PEGylated AuNPs are developed for home-based cervical cancer diagnosis via colorimetric analysis of urinary thiols.

Clinical ImpactOff-the-shelf thoracic branched endografts may facilitate urgent zone 2 TEVAR while preserving left subclavian artery perfusion and avoiding cervical debranching. However, acute aortic pathology increases the hazards of arch manipulation. Current evidence supports selective use in suitable anatomy and experienced centres, rather than routine adoption, until larger comparative studies better define safety and clinical benefit.

Saliva has emerged as a compelling liquid biopsy for the non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of both oral and systemic diseases. Secreted by major and minor salivary glands and enriched by gingival crevicular fluid, epithelial turnover, immune mediators, microbial products, and plasma-derived constituents, saliva reflects a biologically integrated interface between local oral environments and systemic physiology. This dual origin enables detection of disease-associated signals across multiple molecular layers, including extracellular RNA, cell-free DNA, genomic and epigenetic material, proteins, metabolites, microbial signatures, and hormones. Advances in high-throughput sequencing, mass spectrometry, and ultrasensitive immunoassays have revealed that salivary analytes can capture dynamic pathological processes ranging from periodontal inflammation and dental caries to oral and head and neck cancers, as well as systemic conditions such as non-oral cancers and autoimmune, cardiometabolic, infectious, endocrine, and neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, extracellular vesicle-encapsulated RNA, cfDNA fragmentomics, and methylation patterns have expanded the diagnostic reach of saliva beyond conventional protein-based biomarkers, while integrated multi-omics approaches increasingly improve diagnostic performance. Despite this progress, clinical translation remains constrained by biological complexity, including variable glandular contributions, oral microbiome interactions, and pre-analytical variability in collection and processing. Emerging point-of-care technologies, microfluidic platforms, and artificial intelligence-driven multi-omic integration are beginning to address these limitations, enabling higher analytical sensitivity and improved disease stratification. Regulatory pathways, including in vitro diagnostic frameworks and laboratory-developed test structures, are progressively accommodating salivary assays, as demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, widespread clinical adoption will require rigorous standardization, large-scale validation, and demonstration of clinical utility. Together, saliva-based liquid biopsy represents a rapidly evolving diagnostic paradigm with the potential to shift disease detection towards earlier, minimally invasive, and data-rich precision medicine approaches across dentistry and systemic healthcare.

Canine chronic enteropathy (CE) is characterized by persistent mucosal inflammation and impaired barrier function. Despite its high clinical prevalence, research has been hindered by a lack of host-specific intestinal models. Here, we present an optimized canine-derived colon organoid (cCO) culture platform designed for assessing drug toxicity and regenerative potential. Combining Wnt/EGF activation with TGF-β/p38 MAPK inhibition supported the long-term maintenance of stem cell-enriched organoids. Upon maturation, differentiated cCOs exhibited both absorptive and secretory cells, validated by lineage-specific marker expression and functional P-glycoprotein efflux activity. While pro-inflammatory cytokines exerted non-specific toxicity, diclofenac-induced injury was significantly more pronounced in differentiated organoids than in expanding counterparts. This indicates that our platform effectively recapitulates the cell type-specific sensitivity of the intestinal epithelium to pharmacological insults. Next, to determine whether the cCOs could model epithelial repair process, we examined the therapeutic effects of canine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a representative cell-based therapy for CE, on damaged organoids. Notably, treatment with MSC-conditioned media (MSC-CM) triggered a morphological transition into cystic spheroids with the upregulation of pro-regenerative stem cell markers, suggesting the induction of a fetal-like regenerative reprogramming. Indeed, MSC-CM treatment restored growth and proliferation while preserving barrier integrity in diclofenac-treated organoids. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the advantages of cCO system for modeling intestinal injury and repair, supporting the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for canine gastrointestinal disorders.

BACKGROUND Pilomatricoma, also known as Malherbe's calcifying epithelioma, is a benign adnexal tumor originating from hair follicle matrix cells and occurs predominantly in children and young adults. Its presentation in an older adult is exceptionally rare and can pose diagnostic challenges. We report a rare case of pilomatricoma in an 86-year-old patient. CASE REPORT We report the case of an 86-year-old man who presented with a tender, subcutaneous cyst on the right scalp. The lesion had been evolving for several months, enlarging from approximately 5 cm to 8 cm. His medical history included multiple comorbidities: coronary artery disease, insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes mellitus, advanced chronic kidney disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Initial biopsy suggested pilomatricoma without malignant features; however, clinicopathological discordance and tumor progression raised suspicion of malignancy. Owing to significant anesthetic risk, initial management consisted of close surveillance. Following the onset of bleeding, surgical excision was performed. Histopathological analysis confirmed a benign pilomatricoma with clear margins. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and follow-up was scheduled. CONCLUSIONS Giant pilomatricoma can present atypically in older patients, mimicking malignancy and leading to diagnostic uncertainty. This case underscores the importance of considering this diagnosis despite age and rapid growth, and supports complete surgical excision for definitive diagnosis and management.

Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common benign vascular tumor of infancy. While its epidemiology is well-documented in Caucasian populations, large-scale systematic studies regarding clinical characteristics and risk factors in the Chinese population remain limited. This study aims to elucidate the clinical features of IH in Chinese children and investigate risk factors associated with its development. A retrospective case-control study was conducted at the Children's Hospital of Shandong University involving children under 3 years of age treated between January and December 2024, including 1 841 children with IH (case group) and 1 894 contemporaneous non-IH patients (control group). Clinical phenotypes were analyzed, and potential risk factors were screened using univariate analysis followed by multivariate logistic regression to identify independent determinants. The cohort exhibited a female predominance (male-to-female ratio 1:1.88), with the head and neck being the most common lesion site (46.7%). Multivariate analysis identified multiple gestation (OR = 4.50, 95% CI: 3.55-5.70) as the strongest independent risk factor, followed by female gender (OR = 2.72), progestogen therapy (OR = 2.25), low birth weight (OR = 2.11), preterm birth (OR = 1.65), and pregnancy-related diseases (OR = 1.57). Notably, breastfeeding was identified as an independent protective factor against IH (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.58-0.99), whereas caesarean section was not significantly associated with IH risk. This study confirms that IH pathogenesis in the Chinese population is multifactorial, strongly associated with female gender, intrauterine hypoxia (multiple gestation, pregnancy-related diseases), and perinatal hormone exposure. The protective effect of breastfeeding suggests a potential avenue for risk mitigation, and these findings provide epidemiological evidence to support early risk stratification and surveillance strategies for high-risk infants.

Cervical cancer is a leading preventable cause of cancer morbidity and mortality globally. Previous studies have indicated that dysregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system participates in lipid metabolism and cervical cancer progression. However, the role and mechanism of deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 1 (USP1) in cervical cancer are still unclear. The cervical cancer transcriptome data from the GSE90738 database were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset. Differential expression gene (DEG) analysis, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), GeneCards database, and ubibrowser2.0 database were employed to identify potential ubiquitin-related targets involved in lipid metabolism during cervical cancer progression. Then, these intersected targets were subjected to cross-validation using three machine learning algorithms-Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, Support Vector Machine Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE), and Random Forest (RF), ultimately identifying one hub gene. GSE90738 and GEPIA databases were used to analyze USP1 expression in cervical cancer patients. The relationship between USP1 and overall survival or progress-free survival of cervical cancer patients was analyzed. USP1 mRNA level was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). USP1, FASN, and GPX4 protein levels were determined using western blot assay. Cell proliferation was detected using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) and colony formation assays. Lipid accumulation (Oil Red O/Nile Red), lipid-ROS, and ferrous iron levels were measured using special kits. A co-culture model of THP1 macrophages and cervical cancer cells was conducted to investigate the impacts of tumor cell-derived USP1 on THP1 macrophage polarization. The effect of USP1 on tumorigenesis was examined using a xenograft tumor model in vivo. A total of 19 potential signature genes were identified by DEG analysis, WGCNA, GeneCards database, and ubibrowser2.0 database. Through the three machine learning algorithms of LASSO, RF, and SVM-RFE, one hub gene (USP1) was identified with diagnostic potential. Furthermore, USP1 was upregulated in cervical cancer, and its silencing could repress cervical cancer cell proliferation, lipid metabolism, and promote ferroptosis. Meanwhile, USP1 silencing could hinder M2 polarization of TAMs by downregulating TGF-β1 and IL-10. Besides, USP1 deficiency suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Through bioinformatics analysis and experiments, this study discovered that USP1 knockdown inhibited cervical cancer growth and TAM M2 polarization, providing a promising therapeutic target for cervical cancer treatment.