- Mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: a systematic review. [Journal Article]Expert Rev Med Devices. 2021 Apr 09 [Online ahead of print]ER
- The use of mechanical ventilation associated with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, the most common complication in critically ill COVID-19 patients, defines a high risk population that requires specific consideration of outcomes and treatment practices.
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- Prodrugs of a 1'-CN-4-Aza-7,9-dideazaadenosine C-Nucleoside Leading to the Discovery of Remdesivir (GS-5734) as a Potent Inhibitor of Respiratory Syncytial Virus with Efficacy in the African Green Monkey Model of RSV. [Journal Article]J Med Chem. 2021 Apr 09 [Online ahead of print]JM
- A discovery program targeting respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) identified C-nucleoside 4 (RSV A2 EC50 = 530 nM) as a phenotypic screening lead targeting the RSV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Prodrug exploration resulted in the discovery of remdesivir (1, GS-5734) that is >30-fold more potent than 4 against RSV in HEp-2 and NHBE cells. Metabolism studies in vitro confirmed the rapid format…
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- Use of Remdesivir in Myasthenia Gravis and COVID-19. [Case Reports]Pharmacotherapy. 2021 Apr 09 [Online ahead of print]P
- Myasthenia gravis and the associated pharmacologic management options could place patients at higher risk of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and exhibiting more severe manifestations of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Multiple agents have been studied for the management of the COVID-19, including remdesivir. To date, no published reports have evaluated t…
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- Construction of Non-infectious SARS-CoV-2 Replicons and Their Application in Drug Evaluation. [Journal Article]
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a devastating pandemic worldwide. Vaccines and antiviral drugs are the most promising candidates for combating this global epidemic, and scientists all over the world have made great efforts to this end. However, manipulation of the SARS-CoV-2 should be performed in the biosafety level 3 laboratory. This makes experiments com…
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- SARS-CoV-2 and Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Pathogen Pincer Attack. [Review]
- Paramount efforts worldwide are seeking to increase understanding of the basic virology of SARS-CoV-2, characterize the spectrum of complications associated with COVID-19, and develop vaccines that can protect from new and recurrent infections with SARS-CoV-2. While we continue learning about this new virus, it is clear that 1) the virus is spread via the respiratory route, primarily by droplets …
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- SARS-CoV-2 drives JAK1/2-dependent local complement hyperactivation. [Journal Article]Sci Immunol. 2021 Apr 07; 6(58)SI
- Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) present a wide range of acute clinical manifestations affecting the lungs, liver, kidneys and gut. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2, the best-characterized entry receptor for the disease-causing virus SARS-CoV-2, is highly expressed in the aforementioned tissues. However, the pathways that underlie the disease are still poorly understood. Her…
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- Drug synergy of combinatory treatment with remdesivir and the repurposed drugs fluoxetine and itraconazole effectively impairs SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. [Journal Article]Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 06 [Online ahead of print]BJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Itraconazole-remdesivir and fluoxetine-remdesivir combinations are promising starting points for therapeutic options to control SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe progression of COVID-19.
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- Novel Coronavirus-2019 (2019-nCoV): Perspectives of emergence, prophylaxis and predicted treatment approaches. [Journal Article]Pak J Pharm Sci. 2020 Sep; 33(5):2199-2207.PJ
- Emergence of novel coronavirus-2019 has become an international health concern. The objective of this review is to focus on 2019-nCoV emergence, prophylaxis and to predict the treatment approaches. The first case of 2019-nCoV was noted in Wuhan, China. The WHO has announced this epidemic as pandemic. The 2019-nCoV has +ve ssRNA (29903bp), lipid-bilayer envelope spiked with glycoprotein and bears …
- Vitamin D is a potential inhibitor of COVID-19: In silico molecular docking to the binding site of SARS-CoV-2 endoribonuclease Nsp15. [Journal Article]Pak J Pharm Sci. 2020 Sep; 33(5):2179-2186.PJ
- Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a pandemic threat to public health. Vaccines and targeted therapeutics to prevent infections and stop virus proliferation are currently lacking. Endoribonuclease Nsp15 plays a vital role in the life cycle, including replication and transcription as well as virulence of the virus. Here, we investigated Vitamin D for its in silico potential inhibition…
- Racial and Ethnic Differences and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department. [Journal Article]Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Apr 02 [Online ahead of print]CI
- CONCLUSIONS: Minority patients were overrepresented among COVID-19 ED patients, and while they had similar risks of hospitalization as Whites, in-hospital mortality risk was higher. Interventions targeting upstream social determinants of health are needed to reduce racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19.
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- Discovery and in-vitro evaluation of potent SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors. [Preprint]bioRxiv. 2021 Apr 02B
- SARS-CoV-2 infection initiates with the attachment of spike protein to the ACE2 receptor. While vaccines have been developed, no SARS-CoV-2 specific small molecule inhibitors have been approved. Herein, utilizing the crystal structure of the ACE2/Spike receptor binding domain (S-RBD) complex in computer-aided drug design (CADD) approach, we docked ∼8 million compounds within the pockets residing …
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- Combination of convalescent plasma therapy and repurposed drugs to treat severe COVID-19 patient with multimorbidity. [Case Reports]
- Combination of convalescent plasma therapy and repurposed drugs such as dexamethasone and remdesivir could be beneficial for severe COVID-19 patients with obesity and chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.
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- The FDA and the COVID-19: A political economy perspective. [Journal Article]
- This article utilizes a political economy framework to examine how FDA regulations impacted the U.S. healthcare sector's ability to address COVID-19. I specifically examine the developing COVID-19 testing, the approval of the medication remdesivir, and COVID-19 vaccines. By examining periods before and after the FDA issued Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs), my analysis finds that the FDA's regu…
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- Drug repurposing for identification of potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain: An in silico approach. [Journal Article]Indian J Med Res. 2021 Jan & Feb; 153(1 & 2):132-143.IJ
- CONCLUSIONS: In the current investigation, simeprevir was identified as the potential antiviral drug based on the in silico findings in comparison to remdesivir, favipiravir and other 53 drugs. Further, laboratory and clinical investigations are needed to be carried out which will aid in the development of quick therapeutics designed for COVID-19.
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- Drugs intervention study in COVID-19 management. [Review]Drug Metab Pers Ther. 2021 Apr 05 [Online ahead of print]DM
- By 9 February 2021, the Coronavirus has killed 2,336,650 people worldwide and it has been predicted that this number continues to increase in year 2021. The study aimed to identify therapeutic approaches and drugs that can potentially be used as interventions in Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) management. A systematic scoping review was conducted. Articles reporting clinical evidence of therapeutic m…
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- Potential anti-COVID-19 agents, Cepharanthine and Nelfinavir, and their usage for combination treatment. [Journal Article]iScience. 2021 Mar 26 [Online ahead of print]I
- Antiviral treatments targeting the coronavirus disease 2019 are urgently required. We screened a panel of already-approved drugs in a cell culture model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and identified two new agents having higher antiviral potentials than the drug candidates such as Remdesivir and Chroloquine in VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells: the anti-inflammatory drug Cepha…
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- A review of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): based on genomic structure, phylogeny, current shreds of evidence, candidate vaccines, and drug repurposing. [Review]
- Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is instigated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of March 13, 2021, more than 118.9 million cases were infected with COVID-19 worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA beta-CoV. Most COVID-19 infected individuals recover within 1-3 weeks. Nevertheless, approximately 5% of patients develop acute respirator…
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- A Case of Severe COVID-19 in a Patient with Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease after Haploidentical Transplantation. [Case Reports]
- We report a case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after haploidentical transplantation with acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). COVID-19 and aGVHD were improved under treatment with arbidol, remdesivir, methylprednisolone, and ruxolitinib. However, eventually, the patient died of septic shock and multiple organ failure. It was concluded that the disease condition of this COVID-19 patie…
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- Computational Insights of phytochemical Driven Disruption of RNA dependent RNA polymerase Mediated replication of Coronavirus: A Strategic Treatment Plan against COVID-19. [Journal Article]New Microbes New Infect. 2021 Mar 31 [Online ahead of print]NM
- Current pandemic of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has raised global health concerns. RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is the prime component of viral replication/proliferation machinery and is considered to be a potential drug target against SARS-CoV-2. Present study investigated the anti-RdRp activity of phytochemicals against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Virtual ligand screening was carried out to …
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- The Role of Immunological and Clinical Biomarkers to Predict Clinical COVID-19 Severity and Response to Therapy-A Prospective Longitudinal Study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of the kinetics of IL-6 did not offer enhanced predictive value for disease severity in COVID-19 over common investigations such as CRP and vital signs.
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- A Scoping Insight on Potential Prophylactics, Vaccines and Therapeutic Weaponry for the Ongoing Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic- A Comprehensive Review. [Review]
- The emergence of highly virulent CoVs (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of novel ongoing "COVID-19" pandemics has been marked as an alarming case of pneumonia posing a large global healthcare crisis of unprecedented magnitude. Currently, the COVID-19 outbreak has fueled an international demand in the biomedical field for the mitigation of the fast-spreading illness, all through the urgent deploym…
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- Clinical outcomes of using remdesivir in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: A prospective randomised study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Remdesivir therapy for five days did not produce improvement in clinical outcomes in moderate to severe COVID-19 cases.
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- Prolonged persistence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during A+AVD therapy for classical Hodgkin's lymphoma: A case report. [Case Reports]
- We describe a case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a patient with mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) undergoing brentuximab vedotin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (A+AVD) therapy. A 43-year-old man presented to our hospital with a complaint of fever, for which he was diagnosed with COVID-19 after a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for severe acut…
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- An Overview of Current Knowledge of Deadly CoVs and Their Interface with Innate Immunity. [Review]Viruses. 2021 03 26; 13(4)V
- Coronaviruses are a large family of zoonotic RNA viruses, whose infection can lead to mild or lethal respiratory tract disease. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1) first emerged in Guangdong, China in 2002 and spread to 29 countries, infecting 8089 individuals and causing 774 deaths. In 2012, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in Saudi Arabia …
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- Antiviral Activity of the PropylamylatinTM Formula against the Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro Using Direct Injection and Gas Assays in Virus Suspensions. [Journal Article]
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become a severe threat to global public health. There are currently no antiviral therapies approved for the treatment or prevention of mild to moderate COVID-19 as remdesivir is only approved for severe COVID-19 cases. Here, we evaluated the antiviral potential of a …
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- Rapamycin: Drug Repurposing in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. [Review]
- Since December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has been a worldwide pandemic with enormous consequences for human health and the world economy. Remdesivir is the only drug in the world that has been approved for the treating of COVID-19. This drug, as well as vaccination, still has uncertain effectiveness. Drug repurposing could be a promising strategy how to find an appropriate molecule: rapamycin c…
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- Pharmacogenetics Approach for the Improvement of COVID-19 Treatment. [Review]
- The treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a challenge. The efficacy of several drugs has been evaluated and variability in drug response has been observed. Pharmacogenetics could explain this variation and improve patients' outcomes with this complex disease; nevertheless, several disease-related issues must be carefully reviewed in the pharmacogenetic study of COVID-19 treatm…
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- Interaction of Remdesivir with Clinically Relevant Hepatic Drug Uptake Transporters. [Journal Article]
- Remdesivir has been approved for treatment of COVID-19 and shortens the time to recovery in hospitalized patients. Drug transporters removing remdesivir from the circulation may reduce efficacy of treatment by lowering its plasma levels. Information on the interaction of remdesivir with drug transporters is limited. We therefore assessed remdesivir as substrate and inhibitor of the clinically rel…
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- COVID-19, a tale of two peaks: patients' characteristics, treatments, and clinical outcomes. [Journal Article]
- Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) continues to challenge healthcare systems globally as many countries are currently experiencing an increase in the morbidity and mortality. Compare baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, treatments, and clinical outcomes of patients admitted during the second peak to those admitted during the first peak. Retrospective analysis of 258 COVID-19 patients…
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- Management considerations for stroke-like episodes in MELAS with concurrent COVID-19 infection. [Journal Article]
- There have been considerations since the beginning of the Coronavirus pandemic that COVID-19 infection, like any other viral illness, can trigger neurological and metabolic decompensation in patients with mitochondrial diseases. At the time of writing, there were no published reports reviewing experiences and guidelines about management of COVID-19 infection in this patient population. We present…
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