- Status Epilepticus in Older Adults: Diagnostic and Treatment Considerations. [Journal Article]Drugs Aging. 2023 Feb 06 [Online ahead of print]DA
- Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the leading life-threatening neurological emergencies in the elderly population, with significant morbidity and mortality. SE presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in the older population given overlap with other causes of encephalopathy, complicating diagnosis, and the common occurrence of multiple comorbid diseases complicates treatment. First-l…
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- Seizure Occurring During Baclofen Monotherapy for Phenibut Withdrawal. [Journal Article]Clin Neuropharmacol. 2023 Feb 04 [Online ahead of print]CN
- CONCLUSIONS: Phenibut use is rising, and treatment options for PW, such as baclofen, warrant additional study. Potential risks of underdosing baclofen if used as monotherapy in PW may include seizures as withdrawal progresses. Baclofen's role in therapy may be more appropriate as an adjunct than a cornerstone of therapy. Treatment done in consultation with providers experienced in managing withdrawal such as a toxicologist may help reduce this risk.
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- Effects of tranquilization therapy in elderly patients suffering from chronic non-communicable diseases: A meta-analysis. [Meta-Analysis]Acta Pharm. 2023 Mar 01; 73(1):43-57.AP
- The current meta-analysis searched the literature connected to different tranquilizers used to treat elderly people and assessed it in terms of dose, types of outcomes and adverse effects, to determine a safe and acceptable tranquilizer and its optimal dose. A systematic literature review was undertaken for randomized controlled trials, case-control, retrospective and prospective studies on the u…
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- Postpartum Collapse Subsequent to Catatonia in a Female with COVID-19 Infection: a Rare Entity Visited. [Case Reports]
- Postpartum collapse is a life-threatening condition caused by obstetrical and non-obstetrical events. In this case report, we discuss a case of postpartum collapse in COVID-19-positive woman who required intensive care and mechanical ventilation for two days. After confusing collision of many provisional diagnoses soldiering for three days, she was ultimately diagnosed with malignant catatonia. T…
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- Recurrent Catatonia: Infection and Immunity in an Idiopathic Illness. [Case Reports]J Psychiatr Pract. 2023 01 01; 29(1):82-89.JP
- Catatonia can be associated with multiple physical and mental illnesses, and idiopathic catatonia is a well-recognized clinical entity. Here we report a case of recurrent idiopathic catatonia with underlying immunologic abnormalities, with an emphasis on etiological hypotheses. An 18-year-old female with mild learning disability, dyspraxia, autoimmune hypothyroidism, and nonceliac gluten intolera…
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- The development and validation of a prediction model of lithium carbonate blood concentration by artificial neural network: a retrospective study. [Journal Article]Ann Palliat Med. 2022 Dec; 11(12):3718-3726.AP
- CONCLUSIONS: The correlation, accuracy, and precision of ANN prediction are worthy to be further investigated to predict the blood concentration of Li carbonate.
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- Expanded table: Some oral drugs for chronic insomnia. [Journal Article]Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2023 Jan 09; 65(1667):e6-e10.ML
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- Drugs for chronic insomnia. [Journal Article]Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2023 01 09; 65(1667):1-6.ML
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- Evaluation of intravenous lorazepam dosing strategies and the incidence of refractory status epilepticus. [Journal Article]Epilepsy Res. 2022 Dec 22; 190:107067.ER
- CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients in the study received less than the recommended dose of IV lorazepam for SE. Patients who received less than 4 mg experienced an increased progression to RSE, which supports current guideline recommended dosing. While there was an increased rate of mortality in patients who received 4 mg compared to less than 4 mg, time in SE was prolonged in the patient population and severity of illness was only available for a limited number of patients included.
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- Behavioral restriction, lorazepam, and escitalopram uniquely influence the expression of naturalistic stereotypy in deer mice: perspectives on anxiety- and compulsive-like behavior. [Journal Article]
- Introduction: Stereotypical expression in laboratory-housed rodents can be explained by different motivational, coping, and motor dysfunction theories. Here, we aimed to explore the neurocognitive underpinnings of high stereotypical (HS) expression in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii), previously proposed as a model system of compulsive-like behavioral persistence. Specifically, we aimed…
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- The management challenges of a case with Flupentixol-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome. [Case Reports]Neuropsychopharmacol Rep. 2022 Dec 30 [Online ahead of print]NR
- CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, there were suggestions for the management challenges of NMS in patients receiving LA injectable antipsychotic agents.
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- Catatonia and Delirium: Assessment of Comorbidity, Prevalence, and Therapeutic Response in Medically Ill Inpatients From a University Hospital. [Journal Article]J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2023 Jan-Feb 01; 43(1):55-59.JC
- CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study on lorazepam use in catatonia-delirium patients; however, further studies are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of lorazepam in these patients. Catatonia and catatonia/delirium are underdiagnosed in inpatient wards and should be routinely assessed in patients with an altered mental status.
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- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling to Identify Physiological and Drug Parameters Driving Pharmacokinetics in Obese Individuals. [Journal Article]Clin Pharmacokinet. 2022 Dec 26 [Online ahead of print]CP
- CONCLUSIONS: Both physiological changes and drug properties impact drug pharmacokinetics in obese subjects. Clearance increases due to enhanced hepatic and renal blood flows. Volume of distribution is higher for all drugs, with differences among drugs depending on their pKa/logP.
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- Dexmedetomidine sublingual film (Igalmi) for acute agitation. [Journal Article]Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2022 12 26; 64(1666):203-205.ML
- Pain, Nausea, and Hospital Admission after Uterine Fibroid Embolization: A Comparison of 2 Protocols. [Journal Article]J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2022 Dec 13 [Online ahead of print]JV
- Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) procedures performed from 2013 to 2019 were reviewed. Seventy-two patients were treated with a standard protocol consisting of sedation, ketorolac, ondansetron, and overnight parenteral analgesics and antiemetics. Ninety-six patients were treated with a new protocol, which added transdermal scopolamine, lorazepam, and intravenous acetaminophen. Outpatient uterin…
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- The anti-anxiety drug lorazepam changes implicit behaviors but not explicit evaluations of sense of agency under authoritative pressure: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. [Journal Article]Front Psychol. 2022; 13:991357.FP
- Previous research on coercion has neglected the fact that agents under authoritative pressure may also suffer from coercive power, which can trigger anxiety-like emotional negativity on its victims. Furthermore, high levels of neuroticism and/or anxiety have been found to be associated with the compliance of various forms of social pressure. In this study, we investigate the effects of the anxiol…
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- Novel variants in GABAA receptor subunits: A possible association with benzodiazepine resistance in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. [Journal Article]Epilepsy Res. 2023 Jan; 189:107056.ER
- Benzodiazepines (BDZ) such as diazepam and lorazepam are popular as first-line treatment for acute seizures due to their rapid action and high efficacy. However, long-term usage of BDZ leads to benzodiazepine resistance, a phenomenon whose underlying mechanisms are still being investigated. One of the hypothesised mechanisms contributing to BDZ resistance is the presence of mutations in benzodiaz…
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- Focal status epilepticus: a review of pharmacological treatment. [Review]Neurologia (Engl Ed). 2022 Nov-Dec; 37(9):757-766.N
- CONCLUSIONS: The available scientific evidence is insufficient to claim that pharmacological treatment of focal SE should be different from treatment for generalised SE. More studies with a greater number of patients are needed.
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- Use of Alcohol, Cannabinoids, Psychostimulants, and Sedatives before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Students in 40 European Countries. [Journal Article]
- In March 2020, the WHO announced the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been ongoing for over 2 years. To stop the spread of the virus, the governments of many countries decided to introduce reasonable social restrictions that were suitable for pandemic waves. This led to radical changes in people's lives, especially among students, who are very active in society. Before COVID-19, being of student age …
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- StatPearls: Lorazepam [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine medication commonly used as the sedative and anxiolytic of choice in the inpatient setting owing to its fast (1 to 3 minute) onset of action when administered intravenously. Lorazepam is also one of the few sedative-hypnotics with a relatively clean side effect profile. This activity covers lorazepam, including mechanism of action, pharmacology, adverse event profile…
- Initial clinical applications treating pediatric and adolescent patients using MR-guided radiotherapy. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: MRgRT was well-tolerated by pediatric and AYA patients. There was no increased use of anesthesia outside of our usual practice. Dosimetric advantages were seen for patients with tumors in critical locations such as adjacent to or involving optic structures, stomach, kidney, bowel, and heart.
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- [Acute catatonia]. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: Several factors lead to the underdiagnosis of catatonia. It is problematic that even life-threatening malignant catatonia is often not recognized as such, although there is a mortality of about 50% if untreated. The best treatment outcome is achieved with a combination of benzodiazepines and ECT. The treatment of severe malignant catatonia represents an emergency indication for ECT.
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- Management of status epilepticus in childhood: a survey conducted at pediatric hospitals in the City of Buenos Aires. [Journal Article]Arch Argent Pediatr. 2022 Nov 24 [Online ahead of print]AA
- Introduction. Status epilepticus is the most common neurological emergency. Although mortality in children is low, morbidity may exceed 20%. Objective. To evaluate the management of status epilepticus by pediatricians who usually treat this condition. Population and methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study based on a survey administered to physicians from 3 pediatric hospitals in the City of B…
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- Tracheotomy in ventilator-dependent patients with COVID-19: a cross-sectional study of analgesia and sedative requirements. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: When appropriate personal protective equipment is available, use of tracheotomy in patients with COVID-19 who require MV may help to conserve medication supplies in times of extreme shortages.
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- The Prevalence of Atypical Antipsychotics, Antidepressants, and Benzodiazepines Use in Dementia Patients in King Abdulaziz Medical City. [Journal Article]
- Background Dementia is a major neuropsychiatric disease defined by a progressive decline in cognitive functions. Atypical antipsychotics, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines are mainly prescribed for dementia. Many dementia pharmacological management options are associated with serious health risks. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of antipsychotic, antidepressant, and ben…
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- Gabapentin to treat acute alcohol withdrawal in hospitalized patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. [Review]Drug Alcohol Depend. 2022 Dec 01; 241:109671.DA
- CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to support the widespread use of gabapentin to treat inpatients suffering AWS. All studies included in this meta-analysis are retrospective with high risk of confounding. Well-designed, randomized, controlled studies of gabapentin to treat patients with AWS are required.
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- Feasibility of a Pragmatic PBPK Modeling Approach: Towards Model-Informed Dosing in Pediatric Clinical Care. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Pragmatic PBPK modeling in pediatrics, based on compound models verified with adult data, is feasible. A thorough understanding of the model assumptions and limitations is required, before model-informed doses can be recommended for clinical use.
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- Low-Dose Lorazepam in the Treatment of Catatonia. [Journal Article]Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2022 11 03; 24(6)PC
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- Pharmacotherapy of alcohol withdrawal syndromes - Recommendations of the Polish Psychiatric Association and the Pharmacotherapy Section of the Polish Society for Addiction Research. [Guideline]Psychiatr Pol. 2022 Jun 30; 56(3):433-452.PP
- Alcohol addiction is one of the most common health problems. Long-term consumption of high doses of ethanol leads to numerous adaptive changes in the central and peripheral nervous systems, most notably a decrease in the activity of inhibitory GABAergic pathways and an increase in the activity of excitatory glutamatergic pathways. Up to half of patients may develop alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AW…
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- Management of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Disease. [Review]
- Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a common condition that is seen in treatment-seeking patients with Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). AWS, which typically starts within 4-6 h of the last alcohol use, can range from mild symptoms such as insomnia, tremors, and autonomic hyperactivity to more severe symptoms such as seizures and delirium tremens. Clinical Institute W…
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