- Nucleated Red Blood Cell Emergence-Time in Newborn Lambs Following a Dose of Darbepoetin Alfa. [Journal Article]Curr Pediatr Rev. 2022 Dec 19 [Online ahead of print]CP
- CONCLUSIONS: The NRBC emergence time in newborn lambs is similar to reports from newborn humans. By extrapolation, if a neonate has a high NRBC at birth, the erythropoietic stimulus likely occurred within the interval 24 to perhaps 96+ hours prior to birth.
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- Darbepoetin Alfa for Late-onset Anemia in Neonates with Rhesus Hemolytic Disease. [Journal Article]
- Neonates with Rhesus hemolytic disease can present with anemia beyond 1 wk of age due to bone marrow suppression and low erythropoietin secretion. Erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA) were tried to manage anemia in these neonates. Darbepoetin alfa (DA) is a long-acting ESA used to treat anemia in premature neonates and in children with chronic kidney disease or on cancer chemotherapy. The auth…
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- Overall Adverse Event Profile of Vadadustat versus Darbepoetin Alfa for the Treatment of Anemia Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Phase 3 Trials. [Randomized Controlled Trial]Am J Nephrol. 2022; 53(10):701-710.AJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with CKD-related anemia treated with vadadustat, we observed similar rates of adverse events relative to those treated with darbepoetin alfa.
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- Hyporesponsiveness to erythropoiesis-stimulating agent in non-dialysis-dependent CKD patients: The BRIGHTEN study. [Multicenter Study]
- Among non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (ND-CKD) patients, a low hematopoietic response to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) is a predictor for poor renal and cardiovascular outcome. To assess the method for evaluating hyporesponsiveness to ESA in patients with ND-CKD, a multicenter, prospective, observational study of 1,980 adult patients with ND-CKD with renal anemia was cond…
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- Functional Assessment of the Donor Heart During Ex Situ Perfusion: Insights from Pressure-Volume Loops and Surface Echocardiography. [Journal Article]J Vis Exp. 2022 10 11JV
- Heart transplantation remains the gold standard treatment for advanced heart failure. However, the current critical organ shortage has resulted in the allocation of a growing number of donor hearts with extended criteria. These marginal grafts are associated with a high risk of primary graft failure and may benefit from ex situ perfusion before transplant. This technology allows for extended orga…
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- Comparison of darbepoetin alpha and recombinant human erythropoietin for treatment of anemia in pediatric chronic kidney disease: a non-inferiority trial from India. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- To determine whether or not Darbepoetin alpha (DA) was non-inferior to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in the treatment of anemia in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3-5 (on or not on dialysis). This was a randomized, open-label, two-arm, parallel group, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial conducted at a tertiary care center in New Delhi, India. Fifty patients of ei…
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- Four Cases of Serum Copper Excess in Patients with Renal Anemia Receiving a Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor: A Possible Safety Concern. [Case Reports]
- Copper is an indispensable trace metal element and is mainly absorbed in the stomach and small intestine and excreted into the bile. Hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) have emerged as a novel approach for renal anemia management. Many intestinal genes, including divalent metal transporter 1, duodenal cytochrome B, and copper transporter ATPase7A, related to iron abs…
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- Diagnosis and Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A Review. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: MDS are diagnosed in approximately 4 per 100 000 people in the United States and are associated with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 37%. Treatments are tailored to the patient's disease characteristics and comorbidities and range from supportive care with or without erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for patients with low-risk MDS to hypomethylating agents, such as azacitidine or decitabine, for patients with higher-risk MDS. Hematopoietic cell transplantation is potentially curative and should be considered for patients with higher-risk MDS at the time of diagnosis.
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- Efficacy and safety of vadadustat compared to darbepoetin alfa on anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: Compared to darbepoetin alfa, vadadustat had the same effect in raising the hemoglobin level in NDD-CKD patients in the short term. Vadadustat may become an effective and safe alternative for the treatment of patients with anemia and CKD, especially in NDD-CKD patients. As the application of vadadustat is still under exploration, future research should compensate for the limitations of our study to estimate the vadadustat's value.
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- Successful Treatment of Refractory Anemia in a Patient With Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia Undergoing Hemodialysis. [Case Reports]
- Glycogen storage disease type Ⅰa (GSDIa), also known as von Gierke disease, is a rare inherited metabolic disorder caused by defective glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity. Although anemia, renal failure, and hepatic adenoma are the major clinical manifestations of GSDIa, there has been no report of refractory anemia in GSDIa patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) concomitant with multiple …
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- ASXL1 mutations with serum EPO levels predict poor response to darbepoetin alfa in lower-risk MDS: W-JHS MDS01 trial. [Journal Article]
- Darbepoetin alfa (DA) is used to treat anemia in lower-risk (IPSS low or int-1) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, whether mutations can predict the effectiveness of DA has not been examined. The present study aimed to determine predictive gene mutations. The primary endpoint was a correlation between the presence of highly frequent (≥ 10%) mutations and hematological improvement-erythroid…
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- Targeted Long-Read Sequencing Identifies a Retrotransposon Insertion as a Cause of Altered GNAS Exon A/B Methylation in a Family With Autosomal Dominant Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1b (PHP1B). [Journal Article]
- Pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib (PHP1B) is characterized predominantly by resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) leading to hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. These laboratory abnormalities are caused by maternal loss-of-methylation (LOM) at GNAS exon A/B, which reduces in cis expression of the stimulatory G protein α-subunit (Gsα). Paternal Gsα expression in proximal renal tubules is silenced…
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- Efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injection replacing epoetin alfa injection for the treatment of renal anemia in Chinese hemodialysis patients: A randomized, open-label, parallel-group, noninferiority phase III trial. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The overall efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa for the treatment of Chinese renal anemia patients undergoing hemodialysis are consistent with those of epoetin alfa.
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- Regulation of Erythropoiesis by the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway: Effects of Genetic and Pharmacological Perturbations. [Review]
- Red blood cells transport O2 from the lungs to body tissues. Hypoxia stimulates kidney cells to secrete erythropoietin (EPO), which increases red cell mass. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) mediate EPO gene transcriptional activation. HIF-α subunits are subject to O2-dependent prolyl hydroxylation and then bound by the von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL), which triggers their ubiquitination and prote…
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- Erythropoietic effects of vadadustat in patients with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease. [Journal Article]
- Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) develop anemia largely because of inappropriately low erythropoietin (EPO) production and insufficient iron available to erythroid precursors. In four phase 3, randomized, open-label, clinical trials in dialysis-dependent and non-dialysis-dependent patients with CKD and anemia, the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, vadadustat, was no…
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- Darbepoetin alfa injection versus epoetin alfa injection for treating anemia of Chinese hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney failure: A randomized, open-label, parallel-group, non-inferiority Phase III trail. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Darbepoetin alfa intravenously once per week can effectively increase Hb levels and maintain the target Hb levels well, which makes it not inferior to epoetin alfa intravenously twice or three times per week. Darbepoetin alfa shows an efficacy and safety comparable to epoetin alfa for the treatment of renal anemia.
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- Institutional Usage of Ferric Pyrophosphate Citrate (FPC) Delivered Via Dialysate in Reducing Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents (ESAs) and IV Iron Cost. [Journal Article]
- Dialysis patients are often iron deficient due to a multiple factors. Ferric pyrophosphate citrate is a complex iron salt that can be given via dialysate allowing maintenance of hemoglobin (Hgb) concentration and iron balance while reducing the need for IV iron. The purpose of this study is to perform a cost evaluation of FPC and the effect it has on lowering the dose/use of ESAs and IV iron ther…
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- Efficacy of daprodustat on anemia in hemodialysis patients with sustained inflammation: a case report. [Case Reports]
- Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors improve anemia in CKD and dialysis patients and were approved for anemia treatment with these populations in Japan. An 89 year-old man with anemia and on maintenance hemodialysis was successfully treated with a dose-up of darbepoetin alfa from 10 to 20 μg per week, and the dose was gradually tapered to 5 μg. Later, serum hemoglobin levels dec…
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- Two Phase 3 Studies on Ophthalmologic Effects of Roxadustat Versus Darbepoetin. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: In these studies, roxadustat, compared with DA, was not associated with an increased risk of adverse ophthalmologic events in these cohorts.
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- The Clinical Efficacy of Epoetin Alfa and Darbepoetin Alfa in Patients with Low-Risk or Intermediate-1-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Retrospective Multi-center Real-Life Study. [Journal Article]
- This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of epoetin alfa and darbepoetin alfa in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in the real-life setting. A total of 204 patients with low-risk or intermediate-1-risk MDS who received epoetin alfa or darbepoetin alfa were included. Hemoglobin levels and transfusion need were recorded before and during 12-month treatment. Hemoglobin levels w…
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- Genetic characterization of penicillin-binding proteins of nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae in the postpneumococcal conjugate vaccine era in Japan. [Journal Article]Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Jul; 120:174-176.IJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Our current study identified the 21 novel PBP profiles and remarkable mutations in the PBPs, which may be potentially associated with penicillin nonsusceptibility in NESp.
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- Clinical parameters among patients in Japan with anemia and non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease with and without diabetes mellitus who received roxadustat. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- CONCLUSIONS: Roxadustat maintained hemoglobin levels in the target range with similar clinical parameters irrespective of diabetes mellitus presence at baseline.
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- Desidustat in Anemia due to Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease: A Phase 3 Study (DREAM-ND). [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- CONCLUSIONS: Desidustat is non-inferior to darbepoetin in the treatment of anemia due to non-dialysis dependent CKD and it is well-tolerated.
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- Efficacy and Safety of Daprodustat for Treatment of Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease in Incident Dialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. [Randomized Controlled Trial]
- CONCLUSIONS: This randomized clinical trial found that daprodustat was noninferior to darbepoetin alfa in treating anemia of CKD and may represent a potential oral alternative to a conventional ESA in the ID population.
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- Treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney disease with the HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor enarodustat: A review of the evidence. [Review]
- Enarodustat, a newly developed hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, is used in clinical practice in Japan. Several clinical studies showed that enarodustat corrected and maintained hemoglobin (Hb) levels by stimulating endogenous erythropoietin production and improving iron utilization in anemic patients with chronic kidney disease, regardless of whether they were on dialysis. I…
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- Identification and molecular epidemiology of routinely determined Streptococcus pneumoniae with negative Quellung reaction results. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Some S. pneumoniae isolates identified by routine methods were S. pseudopneumoniae. Most NESp strains have a different genetic background compared with capsulated S. pneumoniae strains. The resistance patterns of S. pseudopneumoniae against common antibiotics were comparable to those of NESp.
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- Efficacy and Safety of Vadadustat for Anemia in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. [Review]
- Background: Vadadustat is a novel drug for treating anemia patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but its effect and safety remain uncertain. This study aimed to summarize the evidence for vadadustat in the treatment of CKD patients with anemia. Methods: PubMed, Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and an international trial register w…
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- Threshold of Serum Ferritin to Discriminate against Those at Greater Risk of Platelet Increase during Treatment with Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain Inhibitor. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that changes in PLT were correlated with s-ft and amount of hematopoiesis. This suggests that an increase in PLT due to iron levels is less likely when s-ft is 77.2 ng/mL or higher at the time of switching from DA to Rox. In contrast, TIBC was only related to hematopoiesis in these patients. Control of s-ft before initiation of HIF-PHI treatment and gradual hematopoiesis might reduce the risk of thrombosis when switching from erythropoiesis-stimulating agents to HIF-PHI.
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- A Novel Pneumococcal Surface Protein K of Nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae Promotes Transmission among Littermates in an Infant Mouse Model with Influenza A Virus Coinfection. [Journal Article]
- We established an infant mouse model for colonization and transmission by nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae (NESp) strains to gain important information about its virulence among children. Invasive pneumococcal diseases have decreased dramatically since the worldwide introduction of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccines. Increasing prevalence of nonvaccine serotypes, including NESp…
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- A Phase 3 Study of Enarodustat (JTZ-951) in Japanese Hemodialysis Patients for Treatment of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: SYMPHONY HD Study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Enarodustat was noninferior to DA for the treatment of anemia in CKD patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis and was generally well tolerated over 24 weeks.
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