% (95% CI 21.1 to 21.6), 21.8% (95% CI 21.6 to 22.1), 27.3% (95% CI 26.9 to 27.7) and 33.6% (95% CI 33.2 to 34.0) respectively. In multivariable models, compared to PLHIV with CD4+ ≥200 cells/mm3 , those with CD4+ 50 to 99 cells/mm3 had 29% increased risk of attrition (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 1.29, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.32) and those with <50 cells/mm3 had 56% increased risk of attrition (AHR 1.56, 95% CI 1.53 to 1.58). Men had higher attrition compared to women across all CD4+ groups and overall were 28% more likely to experience attrition (AHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.29). Even after ART initiation, PLHIV with advanced disease had notably inferior outcomes with substantial gradient within the low CD4+ strata highlighting the need for targeted interventions for these populations.Greater efforts, including the identification of effective differentiated service delivery models, are needed to ensure that all PLHIV starting treatment can garner the benefits from ART and achieve favourable outcomes.
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- Assessing the adoption of lopinavir/ritonavir oral pellets for HIV-positive children in Zimbabwe. [Journal Article]
- JIJ Int AIDS Soc 2018; 21(12):e25214
- CONCLUSIONS: One hundred and fifty-seven children were enrolled (median age: 21 months; interquartile range 11.8 to 29.4). Survey data from 74 caregivers were included for analysis. Eighty-one per cent of the caregivers preferred pellets while 19% preferred the syrup formulation. Eighty-nine per cent assessed their child's response to taking the pellets as good or very good. Overall, 46% did not report any challenges while 54% reported one or more challenges with using the pellets. Difficulties with administration included: poor taste (36%; 26 participants); swallowing pellets (16%; 12 participants); finishing the dose (14%; 10 participants); and opening the capsule (10%; seven participants). Caregivers who were not confident to instruct others on pellet administration were 5.64 (95% confidence interval 1.45 to 21.95, p = 0.013) times as likely to experience a challenge.A large proportion of caregivers preferred pellets to other formulations of LPV/r and reported a good response to pellets; however, they also reported challenges with administration. Counselling should focus on ensuring that caregivers can confidently administer pellets and are able to instruct others, to ensure high uptake and good adherence to treatment. LPV/r pellets may be an acceptable substitute for other available forms of LPV/r for eligible children under three years if they are currently on or in need of LPV/r-containing regimens; however, challenges with administration still highlight the need for improved drug formulations for paediatric ART patients.
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- Circulating miRNA-375 as a potential novel biomarker for active Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS patients. [Journal Article]
- JCJ Cell Mol Med 2018 Dec 13
- The aim of this study was to identify circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) that could be used as biomarkers in patients at risk for or affected by AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Screening of 377 miRNAs was pe...
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- Mortality and losses to follow-up among adolescents living with HIV in the IeDEA global cohort collaboration. [Journal Article]
- JIJ Int AIDS Soc 2018; 21(12):e25215
- CONCLUSIONS: Both mortality and LTFU were worse among those entering care at ≥15 years. ALHIV should be evaluated apart from younger children and adults to identify population-specific reasons for death and LTFU.
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- High-risk behaviours, and their associations with mental health, adherence to antiretroviral therapy and HIV parameters, in HIV-positive men who have sex with men. [Journal Article]
- HMHIV Med 2018 Dec 12
- CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of MSM, a small, but significant proportion exhibited multiple concurrent risk behaviours.
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