- WADA test for postoperative memory prediction in left TLE. Is it still useful in the 21st century? [Journal Article]Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2022 Dec 29; 225:107580.CN
- CONCLUSIONS: The Wada test is no longer necessary as a diagnostic tool for a broad group of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. However, it can be useful for a subgroup of patients with clinical indicators such as nonspecific or incongruent preoperative verbal and figural memory impairments. In this study, Wada test data about the functional level of the contralateral hemisphere specifically allowed estimation of postoperative figural memory changes.
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- Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging prediction of postsurgical cognitive outcomes in temporal lobe epilepsy: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and new data. [Review]Epilepsia. 2022 Dec 15 [Online ahead of print]E
- Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (tfMRI) has developed as a common alternative in epilepsy surgery to the intracarotid amobarbital procedure, also known as the Wada procedure. Prior studies have implicated tfMRI as a comparable predictor of postsurgical cognitive outcomes. However, the predictive validity of tfMRI has not been established. This preregistered systematic review and …
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- Localization of beta power decrease as measure for lateralization in pre-surgical language mapping with magnetoencephalography, compared with functional magnetic resonance imaging and validated by Wada test. [Journal Article]
- Objective: Atypical patterns of language lateralization due to early reorganizational processes constitute a challenge in the pre-surgical evaluation of patients with pharmaco-resistant epilepsy. There is no consensus on an optimal analysis method used for the identification of language dominance in MEG. This study examines the concordance between MEG source localization of beta power desynchroni…
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- StatPearls: Barbiturates [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- Barbiturates are a group of sedative-hypnotic medications used for the treatment of seizure disorder, neonatal withdrawal, insomnia, preoperative anxiety, induction of coma for increased intracranial pressure. They are also useful for inducing anesthesia. This activity outlines the indications, mechanism of action, safe administration, adverse effects, contraindications, toxicology, and monitorin…
- Roles of fMRI and Wada tests in the presurgical evaluation of language functions in temporal lobe epilepsy. [Systematic Review]
- Surgical treatment of pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) carries risks for language function that can significantly affect the quality of life. Predicting the risks of decline in language functions before surgery is, consequently, just as important as predicting the chances of becoming seizure-free. The intracarotid amobarbital test, generally known as the Wada test (WT), has been tra…
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- Determination of Barbiturates by Femtosecond Ionization Mass Spectrometry. [Journal Article]Anal Chem. 2022 10 25; 94(42):14691-14698.AC
- Barbiturates are highly susceptible to dissociation in mass spectrometry (MS) because of their long side chains combined with a nonaromatic ring consisting of several carbonyl and amine groups. As a result, they exhibit extensive α-cleavage and subsequent rearrangement, making the identification of these compounds difficult. Although a library of electron ionization MS (EIMS) is available, most b…
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- New ruthenium complexes containing salicylic acid and derivatives induce triple-negative tumor cell death via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. [Journal Article]Eur J Med Chem. 2022 Dec 05; 243:114772.EJ
- In this work we present the synthesis and characterization of six new ruthenium compounds with general formulae [Ru(L)(dppb)(bipy)]PF6 and [Ru(L)(dppe)2]PF6 where L = salicylic acid (Sal), 4-aminosalicylic acid (AmSal) or 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DiSal), dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane and bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine. The complexes were characterized …
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- Metabolic and pharmacological profiling of Penicillium claviforme by a combination of experimental and bioinformatic approaches. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic profile of P. claviforme shows the presence of biologically relevant compounds in ethyl acetate extract. In addition, P. claviforme exhibits substantial antioxidant and cytotoxic activities in an in vitro model as well as antinociceptive activity in an in vivo model. The antinociceptive action is also supported by a molecular docking study. This research has opened up new possibilities in the disciplines of mycology, agriculture, and pharmaceutics. Key messagesThe first time explored complete metabolome through GC-MS and LC-MS-QTOF.Both in vivo & in vitro pharmacological investigation of P. claviforme.In silico molecular docking of LC-MS-QTOF metabolites.
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- Neuropsychological evaluation in American Sign Language: A case study of a deaf patient with epilepsy. [Case Reports]
- In high-stake cases (e.g., evaluating surgical candidacy for epilepsy) where neuropsychological evaluation is essential to care, it is important to have culturally and linguistically appropriate and accessible neuropsychological instruments and procedures for use with deaf individuals who use American Sign Language (ASL). Faced with these ethical and professional issues, clinicians may be unable …
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- StatPearls: Barbiturate Toxicity [BOOK]StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL)BOOK
- Barbiturates are a class of sedative-hypnotic drugs. They are commonly used as antiepileptics (phenobarbital) and for the induction of general anesthesia (thiopental). Some states administer barbiturates for physician-assisted suicide/euthanasia and use them for capital punishment by lethal injection. Their use in clinical practice has largely been replaced by benzodiazepines such as alprazolam, …
- Modulation of Mitochondrial Respiration During Early Reperfusion Reduces Cardiac Injury in Donation After Circulatory Death Hearts. [Journal Article]
- Donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors are a potential source for heart transplantation. The DCD process has unavoidable ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury, primarily mediated through mitochondria, which limits routine utilization of hearts for transplantation. Amobarbital (AMO), a transient inhibitor of the electron transport chain, is known to decrease cardiac injury following ex vivo…
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- The mitochondrial electron transport chain contributes to calpain 1 activation during ischemia-reperfusion. [Journal Article]
- Activation of calpain1 (CPN1) contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction during cardiac ischemia (ISC) - reperfusion (REP). Blockade of electron transport using amobarbital (AMO) protects mitochondria during ISC-REP, indicating that the electron transport chain (ETC) is a key source of mitochondrial injury. We asked if AMO treatment can decrease CPN1 activation as a potential mechanism of mitochond…
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- Electrical Wada for pre-surgical memory testing: a case report. [Case Reports]
- We report a case study of a surgical candidate, a 51-year-old woman with left temporal lobe epilepsy, who failed a left injection intracarotid amobarbital procedure (e.g., Wada test), scoring 0 of 8 items. This raised concerns for postoperative memory decline. However, the patient was uninterested in a neuromodulatory approach and wished to be reconsidered for surgery. A stereotactic laser amygda…
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- Seizure in Patient with Neurofibromatosis and Amygdala Low-Grade Glioma. [Case Reports]World Neurosurg. 2022 01; 157:54-55.WN
- A 31-year-old male with history of bipolar disorder, suicidal attempts requiring inpatient hospitalization, and seizures on antiepileptic medications presented with increasing seizure frequency. He was neurologically intact yet had multiple facial, axillary, and inguinal flat pigmented macules (cafe au lait spots) and ophthalmologic examination with iris hamartomas (Lisch nodules) consistent with…
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- HPLC-UV Method Validation for Amobarbital and Pharmaceutical Stability Evaluation When Dispersed in a Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel: A New Concept for Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Prevention. [Journal Article]
- A mitochondrial electron transport chain member complex I inhibitor, amobarbital, can reduce oxidative damage and chondrocyte death, eventually preventing post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Viscosupplementation using a crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel is currently applied clinically for knee OA pain relief. In this work, we utilized the HA hydrogel as a drug delivery vehicle to improv…
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- Comparison of Language and Memory Lateralization by Functional MRI and Wada Test in Epilepsy. [Journal Article]
- The intracarotid sodium amobarbital procedure (ISAP or Wada test) lateralizes cerebral functions to the cerebral hemispheres preoperatively. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is increasingly used to characterize preoperative language and memory lateralization. In this study, concordance of fMRI with Wada was examined in patients with medically intractable seizures. The relationship of …
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- Drug load and memory during intracarotid amobarbital procedure in epilepsy. [Journal Article]Acta Neurol Scand. 2021 Nov; 144(5):585-591.AN
- CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that total drug load can be a confounding variable in the IAP memory performance that could explain, at least in part, the reverse asymmetries reported in different studies.
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- Beyond the Wada: An updated approach to pre-surgical language and memory testing: An updated review of available evaluation techniques and recommended workflow to limit Wada test use to essential clinical cases. [Review]
- The Intracarotid amobarbital test (IAT), also called Wada test, is considered the "gold standard" for lateralizing language dominance in the pre-surgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy. In addition, it has been further modified to assess the postoperative risk of amnesia in patients undergoing temporal lobectomy. Since then it has been utilized to lateralize language and assess pre-surgical…
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- Determination of language dominance in pediatric patients with epilepsy for clinical decision-making: Correspondence of intracarotid amobarbitol procedure and fMRI modalities. [Journal Article]
- Identification of the language dominant hemisphere is an essential part of the evaluation of potential pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. Historically, language dominance has been determined using the intracarotid amobarbitol procedure (IAP), but use of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scanning is becoming more common. Few studies examine the correspondence between fMRI and IAP in p…
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- Intracarotid propofol injection for WADA testing in a paediatric patient-A case report. [Case Reports]Seizure. 2021 07; 89:10-11.S
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- Evaluation of the density spectral array in the Wada test: report of six cases. [Case Reports]
- Wada test is an invasive procedure used in the preoperative evaluation for epilepsy surgery to determine language lateralization, postoperative risk of amnesia syndrome, and to assess the risk of memory deficits. It involves injection of amobarbital into internal carotid artery of the affected hemisphere followed by the healthy hemisphere to shut down brain function. We performed an observational…
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- Dr. Strangelove demystified: Disconnection of hand and language dominance explains alien-hand syndrome after corpus callosotomy. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: From this observation we suggest that under the conditions of dissociation of language and motor dominance, loss of both intentional control of contralateral action and physiological inhibition of antagonistic movements lead to post-callosotomy alien-hand-like motor phenomena. The dissociation pattern posing this risk seems rare but needs to be considered when evaluating candidates for callosotomy.
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- [Tolerability and adverse effects of propofol in the Wada test]. [Journal Article]Rev Neurol. 2021 Mar 01; 72(5):151-156.RN
- CONCLUSIONS: Performing the Wada test with propofol causes frequent mild adverse effects, which do not prevent its completion. We describe a case of convulsive status epilepticus as the only serious AE.
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- Targeting oxidative stress with amobarbital to prevent intervertebral disc degeneration: Part I. in vitro and ex vivo studies. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the progression of IDD may be forestalled by Amo via protection of NP cells from oxidative stress following IVD injury.
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- A History of Diagnostic Investigations in Epilepsy Surgery. [Review]Can J Neurol Sci. 2021 11; 48(6):845-851.CJ
- Epilepsy surgery has progressed significantly in the last 150 years. Functional brain maps allowed for the localization of epileptogenic lesions based on seizure patterns, allowing surgeons like McEwan and Horsely to treat epilepsy surgically. Berger's electroencephalogram marked the first modality directly identifying epileptic abnormalities. Penfield and Jasper collaborated, as neurosurgeon and…
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- Advantages of methohexital over amobarbital in determining hemispheric language and memory lateralization in the Wada test - A retrospective study. [Journal Article]
- Due to supply shortage, amobarbital, the traditional anesthetic agent in Wada testing, was replaced by methohexital in many epilepsy centers. This study aimed to compare the two barbiturates to identify possible advantages or disadvantages of methohexital as compared to amobarbital with regard to the adequacy of language and memory testing during the Wada test.
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- Drugs Repurposing Using QSAR, Docking and Molecular Dynamics for Possible Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro Protease. [Journal Article]
- Wuhan, China was the epicenter of the first zoonotic transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus clade 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 and it is the causative agent of the novel human coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Almost from the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak several attempts were made to predict possible drugs capable of inhibiting the virus replication. In the …
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- Utilization of MEG Among the US Epilepsy Centers: A Survey-Based Appraisal. [Multicenter Study]
- CONCLUSIONS: Only the centers with larger surgical volumes incorporate MEG regularly in presurgical evaluation of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. A reversal of the pervasive underutilization of epilepsy surgery can benefit from MEG, but this requires a sustained concerted promotion by the epilepsy and MEG communities.
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- Comparison of Effects of Metformin, Phenformin, and Inhibitors of Mitochondrial Complex I on Mitochondrial Permeability Transition and Ischemic Brain Injury. [Journal Article]
- Damage to cerebral mitochondria, particularly opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), is a key mechanism of ischemic brain injury, therefore, modulation of MPTP may be a potential target for a neuroprotective strategy in ischemic brain pathologies. The aim of this study was to investigate whether biguanides-metformin and phenformin as well as other inhibitors of Complex I of…
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- The Optimal Dose of Amobarbital in the Wada Test for the Presurgical Evaluation of Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. [Journal Article]Clin Neuropharmacol. 2020 Nov/Dec; 43(6):185-190.CN
- CONCLUSIONS: It was only the patient's age that could influence the modification of Amobarbital dose in the Wada test, yet establishing a universal protocol is challenging because of the lack of well-defined dose determinants.
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