- Antifibrinolytics use during surgery for oncological spine diseases: A systematic review. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: In this review, we found that TXA may diminish intraoperative blood loss, the need for transfusion and postoperative drainage from surgical drains when used in OSD without major increase in rates of DVT or PE.
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- Combination of Intravenous and Intra-Articular Application of Tranexamic Acid and Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. [Journal Article]Orthop Surg. 2022 Dec 27 [Online ahead of print]OS
- CONCLUSIONS: Although the TBL and HB drop were slightly greater in EACA group, these results were not clinically important, given that no transfusions were required. EACA could be an alternative to TXA, especially for patients with severe nausea and vomiting after using TXA postoperatively. Further studies are needed to adjust dosage of EACA to make better comparison of the two drugs.
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- Global Metabolomics Discovers Two Novel Biomarkers in Pyridoxine-Dependent Epilepsy Caused by ALDH7A1 Deficiency. [Journal Article]
- Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is a rare autosomal recessive developmental and epileptic encephalopathy caused by pathogenic variants in the ALDH7A1 gene (PDE-ALDH7A1), which mainly has its onset in neonates and infants. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent severe neurological sequelae or death. Sensitive, specific, and stable biomarkers for diagnostic evaluations and follow-…
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- The optimal regimen, efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid and aminocaproic acid to reduce bleeding for patients after total hip arthroplasty: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. [Meta-Analysis]Thromb Res. 2023 01; 221:120-129.TR
- CONCLUSIONS: As effective as high doses of EACA and TXA, medium dose (20-40 mg/kg or 1.5-3.0 g) of combined IV/IA TXA was enough to control bleeding for patients after THA without increasing risk for PE/DVT. TXA was at least 5 times more potent than EACA. Timing and number of doses had few influences on blood conserving efficacy.
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- Comparative metabolic profiling of wild Cordyceps species and their substituents by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. [Journal Article]
- Cordyceps is a genus of ascomycete fungi and used widely in fungal drugs. However, in-depth studies of the metabolites of wild Cordyceps species and their substituents are lacking. In this study, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolomics analysis was carried out to comprehensively profile the metabolites in wild Chinese Cordyceps species (Ophiocordyceps sinens…
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- 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives as Novel Antifibrinolytic Drugs. [Journal Article]
- Fibrinolysis is a natural process that ensures blood fluidity through the removal of fibrin deposits. However, excessive fibrinolytic activity can lead to complications in different circumstances, such as general surgery or severe trauma. The current antifibrinolytic drugs in the market, aminocaproic acid (EACA) and tranexamic acid (TXA), require high doses repetitively to maintain their therapeu…
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- Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Two Commercial Artificial Tears Between 0.18% and 0.3% Sodium Hyaluronate for Corneal Epithelial Healing in Pterygium Excision with Conjunctival Autograft Transplantation: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: With two commercial artificial tears, the corneal epithelial wound healing after pterygium surgery was faster in the 0.3% SH group than that of the 0.18% SH group. Superiority of 0.3% SH may be supported by the presence of epsilon-aminocaproic acid in this drug preparation. No significant adverse effects were exhibited during the short-term follow-up.
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- Modeling of Biological Activity of PEO-Coated Titanium Implants with Conjugates of Cyclic RGD Peptide with Amino Acid Bisphosphonates. [Journal Article]
- Titanium is considered to be the most essential metal in the field of implantology. The main factors determining metal biocompatibility, among others, include the morphology and chemical composition of the titanium surface. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop approaches to control the biological activity of the titanium surface by creating coatings that combine both an inorganic phase …
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- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation With Excessive Fibrinolysis Following Diagnostic Prostatic Biopsy for Prostate Cancer. [Case Reports]
- The most common hematological disorder associated with prostate cancer is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). In most cases, cancer patients with DIC have compensated fibrinolysis with a low incidence of bleeding. However, DIC with excessive fibrinolysis is a rare albeit life-threatening variant that can present with massive bleeding and is thought to occur due to the unique properties …
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- Tranexamic versus aminocaproic acids in patients with total hip arthroplasty: a retrospective study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The application of perioperative antifibrinolytics notably reduces the need for perioperative blood transfusions. What's more, this study demonstrated that TXA is superior to EACA for decreasing blood loss and transfusion rates while at a lower cost per surgery. These results indicate that TXA may be the optimum antifibrinolytics for THA in Chinese area rather than EACA.
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- Facile Preparation of Macro-Microporous Thorium Oxide via a Colloidal Sol-Gel Route toward Safe MOX Fuel Fabrication. [Journal Article]ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2022 Nov 30; 14(47):53165-53173.AA
- The identification of new colloidal sol-gel routes for the preparation of actinide oxides, which have a homogeneous and accessible porosity that can easily be impregnated by any concentrated actinide solution, opens new perspectives for the preparation of homogeneous nuclear fuel for minor actinide transmutation. This homogeneity allows us to avoid "hot spot" formation due to the local accumulati…
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- Discovery of DRP-104, a tumor-targeted metabolic inhibitor prodrug. [Journal Article]
- 6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) is a glutamine antagonist that suppresses cancer cell metabolism but concurrently enhances the metabolic fitness of tumor CD8+ T cells. DON showed promising efficacy in clinical trials; however, its development was halted by dose-limiting gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities. Given its clinical potential, we designed DON peptide prodrugs and found DRP-104 [isopropyl(S…
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- Antifibrinolytic therapy for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: The current evidence does not support the routine use of antifibrinolytic drugs in the treatment of people with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. More specifically, early administration with concomitant treatment strategies to prevent delayed cerebral ischaemia does not improve clinical outcome. There is sufficient evidence from multiple randomised controlled trials to incorporate this conclusion in treatment guidelines.
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- Glanzmann's thrombasthenia during pregnancy complicated by large subchorionic hematoma managed with antifibrinolytics, human leukocyte antigen-matched platelet transfusion, and primary cesarean delivery: a case report. [Case Reports]
- A 29-year-old primipara with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia presented for prenatal care at 8 weeks of gestation. Pregnancy remained uncomplicated until 22 weeks of gestation when a subchorionic hematoma, measuring 5.8 × 4.1 × 6.7 cm, was diagnosed and managed outpatient. At 28 weeks of gestation, the subchorionic hematoma was significantly expanding to 11 × 13 × 3.7 cm (∼30% of the placental surface)…
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- StatPearls: Aminocaproic Acid [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- Aminocaproic acid, an antifibrinolytic agent, is a medication used to manage and treat acute bleeding disorders. This activity outlines the indications, mechanism of action, and contraindications for aminocaproic acid as a valuable agent in managing hyperfibrinolysis-induced hemorrhage. This activity will also highlight other key factors, including the adverse event profile, off-label indications…
- Injectable adhesive self-healing biocompatible hydrogel for haemostasis, wound healing, and postoperative tissue adhesion prevention in nephron-sparing surgery. [Journal Article]Acta Biomater. 2022 10 15; 152:157-170.AB
- Nephron-sparing surgery is a well-established treatment in patients with T1a renal cell carcinoma; however, the complex suturing process prolongs warm ischaemia time, affects the preservation of normal renal parenchymal function, and causes avoidable postoperative tissue adhesion complications, including chronic abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, and female infertility. Hence, the design of …
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- Diagnosis and successful management of an extradural compressive hematoma secondary to diphacinone poisoning in a dog. [Case Reports]J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2023 Jan; 33(1):101-106.JV
- CONCLUSIONS: This is the first reported case of a dog with an extradural hematoma secondary to anticoagulant rodenticide causing spinal cord compression and neurological deficits. Surgical management of this case was successful and resulted in improvement of neurological signs. Extradural hematoma should be considered as a potential location of bleeding in rodenticide toxicity as well as a differential diagnosis in patients with neurological deficits.
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- Giardia duodenalis enolase is secreted as monomer during trophozoite-epithelial cell interactions, activates plasminogen and induces necroptotic damage. [Journal Article]
- Enolase, a multifunctional protein expressed by multiple pathogens activates plasminogen to promote proteolysis on components of the extracellular matrix, an important event in early host-pathogen interactions. A secreted form of enolase that is released upon the interaction of trophozoites with epithelial cells has been detected in the secretome of G. duodenalis. However, the role of enolase in …
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- Hypoxia-triggered O-GlcNAcylation in the brain drives the glutamate-glutamine cycle and reduces sensitivity to sevoflurane in mice. [Journal Article]Br J Anaesth. 2022 11; 129(5):703-715.BJ
- CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent hypoxia exposure decreased mouse sensitivity to sevoflurane anaesthesia through enhanced O-GlcNAc-dependent modulation of the glutamate-glutamine cycle in the brain.
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- Prophylactic Use of Antifibrinolytics During Pediatric Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass on Postoperative Bleeding and Transfusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. [Meta-Analysis]Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022 11 01; 23(11):e517-e529.PC
- CONCLUSIONS: Antifibrinolytics are effective at decreasing blood loss and blood product requirement in children undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB although the quality of evidence is only moderate.
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- Hepatopathy in Victorian dogs consuming pet meat contaminated with indospicine. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of severe and frequently fatal hepatopathy in dogs in Victoria relating to consumption of pet meat contaminated with indospicine.
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- Experience With Pre-procedural Hemostatic Medications versus Platelet Transfusion in Patients With Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency. [Journal Article]J Pharm Pract. 2022 Aug 17 [Online ahead of print]JP
- BackgroundStorage pool deficiency (SPD) is a rare bleeding disorder characterized by reduction in the number of delta granules within platelets, interfering with hemostasis. Current literature lacks well-designed studies from which to draw concrete conclusions regarding pre-procedural management of bleeding complications. Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe bleeding and safety out…
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- Targeting Glutaminase by Natural Compounds: Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approach to Suppress Cancer Progression. [Journal Article]
- Cancer cells change their glucose and glutamine (GLU) metabolism to obtain the energy required to continue growing. Glutaminase (GLS) plays a crucial role in promoting cell metabolism for cancer cell growth; targeting GLU metabolism by inhibiting GLS has attracted interest as a potential cancer management strategy. Herein, we employed a sequential screening of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) d…
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- Sirpiglenastat (DRP-104) Induces Antitumor Efficacy through Direct, Broad Antagonism of Glutamine Metabolism and Stimulation of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems. [Journal Article]
- Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid consumed by rapidly proliferating cancer cells, which deprives the same fuel from immune cells and contributes to tumor immune evasion. As such, the broad antagonism of glutamine in tumors and the tumor microenvironment may lead to direct antitumor activity and stimulation of antitumoral immune responses. DRP-104 (sirpiglenastat) was designed as a…
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- Safety of antifibrinolytics in 6583 pediatric patients having craniosynostosis surgery: A decade of data reported from the multicenter Pediatric Craniofacial Collaborative Group. [Multicenter Study]Paediatr Anaesth. 2022 12; 32(12):1339-1346.PA
- CONCLUSIONS: This multicenter international experience of pediatric craniofacial surgery reports no increase in seizures or thromboembolic events in those that received antifibrinolytics (tranexamic acid and epsilon-aminocaproic acid) versus those that did not. This report provides further evidence of antifibrinolytic safety. We recommend following pharmacokinetic-based dosing guidelines for administration.
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- Optimizing Blood Loss and Management in Craniosynostosis Surgery: A Systematic Review of Outcomes Over the Last 40 Years. [Journal Article]Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2022 Jul 28 [Online ahead of print]CP
- Surgical correction of craniosynostosis can involve significant blood loss. Rates of allogenic blood transfusion have been reported to approach 100%. Multiple interventions have been described to reduce blood loss and transfusion requirements. The aim of this study was to analyze various approaches over the last 4 decades to optimize blood loss and management during craniosynostosis surgery.
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- Comparison of trauma-dosed tranexamic acid versus aminocaproic acid in cardiac surgery in the setting of drug shortage. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Both fixed-dose TXA and EACA may be considered safe and effective options for antifibrinolytic therapy in cardiac surgery patients.
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- Ultrasmall polymer-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles as a traumatic brain injury therapy. [Journal Article]Nanomedicine. 2022 09; 45:102586.N
- No medication has been approved for secondary injuries after traumatic brain injury (TBI). While free radicals are considered a major mediator of secondary injury, conventional antioxidants only have modest clinical efficacy. Here, we synthesized CX201 consisting of core cerium oxide nanoparticles coated with 6-aminocaproic acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone in aqueous phase. CX201 with 3.49 ± 1.11 nm…
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- The Efficacy of Mannitol Combined with 6-Aminocaproic Acid in the Treatment of Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage and Its Impact on Immune Function. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: The combination of Mannitol and 6-aminocaproic acid appears to be very efficacious in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage. It improves immune function, reduces neurological damage, and minimizes the volume of cerebral edema.
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- Is Antifibrinolytic Therapy Effective for Preventing Hemorrhage in Patients with Hemophilia Undergoing Dental Extractions? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. [Meta-Analysis]
- CONCLUSIONS: This review finds favorable outcomes for the routine use of antifibrinolytic therapy for dental extractions in hemophiliacs. Further trials are required to rationalize existing evidence.
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