This article discusses the challenges of including transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) people in Nursing Education. Discussions focus on theoretic and practical understandings of how binary sex and gender norms impact the teaching of care for TGD people. There are suggestions for how to infuse content related to TGD health throughout nursing education curriculum. There are specific calls to action for individuals, schools of nursing, and nursing education organizations like the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, the American Nurses Association, and the National League for Nursing.

Gender-affirming care (GAC) refers to patient care in any setting or for any purpose that affirms a patient's gender identity. Policies impacting transgender, nonbinary, and gender diverse people's access to GAC include those that impose patient age requirements, protect patients from insurance discrimination, determine what care is covered in public and private insurance, force schools to out transgender students, and allow providers to conscientiously object to treating transgender patients. In an era of strengthening policy restrictions on GAC and anti-transgender sentiment, nurses need to be aware of these policies and their potential effects on health care delivery and population health.

Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals have reproductive capacity and deserve reproductive justice. Considerations related to fertility, contraception, abortion, and other reproductive health needs for cisgender populations also apply to TGD populations. Additionally, TGD individuals may have unique reproductive health care needs related to their gender identity or gender-affirming care. While some areas of reproductive health have robust evidence specific to TGD people, there remain gaps in knowledge specific to this population.

Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals experience profound inequities in sexual health due to intersecting social, structural, and clinical barriers, including limited provider competency. Using a nursing lens, we examine clinical practices for delivering sexual health care to TGD populations. Specifically, we address sexual identity, sexual function, gender-affirming care considerations, and clinical guidance for comprehensive sexual health assessment. We also discuss screening, prevention, and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and HIV. Emphasizing person-centered and trauma-informed approaches grounded in sexual health frameworks, we highlight the nurse's critical role in promoting sexual well-being among TGD individuals.

This article explores the mental health concerns of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals within a mutual aid and harm reduction framework. Despite historical strides toward equity and care in the public health sector, TGD people face structural discrimination, polyvictimization, and worsening political hostility that heighten mental health disparities. The authors critique medical and nursing practices shaped by carceral logic and call for new approaches rooted in equity and care. Clinical recommendations emphasize affirming, trauma-informed, and community-based care, while highlighting harm reduction and mutual aid as essential, evidence-based strategies for collective healing, resilience, and a move toward communal care.

Trans people experience higher rates of chronic disease, across multiple health systems. This increased risk is driven by chronic stress from prejudice, discrimination, and violence. Exposure to chronic stress alters one's physiology and increases vulnerability to chronic disease. As the most trusted health professionals, nurses can play a unique role in addressing interpersonal and structural stressors by creating affirming clinical environments and advocating for policy change.

Perioperative care for transgender and gender-diverse people demands a multifaceted approach rooted in trauma-informed, equity-driven nursing practice. Across preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases, nurses serve as advocates, educators, and care coordinators, ensuring patient dignity and safety throughout the surgical journey. This article provides an overview of evidence-based perioperative considerations for nurses and interprofessional teams. It highlights perioperative hormone management, risk mitigation, fertility considerations, cancer screening, gender-affirming surgeries, and patient-reported outcomes, emphasizing the nurse's role in advocacy and education. Through compassion, affirmation, and trust building, nurses can transform the surgical experience into a model of truly patient-centered, equitable care.

Nurses have a central role in multiple health care settings and can contribute to developing culturally safe and gender-affirming spaces for transgender and gender diverse (TGD) older adults, whose lives are increasingly vulnerable as they age. Nursing curricula lack important content that supports TGD older adults and must be supplemented to be inclusive. Nurses can assume the role of advocates for TGD older adults, build nursing care plans using the AFFIRM framework (a comprehensive best-practices protocol that supports TGD adults), develop age-friendly spaces, and develop adapted best practices using the 4Ms (matters, medication, mentation, and mobility) model of care.

Gender-affirming care (GAC) for adults is comprehensive, person-centered health care that affirms gender identity through social, behavioral, medical, and surgical interventions. Beyond hormones and surgery, GAC encompasses primary and preventive care, sexual and reproductive health, mental health, voice and communication therapy, and social supports. Robust evidence indicates that GAC improves dysphoria, depression, and suicidality and is associated with better psychosocial outcomes. This article translates current evidence and guidelines into bedside-ready practices for nurses and interprofessional teams, addresses misinformation, and outlines the rapidly evolving US legal landscape shaping access to lifesaving care.

Gender diversity can be a part of some children and adolescents' experience of gender identity formation. This article will provide an overview of some 40 years of evidence regarding gender development and care of transgender and gender diverse youth. Gender affirmation is a safe, effective way to support youth who may experience gender diversity and nontraditional gender identities. Gender affirmation is a tool for parents and providers to better guide and support youth through this developmental process. There are safe, effective, and reversible options for gender-affirming care for gender-diverse youth.

This article introduces cultural safety as a critical framework for nursing care with transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expansive populations. It outlines 5 adapted tenets of cultural safety and contrasts culturally safe versus unsafe practices through case studies. The framework emphasizes patient autonomy, awareness of power-dynamics, and ethical standards, offering nurses practical guidance to foster affirming, equitable care.