[This corrects the article DOI: 10.15537/smj.2025.46.9.20240970.].

La anemia y la deficiencia de hierro (DH) son condiciones frecuentes en pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares y se asocian a mayor morbimortalidad en cirugía cardíaca. Sin embargo, no existen datos sobre cómo es abordada esta problemática en Iberoamérica. Debido a ello, desde la Sociedad Interamericana de Cardiología nos propusimos explorar conocimientos, actitudes y conductas de médicos latinoamericanos involucrados en el perioperatorio de cirugía cardíaca.

Suspected small bowel bleeding is defined as a gastrointestinal bleeding, overt or occult (iron-deficiency anemia), with unremarkable high-quality upper endoscopy and colonoscopy. The main causes are vascular lesions (angiodysplasia) and inflammatory lesions (Crohn's disease). Diagnosis is primarily based on capsule endoscopy, which has an optimal yield if performed within 48 hours on bleeding onset. Deep enteroscopy often allows targeted treatment, but its availability is limited. If the capsule endoscopy is not contributive as well, the bleeding is referred to as obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Management is not consensual. Treatment of the anemia and surveillance may be an option. It is reasonable course of action to repeat endoscopies, optimizing them, particularly in the event of recurrence.

An ectopic pancreas is a congenital anomaly in which pancreatic glandular tissue is found outside its normal anatomical location. Specifically, while it can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract, its presence in the stomach is relatively rare in children and is often asymptomatic, typically discovered incidentally. Our case involves a six-year-old child who underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy due to the suspicion of celiac disease in the context of iron-deficiency anemia that did not respond to oral iron therapy, despite the absence of associated clinical symptoms and a normal physical examination. The esophagogastroduodenoscopy incidentally revealed a well-defined, 5-mm submucosal nodular lesion in the prepyloric region, with a central depression, characteristic of an ectopic gastric pancreas. Histological examination of the duodenal biopsies confirmed coeliac disease. In contrast, the biopsy of the lesion showed no evidence of neoplasia and was considered normal. Our case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by normal histology in the context of suspected gastric ectopic pancreas, as superficial biopsies may be non-contributory due to its submucosal location. It also underscores the importance of recognizing the typical endoscopic features to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary invasive procedures in pediatric patients.