- Expanded table: Some oral drugs for chronic insomnia. [Journal Article]Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2023 Jan 09; 65(1667):e6-e10.ML
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- Drugs for chronic insomnia. [Journal Article]Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2023 01 09; 65(1667):1-6.ML
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- Daridorexant (Quviviq) for insomnia. [Journal Article]Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2022 07 11; 64(1654):107-110.ML
- Quetiapine Add-On Therapy May Improve Persistent Sleep Disturbances in Patients with PTSD on Stabile Combined SSRI and Benzodiazepine Combination: A One-Group Pretest-Posttest Study. [Journal Article]Psychiatr Danub. 2022 Summer; 34(2):245-252.PD
- CONCLUSIONS: Quetiapine prescribed in the evening may be successful therapy for persistent sleep disturbances in patients with PTSD and generally good response to an SSRI and benzodiazepine combination, who previously failed to respond to some of the usual hypnotic medication or addition of first-generation antipsychotics: zolpidem, flurazepam, nitrazepam, promazine, and levopromazine.
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- Hospitalisations related to benzodiazepine, Z-drug, and opioid treatment in Italy: a claim on the risks associated with inappropriate use. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that, in Italy, the inappropriate use of BZD/ZD is a relevant heath issue, often leading to serious AEs requiring patients' ED visits and hospitalisation, especially in young women and patients with a history of substance abuse.
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- Past-year use or misuse of an opioid is associated with use of a sedative-hypnotic medication: a US National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Sedative-hypnotic use is common among persons who use opioids, which is of concern given the elevated mortality risk with concurrent use of these substances.
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- Selective actions of benzodiazepines at the transmembrane anaesthetic binding sites of the GABAA receptor: In vitro and in vivo studies. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Benzodiazepine binding to transmembrane anaesthetic binding sites of the GABAA receptor can produce positive or negative modulation manifesting as decreases or increases in locomotion, respectively. Selectivity for these sites may contribute to the distinct GABAA receptor and behavioural actions of different benzodiazepines, particularly at high (i.e. anaesthetic) concentrations.
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- Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed): Flurazepam [BOOK]Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). National Library of Medicine (US): Bethesda (MD)BOOK
- No information is available on the excretion of flurazepam into breastmilk. One case of infant sedation was reported in a woman taking flurazepam along with other sedating drugs during breastfeeding. Because of the long duration of action of flurazepam, an alternate hypnotic is preferred, especially while nursing a newborn or preterm infant.
- Prescription medications for insomnia are associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors in two nationally representative samples. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Multiple classes of prescription insomnia medications are associated with suicidal thinking and behaviors, even after analyses adjusted for measures of mental health.
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- Mother To Baby | Fact Sheet: Flurazepam (Dalmane®) [BOOK]Mother To Baby | Fact Sheet. Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS): BrentwoodBOOK
- Esta hoja trata de la exposición a la flurazepam en el embarazo y durante la lactancia. Esta información no debe usarse como un sustituto de la atención médica o los consejos de su proveedor de atención de salud.
- Mother To Baby | Fact Sheet: Flurazepam (Dalmane®) [BOOK]Mother To Baby | Fact Sheet. Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS): BrentwoodBOOK
- This sheet is about exposure to flurazepam in pregnancy and while breastfeeding. This information should not take the place of medical care and advice from your healthcare provider.
- In Brief: New benzodiazepine warnings. [Journal Article]Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2020 11 02; 62(1610):175.ML
- Vasorelaxant effects of benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics, and tandospirone on isolated rat arteries. [Journal Article]
- Benzodiazepines (BDZs) and non-BDZ sedative-hypnotics are effective for the management of chronic insomnia; however, they are associated with adverse effects such as headache, dizziness, and palpitations. Furthermore, long-term use of these medications is associated with decreased blood pressure (BP) or depressed baroreflex function. Therefore, here, we assessed whether BDZs and non-BDZs cause va…
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- Lemborexant (Dayvigo) for insomnia. [Journal Article]Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2020 Jun 29; 62(1601):97-100.ML
- Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of insomnia: quantitative comparison of drug efficacy. [Meta-Analysis]
- CONCLUSIONS: Each drug has its own characteristics in the treatment of insomnia, and this needs to be taken into consideration to meet individual clinical needs. These results serve as a quantitative supplement for clinical practice by reflecting the difference in efficacy of various drugs in the treatment of insomnia.
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- Risk of hospitalisation associated with benzodiazepines and z-drugs in Italy: a nationwide multicentre study in emergency departments. [Multicenter Study]
- Benzodiazepines (BZD) and z-drugs (ZD) are a widely prescribed group of medicines. They are often used inappropriately, and this is associated with adverse events (AEs), which may cause emergency department (ED) visits. The present study aimed to describe the characteristics of BZD and ZD related AEs leading to emergency department (ED) visit and hospitalisation in Italy, considering their plasma…
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- GABAA Receptor β2E155 Residue Located at the Agonist-Binding Site Is Involved in the Receptor Gating. [Journal Article]
- GABAA receptors (GABAARs) play a crucial role in mediating inhibition in the adult brain. In spite of progress in describing (mainly) the static structures of this receptor, the molecular mechanisms underlying its activation remain unclear. It is known that in the α1β2γ2L receptors, the mutation of the β2E155 residue, at the orthosteric binding site, strongly impairs the receptor activation, but …
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- The C loop at the orthosteric binding site is critically involved in GABAA receptor gating. [Journal Article]
- GABAA receptors (GABAARs) play a crucial role in mammalian adult brain inhibition. The dysfunction of GABAergic drive is related to such disorders as epilepsy, schizophrenia, and depression. Substantial progress has recently been made in describing the static structure of GABAARs, but the molecular mechanisms that underlie the activation process remain elusive. The C loop of the GABAAR structure …
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- Interventions to reduce bruxism in children and adolescents: a systematic scoping review and critical reflection. [Meta-Analysis]
- The aim of the present study was to perform a critical reflection about intervention options for bruxism reduction in children and adolescents. Search was conducted based on the PICO-structured question: "What are the intervention options to reduce bruxism in children/adolescents?". No language, year, or study design restrictions were imposed. Studies reporting interventions to reduce bruxism in …
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- Comparison of the Use of Hypnotic in Psychiatric Patients with Insomnia at the Mental Health Centre Prolet in Skopje. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The termination with the therapy, didn`t lead to the appearance of abstinential symptoms.
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- Tramadol, Methadone and Benzodiazepines added to Alcoholic Beverages. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The wide availability of addictive pharmaceutical is leading to fortification of alcoholic beverages on some countries. The addition of such depressant additives should be better known because of the potentially fatal consequences of the combination with ethanol, as well as the potential for adverse effects on behavior.
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- Treatments of sleep bruxism in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. [Meta-Analysis]
- Objective: Treatment of sleep bruxism (SB) in children is not well established. The aim of this study was to develop evidence-based recommendations on SB therapy in children between the ages of 2 and 17. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Literature searches were performed using MedLine (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library (November 30 2017). Resul…
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- Assessment of Inhibitory Effects of Hypnotics on Acetylcholine-Induced Contractions in Isolated Rat Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle. [Journal Article]Biol Pharm Bull. 2019; 42(2):280-288.BP
- The present study aimed to investigate the potential inhibitory effects of 21 clinically available hypnotics on acetylcholine (ACh)-induced contractions in rat urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) in order to predict whether these hypnotics could induce voiding impairment. ACh-induced contraction in rat UBSM was inhibited only by diphenhydramine (a histamine H1 receptor antagonist) at a concentra…
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- Expanded table: Some oral hypnotics for chronic insomnia. [Review]Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2018 May 07; 60(1546):e209-e213.ML
- Characterization and in vitro phase I microsomal metabolism of designer benzodiazepines: An update comprising flunitrazolam, norflurazepam, and 4'-chlorodiazepam (Ro5-4864). [Journal Article]
- The number of newly appearing benzodiazepine derivatives on the new psychoactive substances (NPS) drug market has increased over the last couple of years totaling 23 'designer benzodiazepines' monitored at the end of 2017 by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. In the present study, three benzodiazepines [flunitrazolam, norflurazepam, and 4'-chlorodiazepam (Ro5-4864)] offe…
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- Distinct Modulation of Spontaneous and GABA-Evoked Gating by Flurazepam Shapes Cross-Talk Between Agonist-Free and Liganded GABAA Receptor Activity. [Journal Article]
- GABAA receptors (GABAARs) play a crucial inhibitory role in the CNS. Benzodiazepines (BDZs) are positive modulators of specific subtypes of GABAARs, but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Early studies demonstrated the major impact of BDZs on binding and more recent investigations indicated gating, but it is unclear which transitions are affected. Moreover, the upregulation of GABAAR spont…
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- LC-MS-MS Method Development and Analysis of Stimulants, Opiates, Synthetic Opiates, PCP, and Benzodiazepines in Wastewater. Preponderance of these Drugs During Football Games. [Journal Article]
- A method was developed for the analysis of stimulant drugs, opiates, synthetic opiates, PCP, and benzodiazepines in wastewater samples using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). A total of 33 compounds (stimulant-type drugs and metabolites of opiates, synthetic opiates, PCP, and benzodiazepines) were analyzed. These drugs included amphetamine (Amp) (1), methamph…
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- Determination of benzodiazepines in beverages using green extraction methods and capillary HPLC-UV detection. [Journal Article]
- Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with and without ultrasound assistance (DLLME, UA-DLLME) and microextraction with packed sorbent (MEPS) methods for the extraction and determination of eight different benzodiazepines (BDZ) (chlordiazepoxide, flurazepam, bromazepam, oxazepam, lorazepam, clobazam, clonazepam, and flunitrazepam) in three commercial non-alcoholic and light alcoholic beverages…
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- Ionic Liquid-Based Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for Benzodiazepine Analysis in Postmortem Blood Samples. [Journal Article]
- Sample preparation is rapidly improving to fulfill the need for faster and more environmentally friendly alternatives. In this respect, ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) is an interesting technique. However, it has not yet been evaluated for the analysis of postmortem samples, which are frequently analyzed in forensic toxicology. This study investigates the ap…
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