Despite significant advances in the treatment of childhood cancers, progress in improving outcomes of many paediatric solid tumours remains limited, particularly in patients with relapsed or metastatic disease. Current treatment strategies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and external beam radiotherapy, can achieve disease control but are often associated with substantial acute and long-term toxicities affecting long-term development, impacting the overall quality of life of survivors. Radioligand therapy (RLT) has emerged as a promising targeted therapeutic strategy that combines tumour-specific ligands with radioactive isotopes, enabling the selective delivery of radiation to cancer cells while minimising damage to surrounding healthy tissues. In adult oncology, RLT has demonstrated substantial clinical benefit in several malignancies, which has not (yet) translated into paediatric cancers. Early clinical studies have explored the use of RLT in paediatric solid tumours, particularly in neuroblastoma, but the available evidence remains fragmented and largely limited to small series. Therefore, this review aims to summarise the current clinical evidence on the use of RLT in paediatric solid tumours, including relevant molecular targets, radiopharmaceuticals, clinical outcomes, and safety profiles, and to discuss the key challenges and future directions for the development of RLT in paediatric oncology.

Low-dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening (LCS) in high-risk patients has shown potential in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2019, the UK National Health Service announced rollout of the Targeted Lung Health Check programme (TLHC) following a successful pilot offering individuals between 55 and 74 years of age who have ever smoked an appointment with a health professional, which may lead to a LDCT referral depending on their risk of developing lung cancer from modelling. In view of expansion of LCS with LDCT, it is paramount that radiologists who participant in screening are adequately qualified and properly trained. To ensure the radiology reporting for an expanding programme remains clinically and cost effective, reporters must engage with nationally-set quality assurance policies. This review article aims to summarise the current individual performance against set thresholds for referral rates for actionable lung nodules and incidental findings, the current process for national external quality assurance and provides suggestions for how these facets can be merged with near-real time double-read quality assurance. We summarise processes to identify reporting outliers and provide targeted feedback to improve reporter-level performance to ensure robustness of a national lung screening programme. (191 words).