Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) face a high risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia, often exacerbated by the toxicities of chemoradiotherapy, such as dysphagia, xerostomia, and mucositis. These Nutritional Impact Symptoms significantly compromise oral intake and negatively affect quality of life. This paper presents a conceptual framework designed to support clinicians in optimizing oral intake through personalized nutritional management. Central to this approach is the integration of systematic screening using MUST, the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002). Furthermore, functional assessment of swallowing via instrumental studies (VFSS/FEES) is essential for tailoring dietary textures according to the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative framework. Key nutritional strategies include high-energy and high-protein oral fortification, the use of oral nutritional supplements, and specific dietary adjustments addressing pain management and sensory alterations. A multidisciplinary approach involving nutritionists, speech-language pathologists, and oncologists is paramount to transition from reactive symptom management to proactive "adaptive nutrition," ultimately improving clinical outcomes and patient survival.

Background/Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic, immune-mediated enteropathy induced by dietary gluten exposure in genetically predisposed individuals. Along with non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), these disorders present with multiple intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms leading to multisystemic involvement, with complications documented in the oral cavity as well. Persistent immune activation and dysregulation, chronic inflammation, nutrient deficiencies, xerostomia, and microbial dysbiosis found in CD and NCGS constitute shared pathological findings, providing biological plausibility for an association with periodontitis. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted based on a systematic search of four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) and the gray literature through January 2026. A comprehensive set of clinical, radiographic, biochemical and immunological parameters was assessed. Two reviewers independently screened and selected studies, with disagreements resolved by consensus. Results: A total of 15 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Available evidence, mainly derived from cross-sectional observational studies, remains limited, methodologically heterogeneous, and largely inconclusive. Across adult and pediatric populations, findings do not consistently demonstrate a clinically meaningful association between CD or NCGS and periodontal inflammation, irrespective of gluten-free diet (GFD) adherence. Observed differences, when reported, are modest and inconsistent, and can be mainly attributed to oral hygiene behaviors and dental visit patterns. Conclusions: Despite considerable biological plausibility linking gluten-related disorders with periodontal inflammation, current evidence does not support a definitive conclusion regarding the impact of CD or NCGS on periodontal health.

Primary Sjögren's disease (SjD) is characterized by lymphocyte infiltration into exocrine glands. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a critical pathological mechanism underlying SjD, and mitophagy plays a vital role in clearing damaged mitochondria. This study used bioinformatic analysis to explore the potential roles of mitophagy-related genes in SjD pathogenesis and immune infiltration. Bioinformatic analysis was performed on the SjD microarray datasets to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Mitophagy-related DEGs were selected and analyzed using functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and machine learning (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator [LASSO] and Random Forest) to identify hub genes. Their diagnostic value was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Immune infiltration and its correlation with hub genes were also evaluated. Hub gene expression in the salivary glands of patients was validated using qRT-PCR. Regulatory networks were also predicted. Three hub genes (GABARAPL1, PINK1, and SQSTM1) were identified. They showed high diagnostic specificity and were downregulated in SjD salivary glands. Immune infiltration analysis revealed increased levels of activated natural killer (NK) cells, memory B cells, plasma cells, CD8+ T cells, Tfh cells, and M1 macrophages, but decreased levels of Tregs and M2 macrophages. Hub gene expression was correlated with specific immune cell subsets. Regulatory network predictions highlighted potential upstream regulators and therapeutic compounds. This study identified three mitophagy-related hub genes linked to immune dysregulation in SjD, providing novel insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.

Short video platforms have become significant sources of health information, yet evidence on the quality and reliability of Sjögren syndrome (SS)-related short videos is limited, particularly with respect to comparative assessments across different platforms. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and reliability of short videos of SS on TikTok and Bilibili. A cross-sectional study was conducted in China by searching predefined SS-related keywords on TikTok and Bilibili. Searches were performed up to October 7, 2025, and the top 120 videos from each platform were included (n = 240). Video characteristics, content categories, and uploader types were extracted. Information quality and reliability were assessed using the Global Quality Scale (GQS; higher scores indicate better overall educational quality) and modified DISCERN (mDISCERN; higher scores indicate greater reliability and better-quality health information). Chi-square tests were used to assess differences in platform distributions, while the Mann-Whitney U test compared engagement data and quality scores between TikTok and Bilibili. Spearman rank correlation (ρ) was used to assess associations between engagement metrics and quality scores. Of the 220 videos analyzed (TikTok: 108; Bilibili: 112), content predominantly covered symptoms (176, 80.0%), diagnosis (118, 53.6%), and treatment (78, 35.4%), whereas epidemiology (32, 14.5%), etiology (54, 24.5%), and prevention (41, 18.6%) were less frequent. Among uploaders, specialists contributed the largest share of videos (n = 147), whereas nonspecialists and individual users accounted for fewer videos (n = 43 and n = 30, respectively). The overall median GQS and mDISCERN scores were both 2.00 (interquartile range: 2.00-3.00), indicating suboptimal quality. Videos uploaded by specialists exhibited significantly higher GQS and mDISCERN scores than those uploaded by nonspecialists or individual users (P < .0001). Engagement metrics were weakly correlated with quality scores. SS-related short videos on TikTok and Bilibili in China showed suboptimal information quality and reliability and uneven topic coverage, with epidemiology, etiology, and prevention being underrepresented. Videos uploaded by specialists were associated with higher GQS and mDISCERN scores. These findings highlight the need for better regulation and monitoring of health content on short video platforms.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a common autoimmune disease, with the minor salivary gland (MSG) being the main affected tissue; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Although changes in long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression have been reported in pSS, their biological functions are uncertain, despite the regulatory roles suggested. Therefore, it would be meaningful to systematically investigate the gene expression of lncRNAs in pSS for their regulatory roles and possible contribution to the disease development.