- Phytochemical Analysis, GC-MS Identification of Bioactive Compounds, and In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Resin of Garcinia indica (Thouars) Choisy. [Journal Article]Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2023 Jan 27 [Online ahead of print]AB
- The objective of this study was to evaluate phytochemicals present in the resin of Garcinia indica (Gamboge). We assessed the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of acetone, methanol, and water extracts of resin. Acetone and methanol extracts contain a high amount of phenolics (183.90 and 182.85 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalent)/g) and flavonoids (72.65 and 71.33 mg QE (quercetin e…
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- Choroidal Thickness Profiles and Associated Factors in Myopic Children. [Journal Article]Optom Vis Sci. 2023 Jan 01; 100(1):57-66.OV
- CONCLUSIONS: Choroidal thickness was thinnest in the nasal macular region and varied systematically across all macular locations, with axial length and spherical equivalent refraction being the strongest determinants of ChT. Longitudinal evidence will need to evaluate whether any differences in ChT profiles are predictive of myopic progression and to determine the role of ChT measurements in identifying myopic children most in need of myopia control treatment.
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- Topical Review: Studies on Management of Myopia Progression from 2019 to 2021. [Journal Article]Optom Vis Sci. 2023 Jan 01; 100(1):23-30.OV
- CONCLUSIONS: Myopia is a common eye condition that increases the risk of sight-threatening complications. Each additional diopter increases the chance of complications. The purpose of this review was to make an overview of myopia control treatment options for children with myopia progression.In this nonsystematic review, we searched PubMed and Cochrane databases for English-language studies published from 2019 to September 2021. Emphasis was given to selection of randomized controlled trials. Nineteen randomized controlled trials and two retrospective studies were included. Topical atropine and orthokeratology remain the most used treatments, whereas lenses with novel designs are emerging treatments. Overall myopia progression in the treatment groups for low-dose atropine and orthokeratology was lower than in the control groups, and their efficacy was reported in several randomized controlled trials and confirmed by various systematic reviews and meta-analysis. The findings of myopia progression and axial elongation for the MiSight, defocus incorporated multiple segment spectacle lens, highly aspherical lenslets, and diffusion optics technology spectacle lens were comparable. Public health interventions to optimize environmental influences may also be important strategies to control myopia. Optimal choice of management of myopia depends on treatment availability, acceptability to child and parents, and specific patient features such as age, baseline myopia, and lifestyle. Eye care providers need to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each therapy to best counsel parents of children with myopia.
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- Bradyarrhythmia In A Marathonist: Cardiac Vagal Denervation As Alternative Treatment. [Journal Article]Rev Port Cardiol. 2023 Jan 21 [Online ahead of print]RP
- Although not routinely used, cardioneuroablation or modulation of the cardiac autonomic nervous system has been proposed as an alternative approach to treat young individuals with enhanced vagal tone and significant atrioventricular (AV) disturbances.We report the case of a 42-year-old athlete with prolonged ventricular pauses associated with sinus bradycardia and paroxysmal episodes of AV block …
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- Analysis of the effect of phloroglucinol on pregnancy outcomes involving frozen embryo transfers in patients with endometriosis: A retrospective case-control study. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Continuous low-dose phloroglucinol pretreatment before and after frozen embryo transfer can improve both the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates and reduce the risk of abortion in younger infertile patients with endometriosis.
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- Premedication before laryngoscopy in neonates: Evidence-based statement from the French society of neonatology (SFN). [Review]
- CONCLUSIONS: This statement should help clinical decision regarding premedication before neonatal upper airway access and favor standardization of practices.
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- Water Drinking Behavior Associated with Aversive Arousal in Rats: An Integrative Approach. [Review]
- Cholinergic muscarinic stimulation of vast areas of the limbic brain induced a well-documented polydipsia in laboratory rats. This excessive water-drinking behavior has not received any convincing biological and physiological interpretation for the last 50 years. This review offers such an interpretation and suggests that cholinergically induced drinking response, mostly by carbachol, is associat…
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- Paxlovid-Induced Symptomatic Bradycardia and Syncope. [Case Reports]
- Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) is a game changer in the fight against COVID-19 due to its ease of administration and significant benefits of reducing progression to severe COVID-19, hospitalization, and death. Cardiac adverse events such as bradycardia and syncope are not known with this medication. We report a case of a 71-year-old patient who developed symptomatic bradycardia, syncopal episo…
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- Nebulized dexmedetomidine versus neostigmine/atropine for treating post-dural puncture headache after cesarean section: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. [Journal Article]Minerva Anestesiol. 2023 Jan 18 [Online ahead of print]MA
- CONCLUSIONS: Nebulized dexmedetomidine and neostigmine/atropine had a rapid effect on relieving PDPH after cesarean section.
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- Prolonged asystole induced by trigeminocardiac reflex accompanied with abnormal heart rate variability during percutaneous balloon compression: a case report. [Case Reports]
- Trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) can result in bradycardia and even cardiac arrest, and is reversible with elimination of the stimulus. Here, we report the case of a 68-year-old man who experienced cardiac arrest during percutaneous balloon compression for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. In this patient, sinus rhythm did not recover after stimulation removal, causing us to successfully perfor…
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- Suicidal attempt with eliglustat overdose. [Case Reports]
- Eliglustat is an orphan medicine used for long-term treatment of Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) in adults. GD1 is a genetic condition, in which glucosylceramide builds up in the body, typically in liver, spleen, and bone. Clinical signs and symptoms of the disease are anemia, tiredness, easy bruising, hepatosplenomegaly, bone pain, and fractures. Eliglustat works by blocking glucosylceramide syntha…
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- Transient asystole associated with vasovagal reflex in an oral surgery patient: A case report. [Case Reports]
- The perioperative cardiac events may be brought about by a relative imbalance of autonomic activities due to excessive psychological and physical stress. The present case study focuses on the asystole that can occur as a serious cardiac adverse event associated with vasovagal reflex likely to be triggered by venipuncture for securing an intravenous line during dental care. In addition, we describ…
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- BRASH Syndrome Presenting With Idioventricular Escape Rhythm in a Patient With Trifascicular Block. [Case Reports]
- Bradycardia, renal failure, atrioventricular (AV) nodal disease, shock, and hyperkalemia (BRASH) syndrome is a well-recognized constellation of distinct clinicopathologic entities comprising bradycardia, renal failure, AV nodal disease, shock, and hyperkalemia. Our patient is an 89-year-old female with a past medical history significant for hypertension and diabetes, who was newly started on labe…
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- A case report of severe pirimiphos-methyl intoxication: Clinical findings and cholinesterase status. [Case Reports]
- A 63-year-old male was admitted to a district hospital after ingesting ethanol and pirimiphos-methyl (PM) with suicidal intentions. History included alcoholic cirrhosis with alcoholism, adiposity, diabetes with cerebral microangiopathy, chronic renal insufficiency, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and status post necrotizing fasciitis. Emergency medical service reported an alert patient without …
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- [A survey on the practice of bronchoscopy in county-level hospitals of China]. [Journal Article]Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2023 Jan 12; 46(1):27-33.ZJ
- Objective: To investigate the bronchoscopy resource allocation and technology application in county-level hospitals in China. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. In 2021, 12 provinces were sampled from all provinces in China according to the regional Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the number of counties, in which a total of 291 county-level hospitals were randomly enrolled. Two cou…
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- Diuretic and Natriuretic Effects of Hesperidin, a Flavanone Glycoside, in Female and Male Hypertensive Rats. [Journal Article]
- Hesperidin (HSP) is a major flavanone glycoside in citrus fruits, including sweet oranges and lemons. It demonstrates numerous pharmacological activities, such as antihypertensive effects and cardiac and kidney tissue protection. However, its effect on modulating renal function has yet to be properly explored. Female and male Wistar spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were used to test the effe…
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- Blocking Muscarinic Receptor 3 Attenuates Tumor Growth and Decreases Immunosuppressive and Cholinergic Markers in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer. [Journal Article]
- Tumor cells have evolved to express immunosuppressive molecules allowing their evasion from the host's immune system. These molecules include programmed death ligands 1 and 2 (PD-L1 and PD-L2). Cancer cells can also produce acetylcholine (ACh), which plays a role in tumor development. Moreover, tumor innervation can stimulate vascularization leading to tumor growth and metastasis. The effects of …
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- A High Postoperative Atropinic Burden is Associated with Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture: Results of the Prospective, Observational, ATROPAGE Trial. [Journal Article]Clin Interv Aging. 2022; 17:1931-1938.CI
- CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to a prior exposure to atropinic drugs, a postoperative atropinic burden >2 was associated with postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture. Postoperative administration of (new) antimuscarinic drugs is a precipitating factor of delirium that could be avoided.
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- Effect of Atropine 0.01% Eye Drops on the Difference in Refraction and Axial Length Between Right and Left Eye. [Journal Article]Ophthalmic Res. 2023 Jan 05 [Online ahead of print]OR
- CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that 0.01% atropine could maintain the inter-ocular SER and AL difference. And 0.01% atropine appeared to be more effective in delaying the progression of myopia in eyes with more myopia than in the less myopic eyes.
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- Implementation of a Standardized Premedication Bundle to Improve Procedure Success for Nonemergent Neonatal Intubations. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Standardizing procedural care delivery reduced intubation attempts and increased the attempt success rate. However, this was accompanied by an increase in the rate of nonsevere adverse events.
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- Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. [Journal Article]Paediatr Anaesth. 2023 Jan 03 [Online ahead of print]PA
- CONCLUSIONS: When cardiopulmonary bypass is applied, the plasma concentration of dexmedetomidine decreases due to an increase in the volume of distribution, so a loading dose is required to maintain the previous concentration.
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- Anesthesia-induced Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in trigeminal neuralgia: illustrative case. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: In patients affected by trigeminal neuralgia, chronic pain can lead to a state of adrenergic hyperactivation, which can promote TS during the induction of general anesthesia, probably through the trigeminocardiac reflex.
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- Survival in canine tetanus - retrospective analysis of 42 cases (2006-2020). [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Young dogs with a rapid course of severe generalized tetanus have a guarded prognosis. The previously described severity classification scheme proved valuable in predicting survival. Prospective multi-center studies are needed to clarify the prognostic significance of age, sedative usage and modified versions of an established classification scheme, including the presence of respiratory complications.
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- Investigations of plausible pharmacodynamics supporting the antispasmodic, bronchodilator, and antidiarrheal activities of Berberis lycium Royle. Via in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies. [Journal Article]J Ethnopharmacol. 2023 Apr 06; 305:116115.JE
- CONCLUSIONS: The dual blocking mechanism of muscarinic receptors and Ca+2 channels behind the smooth muscle relaxing activity reveals the therapeutic relevance of B. lycium in diarrhea, abdominal spasms, coughs, and chest problems.
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- Acquirement of the autonomic nervous system modulation evaluated by heart rate variability in medaka (Oryzias latipes). [Journal Article]
- Small teleosts have recently been established as models of human diseases. However, measuring heart rate by electrocardiography is highly invasive for small fish and not widely used. The physiological nature and function of vertebrate autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation of the heart has traditionally been investigated in larvae, transparent but with an immature ANS, or in anesthetized adult…
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- Vagus nerve stimulation exerts cardioprotection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through inhibition of programmed cell death pathways. [Journal Article]Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022 Dec 30; 80(1):21.CM
- The aberration of programmed cell death including cell death associated with autophagy/mitophagy, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis can be observed in the development and progression of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been shown to exert cardioprotection against cardiomyocyte death through the release of the neurotransmitter acetylchol…
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- LQM10, a guanylhydrazone derivative, reduces nociceptive and inflammatory responses in mice. [Journal Article]Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2022 Dec 29 [Online ahead of print]FC
- In the present study, we examined the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of a guanylhydrazone derivative, (E)-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-guanylhydrazone hydrochloride (LQM10), in mice. The antinociceptive effect was determined by assessing behavioural responses in different pain models, while anti-inflammatory activity was examined in carrageenan-induced pleurisy. In…
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- Bilateral choroidal effusions and angle closure in the setting of systemic capillary leak syndrome from HLA-directed vaccine and pembrolizumab therapy for squamous cell carcinoma. [Case Reports]
- CONCLUSIONS: Choroidal effusions and secondary angle closure can be rare complications of SCLS in the setting of ICIs. Clinicians must be aware of the potentials side effects of ICI therapy, as these medications become more commonly used.
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- Changes in ocular biological parameters after cycloplegia based on dioptre, age and sex. [Journal Article]
- The effects of cycloplegia on ocular biological parameters in children have been extensively studied, but few studies have compared these parameters between different refractive states, ages, and sexes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in ocular biometry before and after cycloplegia in different groups based on dioptre, age and sex. We examined a total of 2049 p…
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- Low Dose Atropine in Preventing the Progression of Childhood Myopia: A Randomised Controlled Trial. [Journal Article]Curr Eye Res. 2022 Dec 29 [Online ahead of print]CE
- CONCLUSIONS: The use of 0.01% atropine eye drop reduced the progression of myopia over the study period of one year with no significant changes in near vision, pupil size. No patient reported any systemic and local side effects with administration of 0.01% atropine eye drop.
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