- Differences in startle and prepulse inhibition in Cntnap2 knock-out rats are associated with sex-specific alterations in brainstem neural activity. [Journal Article]Neuroscience. 2023 Jan 25 [Online ahead of print]N
- The contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) gene encodes for the CASPR2 protein, which plays an essential role in neurodevelopment. Mutations in CNTNAP2 are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Rats with a loss of function mutation in the Cntnap2 gene show increased acoustic startle response (ASR) and decreased prepulse inhibiti…
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- Catatonia in neurodevelopmental disorders: assessing catatonic deterioration from baseline. [Review]Lancet Psychiatry. 2023 Jan 25 [Online ahead of print]LP
- Despite the inclusion of catatonia as a specifier of autism spectrum disorder in DSM-5, we-a team of child and adolescent neuropsychiatrists who specialise in paediatric catatonia and neurodevelopmental disorders-have identified a number of issues with the diagnosis and clinical management of catatonia in our patients. In this Personal View, we summarise the literature regarding catatonia in peop…
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- MicroRNA-218 regulates neuronal radial migration and morphogenesis by targeting Satb2 in developing neocortex. [Journal Article]Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2023 Jan 23; 647:9-15.BB
- Neuronal migration and morphogenesis are fundamental processes for cortical development. Their defects may cause abnormities in neural circuit formation and even neuropsychiatric disorders. Many proteins, especially layer-specific transcription factors and adhesion molecules, have been reported to regulate the processes. However, the involvement of non-coding RNAs in cortical development has not …
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- Autistic traits of children born very preterm assessed using Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition. [Journal Article]Early Hum Dev. 2023 Jan 25; 176:105716.EH
- Preterm birth has been linked with increased incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite the remarkable difference in the clinical backgrounds between ASD children born preterm and term, cross-sectional studies have found no striking difference in their autistic traits. To highlight autistic traits related with preterm birth, children born very preterm (prospective birth cohort, n = 50) …
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- Transactional relationships between maternal requesting and responsivity, adolescent compliance, and task demands in fragile X syndrome. [Journal Article]Res Dev Disabil. 2023 Jan 25; 134:104417.RD
- CONCLUSIONS: Task demands may have influenced maternal requesting, which in turn may have impacted adolescent compliance. Compliance with requests is important for both social and educational aspects of life, and further study of requesting and compliance in FXS is needed to identify effective teaching and behavioral intervention methods.
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- Autism spectrum disorder and personality disorders: How do clinicians carry out a differential diagnosis? [Journal Article]Autism. 2023 Jan 28 [Online ahead of print]A
- It is now recognised that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and personality disorders (PDs) have a variety of factors in common. However, the exact nature of the relationship between ASD and the PDs remains unclear. The overlapping symptom profiles of ASD and PDs can lead to diagnostic uncertainty - features of ASD and PD can be misattributed and easily lead to misdiagnosis of ASD patients. Since di…
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- Bias in assessment of co-occurring mental disorder in individuals with intellectual disabilities: Theoretical perspectives and implications for clinical practice. [Journal Article]J Intellect Disabil. 2023 Jan 28 [Online ahead of print]JI
- Influence from bias is unavoidable in clinical decision-making, and mental health assessment seems particularly vulnerable. Individuals with intellectual disabilities have increased risk of developing co-occurring mental disorder. Due to the inherent difficulties associated with intellectual disabilities, assessment of mental health in this population often relies on a different set of strategies…
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- A Mixed Methods Study of Autistic Adults' Mental Health Therapy Experiences. [Journal Article]Clin Psychol Psychother. 2023 Jan 27 [Online ahead of print]CP
- Autistic adults are at high risk for co-occurring mental health problems and need access to effective and appropriate mental health treatment. However, the relative effectiveness or acceptability of specific mental health strategies among autistic adults has not been previously examined. The current study sought to gain a deeper understanding of autistic adults' experiences and preferences regard…
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- Influence of parental knowledge and attitudes on the oral and dental health status of autistic children: A systematic review. [Journal Article]Spec Care Dentist. 2023 Jan 27 [Online ahead of print]SC
- CONCLUSIONS: Autistic children are susceptible to oral diseases, necessitating parental attention. Current evidence regarding this topic is limited and conflicting. The present systematic review faces limitations: included studies were few and predominantly cross-sectional. Moreover, study samples were small, predominantly male, conveniently recruited, and geographically limited. This paper serves as a foundation to guide future research and inspire oral health education and wellness promotion programs.
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- Gene×environment interactions in autism spectrum disorders. [Journal Article]Curr Top Dev Biol. 2023; 152:221-284.CT
- There is credible evidence that environmental factors influence individual risk and/or severity of autism spectrum disorders (hereafter referred to as autism). While it is likely that environmental chemicals contribute to the etiology of autism via multiple mechanisms, identifying specific environmental factors that confer risk for autism and understanding how they contribute to the etiology of a…
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- Nutritional status and eating behavior of children with autism spectrum disorders in Vietnam: A case-control study. [Journal Article]Nutr Health. 2023 Jan 27 [Online ahead of print]NH
- Background: Atypical eating behaviors and feeding issues are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Aim: This study aims to evaluate the nutritional status and eating behavior of the ASD and typically developing groups. Methods: A case-control study was conducted from January to April 2019 in Nghe An, Vietnam. A total of 93 children in each group participated in the study with th…
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- The Perspectives of Preservice Kinesiology Students Concerning Autism and Physical Activity: Differences by Adapted Physical Activity Exposure. [Journal Article]J Phys Act Health. 2023 Jan 27 [Online ahead of print]JP
- CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that APA education and contact with children with disabilities improves self-efficacy, perspectives, and knowledge of PA and motor concerns in children with autism spectrum disorder.
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- Maternal immune activation alters social affective behavior and sensitivity to corticotropin releasing factor in male but not female rats. [Journal Article]Horm Behav. 2023 Jan 25; 149:105313.HB
- Prenatal infection increases risk for neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism in offspring. In rodents, prenatal administration of the viral mimic Polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (Poly I: C) allows for investigation of developmental consequences of gestational sickness on offspring social behavior and neural circuit function. Because maternal immune activation (MIA) disrupts cortical develop…
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- Visual processing of complex social scenes in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: Relevance for negative symptoms. [Journal Article]Psychiatry Res. 2023 Jan 24; 321:115074.PR
- Current explanatory models of negative symptoms in schizophrenia have suggested the role of social cognition in symptom formation and maintenance. This study examined a core aspect of social cognition, namely social perception, and its association with clinical manifestations in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), a genetic model of schizophrenia. We used an eye-tracking device to analyze develo…
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- Evaluation of Chronic Constipation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. [Journal Article]J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2023 Feb 01; 76(2):154-159.JP
- CONCLUSIONS: Chronic constipation does not appear to be associated with a higher rate of abnormal colonic motility in children with ASD. Clinical information of disease duration and presence of soiling due to constipation show promise in identifying patients with ASD at a greater risk for abnormal colonic motility.
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- Factors predicting current and future use of video-modelling in teaching students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a Saudi Arabian perspective. [Journal Article]Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]DR
- CONCLUSIONS: Results show that video-modelling is still used as an assistive technology slightly in teaching students with ASD, suggesting that educators may find it challenging to use video-modelling in classrooms. Results indicate that using video-modelling in teaching students with ASD can be influenced by a variety of factors related to the Diffusion of Innovation Theory. This is evidence that educational and rehabilitation stakeholders need to cooperate in addressing these factors to close the research-practice gap, and improve the adoption of video-modelling in classrooms.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONFew studies have addressed how video-modelling as an assistive technology is being adopted in the classroom.The findings revealed that video-modelling was underutilized in the classrooms for students with ASD, indicating the need to investigate causes contributing to this lack of adoption and to increase video-modelling use.Perceived relative advantage, complexity, trialability, and observability predicted educators' current video-modelling use.Perceived relative advantage and trialability predicted educators' future video-modelling use.Support should be done via collaboration among special educators and other professionals (e.g., assistive technology specialists, occupational and physical therapists) to help in development of and use video-modelling more extensively.
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- Adaptive noise depression for functional brain network estimation. [Journal Article]
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one common psychiatric illness that manifests in neurological and developmental disorders, which can last throughout a person's life and cause challenges in social interaction, communication, and behavior. Since the standard ASD diagnosis is highly based on the symptoms of the disease, it is difficult to make an early diagnosis to take the best cure opportunity. …
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- Development and validation of the Executive Functioning Scale. [Journal Article]
- Executive functioning (EF) processes are essential for adaptive and flexible responding to the demands and complexities of everyday life. Conversely, if impaired, these processes are a key transdiagnostic risk factor that cuts across autism and a range of other neurodevelopmental (NDD) and neuropsychiatric (NPD) conditions. However, there are currently no freely available informant-report measure…
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- Struggle for recognition, rights, and redistribution: Understanding the identity of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in China. [Journal Article]
- The number of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) worldwide has increased rapidly in the past decade and China is no exception. Yet the identity development of Chinese parents of children with ASD is little understood. This study employed an ethics of care perspective to explore the identity of parents of children with ASD as shaped in their social-cultural context in mainland…
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- GRIN2B-related neurodevelopmental disorder: current understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms. [Review]
- The GRIN2B-related neurodevelopmental disorder is a rare disease caused by mutations in the GRIN2B gene, which encodes the GluN2B subunit of NMDA receptors. Most individuals with GRIN2B-related neurodevelopmental disorder present with intellectual disability and developmental delay. Motor impairments, autism spectrum disorder, and epilepsy are also common. A large number of pathogenic de novo mut…
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- A Hypothalamic Perspective of Human Socioemotional Behavior. [Journal Article]Neuroscientist. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]N
- Historical evidence from stimulation and lesion studies in animals and humans demonstrated a close association between the hypothalamus and typical and atypical socioemotional behavior. A central hypothalamic contribution to regulation of socioemotional responses was also provided indirectly by studies on oxytocin and arginine vasopressin. However, a limited number of studies have so far directly…
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- Identifying rare genetic variants in 21 highly multiplex autism families: the role of diagnosis and autistic traits. [Journal Article]Mol Psychiatry. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]MP
- Autism is a highly heritable, heterogeneous, neurodevelopmental condition. Large-scale genetic studies, predominantly focussing on simplex families and clinical diagnoses of autism have identified hundreds of genes associated with autism. Yet, the contribution of these classes of genes to multiplex families and autistic traits still warrants investigation. Here, we conducted whole-genome sequenci…
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- Feasibility of a Remote-based Nutrition Education and Culinary Skills Program for Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder. [Journal Article]J Nutr Educ Behav. 2023 Jan 24 [Online ahead of print]JN
- CONCLUSIONS: The remote-based nutrition program met feasibility benchmarks for adherence and retention and was well-accepted by participants. A remote-based format for nutrition interventions can reach a wider range of young adults with ASD; however, input from the target population should be considered in the development of the program.
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- Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with action-observation-execution on social interaction and communication in autism spectrum disorder: Feasibility study. [Journal Article]Brain Res. 2023 Jan 23; 1804:148258.BR
- CONCLUSIONS: Ten sessions of HF-rTMS combined with AOE could improve both the subitems of communication and daily living skills domain in children aged 7-12 years with ASD. Although it is still inconclusive, this behavioural improvement may be partly attributable to increased cortical activity, as evidenced by beta rhythms.
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- The validation of a Mandarin version of the Empathy Components Questionnaire (ECQ-Chinese) in Chinese samples. [Journal Article]
- Empathy involves both empathic ability and empathic motivation. An important topic has been how to measure empathic ability and motivation simultaneously in both clinical and non-clinical samples and across different cultures. The Empathy Components Questionnaire (ECQ) is a self-report questionnaire that measures empathic ability and motivation in a questionnaire. The current study aimed to valid…
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- Association of Potentially Damaging De Novo Gene Variants With Neurologic Outcomes in Congenital Heart Disease. [Journal Article]JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Jan 03; 6(1):e2253191.JN
- CONCLUSIONS: The study findings suggest neurodevelopmental outcomes are not associated with dDNVs as a group but may be worse in individuals with dDNVs and/or pLOFs in some gene sets, such as chromatin-modifying genes. Future studies should confirm the importance of specific gene variants to brain function and structure.
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- Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are differentially sensitive to interference from previous verbal feedback. [Journal Article]Autism. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]A
- Individuals with autism spectrum disorder can find behavioural flexibility challenging, often exhibited in terms of repetitive behaviours or restricted ranges of interests and activities. An inability to shift efficiently from one situation to another is connected with problems in daily life, and identifying factors associated with this ability may help develop teaching strategies to improve beha…
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- Suicide and non-fatal self-injury-related emergency department visits among individuals with autism spectrum disorder. [Journal Article]Autism. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]A
- This study used data for 14.4 million individuals with 43.5 million emergency department visits from all hospitals in the state of New York to explore the association between suicide and non-fatal self-injury-related (self-injury) emergency department visits and autism spectrum disorder. Overall, we found that individuals with autism spectrum disorder had more emergency department visits and admi…
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- Attention control in autism: Eye-tracking findings from pre-school children in a low- and middle-income country setting. [Journal Article]Autism. 2023 Jan 26 [Online ahead of print]A
- The development of cognitive processes, such as attention control and learning, has been suggested to be altered in children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. However, nearly all of our understanding of the development of these cognitive processes comes from studies with school-aged or older children in high-income countries, and from research conducted in a controlled laboratory envi…
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