(Journal of Medical Internet Research[TA])
11,522 results
  • Stepwise Diagnostic Evaluation of Chinese Large Language Models: Comparative Study of Common and Rare Diseases. [Journal Article]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 06; 28:e89963.Wang J, Yang J, Guo RJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: Chinese LLMs demonstrated relatively strong diagnostic performance for common diseases such as COPD, but lower and less stable performance for rare diseases such as RP. Additional clinical information improved diagnostic accuracy primarily in RP cases, although differences between models remained evident under diagnostically complex conditions. Error patterns in RP cases suggest that current LLMs remain limited in their ability to integrate complex clinical information and exclusionary findings. Careful evaluation and appropriate clinical oversight remain important for their application in clinical practice.
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  • Experiences of Social Media Platforms' Policies and Restrictions Related to Self-Harm Content: Mixed Methods Study. [Journal Article]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 06; 28:e73343.Marchant A, Lewis F, … John AJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the 2019 change in platform policies with respect to self-harm/suicide-related content from the perspectives of those with a history of self-harm. This research adds to the evidence of the risks and unintended consequences of imposing untested blanket restrictions in online settings. Full evaluation of these restrictions is essential to allow platforms to continue to improve, encouraging a safe space for supportive communities while mitigating potential harm.
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  • The Digital Evolution of the Medical Black Bag: Environmental Scan With Trend Analysis and Horizon Scanning. [Journal Article]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 06; 28:e93861.Katonai G, Arvai N, Mesko BJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: The medical black bag is likely to evolve from a stable set of familiar instruments toward a broader toolbox of portable and connected diagnostic devices. While these tools may expand the scope of bedside assessment and enable more reproducible and shareable clinical signs, their value depends on appropriate validation, usability, workflow integration, training, and supportive financial and organizational conditions. Regular evidence-informed updates of equipment recommendations, alongside practical implementation support, may help primary care systems adopt useful innovations while preserving the human dimensions of clinical care.
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  • Digital Gaze and Vicarious Trauma Among Intensive Care Unit Nurses in Alarm-Monitoring Ecologies: Qualitative Interview Study. [Journal Article]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 04; 28:e91807.Wang Y, Chen H, … Gu YJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: Continuous monitoring and frequent alarms shaped ICU nurses' work beyond workflow disruption and patient safety. Alarm-intensive care should be understood as a digital health and sociotechnical design issue that affects attention, perceived accountability, emotional strain, and recovery. Future monitoring systems should be co-designed and evaluated not only for alarm reduction and technical accuracy but also for how displays, alarm behavior, work-related communication, and AI-supported tools affect clinicians' work, recovery, and perceived surveillance.
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  • The Scale for AI Literacy in Health Care Workers: Development and Validation. [Journal Article]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 04; 28:e92373.Ang CS, Ito S, … Heaversedge JJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: The SAIL-HCW provides initial evidence of validity and reliability for assessing AI literacy among health care workers. Findings suggest that AI literacy may be represented as a general construct with additional domain-level components. The scale may be useful for research and educational evaluations, although further validation in other settings is required.
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  • Digital Health Communication Engagement Experiences of Older Adults in Community Contexts: Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Ethnography. [Systematic Review]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 05; 28:e89179.Wang X, Zhou J, … Fang QJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: This meta-ethnography treats community-based digital health communication as a communicative practice in its own right. It reframes the community not as a setting in which communication occurs but as a determinant of whether it works and characterizes engagement as an evolving negotiation of motivation, trust, and responsibility. Findings argue for moving beyond efficiency-oriented service delivery toward building community capacity and supporting older adults' autonomy and digital health literacy. Twelve out of 14 studies were of moderate quality, and eligibility was limited to Chinese- or English-language abstracts, which may limit representativeness.
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  • Symptom Tracking for Patient-Reported Outcomes in Cancer: User-Centered Design of the AthenaCompanion Web Application. [Journal Article]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 05; 28:e94017.Nolla K, Perry LM, … Benzo RMJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: Using a multiphase, mixed methods, user-centered design process, we developed AthenaCompanion (Northwestern University with The Ohio State University), a gamified web application for PRO monitoring tailored to older adults undergoing cancer treatment. Across surveys and interviews, patients emphasized the importance of clinical utility, clarity of symptom feedback, and low-pressure, optional gamification elements. This work demonstrates the feasibility of integrating gamification into PRO monitoring and provides a foundation for future work evaluating long-term usability, engagement, and clinical effectiveness in real-world oncology care.
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  • Comparing Video-Based and Face-to-Face Psychotherapy: Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis Across Mental Disorders. [Systematic Review]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 05; 28:e89177.Meyer-Keirath C, Wallis H, … Junne FJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: The evidence base was limited in size and scope (predominantly Western settings, posttraumatic stress disorder diagnoses, and cognitive behavioral interventions). Study limitations, heterogeneity, and few noninferiority trials reduced the certainty of the evidence. This review is innovative in isolating synchronous VBT from other remote delivery formats to understand the specific impact of the setting. Unlike previous reviews, this one provides a more specific estimate of the effects of the delivery setting. This is achieved by isolating synchronous video delivery, applying dose/setting restrictions, and focusing on RCTs. Results refine the current evidence base and support offering VBT as a pragmatic delivery option to extend access to mental health care. Adequately powered noninferiority trials across diverse diagnoses, cultures, and longer-term treatments are needed.
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  • Cognitive Workload and Mental Burden in Health Care Professionals Interacting With AI: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. [Systematic Review]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Aug 04; 28:e93618.Gong EJ, Bang CS, Lee JJJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: This review combines validated workload instruments, meta-analysis, and PIs in health care AI, delivering a GRADE certainty assessment across 5 AI categories that prior accuracy- or efficiency-focused reviews have not provided. Ambient AI documentation was associated with reduced cognitive workload and burnout, but only in voluntary early-adopter cohorts and based on few studies; the conservative CIs were wide and, where estimable, PIs crossed the null. Findings inform institutional pilots with prospective workload measurement, regulatory human-factors evaluation of AI medical devices, and human-centered AI design. Net benefit on the health care workforce remains an open empirical question.
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  • Social Role-based Training Using a Computer Graphics Avatar in a Real-world Commercial Setting for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Quasi-experimental Study. [Journal Article]
    J Med Internet Res. 2026 Jul 09. [Online ahead of print]Kumazaki H, Kamide H, … Ishiguro HJM
  • CONCLUSIONS: This study is innovative in that TCR enables users to perform social role-based behaviors. Unlike previous studies, TCR integrates opportunities for observing peers and role models, along with real-time encouragement, feedback, and verbal persuasion from a trainer, thereby incorporating multiple sources of self-efficacy. By demonstrating the feasibility of TCR and its potential to enhance self-efficacy in social role-based behaviors, this study contributes to the development of more effective interventions targeting functional social outcomes in individuals with ASD. TCR may support the development of skills relevant to employment and social participation in real-world settings and represents a potential scalable approach for community-based ASD interventions. .
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