Raeder's paratrigeminal neuralgia is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by ipsilateral periorbital pain, partial Horner syndrome (ptosis and miosis without anhidrosis), and sensory disturbances in the ophthalmic division (V1) of the trigeminal nerve[1]. The syndrome results from involvement of sympathetic fibers traveling along the internal carotid artery (ICA), often in association with vascular or parasellar pathologies[2]. Among its etiologies, ICA dissection is particularly important, as it may present with unilateral headache and cranial autonomic features that closely mimic trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs)[2,3]. This overlap may lead to misdiagnosis and delay in the identification of potentially serious vascular conditions[4]. Recognition of distinguishing clinical features is therefore critical.

A 41-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department (ED) with left sided headache, radiating to the left ear while also complaining of dizziness. A non-contrast CT brain, performed during a previous presentation five days earlier, was normal. On his second presentation, the patient displayed clinical signs of carotid artery dissection including left sided partial Horner's syndrome.

A 2-year-old, male neutered domestic shorthair cat presented with a 1-month history of non-specific pain and inappetence, left-sided Horner syndrome, pelvic limb proprioceptive ataxia, upper motor neuron paraparesis and a plantigrade stance. Advanced imaging revealed a heterogeneous contrast-enhancing extradural mass dorsal to the T1-T2 intervertebral disc space, causing severe left-sided spinal cord compression. Medical image processing software was used to generate a patient-specific three-dimensional spine model based on MRI and CT data. A biomechanical three-dimensional-printed replica of the T1-T3 region allowed preoperative simulation of a left-sided hemilaminectomy and mass removal, confirming contiguity of the lesion with the T1 vertebral body and extension along the vertebral canal to T2-T3. The model aided intraoperative landmark identification and facilitated safe and effective spinal cord decompression. Histopathology from surgical biopsy was most consistent with either chondroblastic osteosarcoma or chondrosarcoma. Postoperative radiation therapy was initiated but discontinued owing to difficulties establishing reliable intravenous access. Progressive neurologic deterioration eventually led to euthanasia. Post-mortem CT and necropsy confirmed a diagnosis of chondroblastic osteosarcoma without evidence of metastatic disease. The cat had a survival time of 356 days after surgery (387 days from initial presentation).

Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a rare cause of Pancoast syndrome. We present a 54-year-old man with shoulder pain, arm weakness, and a middle ear mass, leading to a diagnosis of SCLC at the lung apex. This case highlights the importance of considering SCLC in the differential diagnosis of Pancoast syndrome. Early recognition and a comprehensive diagnostic approach are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent form of thyroid malignancy. Although it carries a favorable prognosis, especially for individuals under the age of 45, tumor recurrences in the thyroid bed still occur. In fact, recurrence rates are observed in approximately 20% of patients following initial treatment. For patients who are not candidates for surgery or radioactive iodine therapy, ethanol ablation is a treatment option for recurrences in the thyroid bed and lymph node metastases. This case report details a 31-year-old female patient with a PTC who underwent total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy. One year later, a locoregional recurrence developed in the thyroid bed. The recurrence was determined to be iodine-refractory, and due to its size and the patient's preference, surgery was not an option; hence ethanol ablation was performed. After the ethanol ablation procedure, the patient exhibited left eyelid drooping. She was diagnosed with Horner syndrome characterized by left upper eyelid ptosis, myosis, and anhidrosis. Although uncommon, Horner syndrome should still be considered as a potential postoperative complication in patients undergoing ethanol ablation for locoregional recurrence of PTC.