Epiglottic inclusion cysts are extremely rare benign laryngeal lesions. A 41-year-old woman suffered from persistent pharyngeal foreign body sensation for one year. Laryngoscopy detected a giant epiglottic cyst, and contrast-enhanced cervical CT showed the typical pedunculated 'apple sign'. Under fiber optic intubation, complete resection was performed by suspension laryngoscopic coblation. Histopathology verified epiglottic inclusion cyst. Pathognomonic apple sign significantly contributes to precise preoperative diagnosis and individualized surgical planning. Transoral plasma resection provides a safe, effective and low recurrence therapeutic option for this rare laryngeal disease.

Disulfidptosis, an emerging metabolism-associated regulated cell death pathway, involves tumor progression via the modulation of redox homeostasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are promising for tumor prognostic models, but prognostic models based on lncRNAs associated with disulfidptosis-related genes remain scarce in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). By utilizing TCGA-LSCC RNA sequencing datasets, this research identified differentially expressed disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) and lncRNAs coexpressed with these DRGs and subsequently established a 5-lncRNA prognostic signature through Pearson correlation analysis, LASSO Cox regression, and Cox regression analysis. This signature stratified LSCC patients into high-risk and low-risk subgroups with distinct survival outcomes and acceptable discriminatory performance in the analyzed TCGA-derived cohort. DUBR, a key oncogenic lncRNA in the model, correlated with poor prognosis and was functionally associated with the disulfidptosis-related gene TLN1. MeRIP-qPCR further supported that DUBR carries m6A modification, and METTL3 knockdown reduced DUBR m6A enrichment, suggesting possible METTL3-dependent m6A regulation of DUBR. DUBR silencing inhibited LSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, transfection with a TLN1 overexpression plasmid partially restored the proliferation inhibition induced by DUBR knockdown, supporting the potential functional involvement of TLN1 in DUBR-mediated proliferative effects. Exploratory in silico drug-response analyses identified differential predicted responses to entinostat, linsitinib, and VE-822 according to risk status and DUBR expression. This internally validated signature may support exploratory prognostic risk stratification of LSCC within the analyzed TCGA-derived cohort and may highlight DUBR as a candidate molecule for further biological investigation. Further validation in independent external cohorts and dedicated disulfidptosis functional assays is required before these findings can be considered generalizable.

The integration of near-infrared (NIR) laser phototherapy with chemotherapy in a synergistic multimodal approach holds significant potential for future nanomedicine applications across various tumors, owing to its lower invasiveness, diminished adverse effects, and enhanced antitumor efficacy. In this study, copper oxide nanoparticles (CO NPs) were functionalized with the chlorin e6 (C6) photosensitizer and coated with polydopamine (PD) to develop a nanosystem (CO@C6-PD) for photodynamic and photothermal therapy (PDT/PTT). Subsequently, the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel (DT) was incorporated, with folic acid (FA) utilized as a targeted material for laryngeal cancer. The developed FA@CO@C6-PD/DT NPs exhibited a nanoscale diameter, excellent surface charge, efficient DT loading, colloidal stability, cytocompatibility, and regulated DT release. Investigations on TU212 laryngeal cancer cells demonstrated that the FA@CO@C6-PD/DT exhibited significant synergistic antitumor effects via chemo/PDT/PTT, with an IC50 of 49 μg/mL, markedly less than the 225 μg/mL observed without NIR laser exposure. Furthermore, FA@CO@C6-PD/DT generated elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels upon exposure to a 660 nm laser (2 W/cm[2] for 6 min), leading to alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential and facilitating tumor cell death in TU212 cells. Collectively, the results suggest that FA@CO@C6-PD/DT may serve as a compelling nanoplatform for combination therapy involving chemotherapy, PTT, and PDT in laryngeal cancer.

Laryngeal mucormycosis is an uncommon form of fungal laryngitis that typically affects immunocompromised individuals. We report a rare such case in a male in his 40s who had recently recovered from severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus disease-19 (SARS CoV-2 infection-COVID 19) and presented with a 1-month history of worsening hoarseness, haemoptysis, and noisy breathing. A chewing gum-like subglottic necrotic mass was biopsied. The rarity of the diagnosis was aided by histopathological and microbial study of the mass, which confirmed mucormycosis. Management included surgical debulking, intravenous liposomal amphotericin B and oral posaconazole followed by staged management of subglottic stenosis.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN-2B) syndrome is a genetic disorder that predisposes to the development of tumours in the mouth, eyes and endocrine glands. It is associated with mucosal neuromas; however, laryngeal mucosal neuromas are very rare. We describe an adolescent with MEN-2B who presented with dysphonia, nocturnal stridor and exertional dyspnoea following a total thyroidectomy for an invasive medullary thyroid carcinoma with right recurrent laryngeal nerve sacrifice.Following initial assessment, laryngeal stroboscopy was performed, followed by a microlaryngobronchoscopy under general anaesthetic. A lesion was identified on the left vocal process that underwent debulking. Histopathological findings were consistent with mucosal neuromas.Laryngeal neuromas are rare in the context of MEN-2B and can pose significant diagnostic challenges, particularly in a patient with other airway pathologies. An awareness of different clinical features of MEN-2B is important to consider in differential diagnoses, and biopsy and histopathological analysis are essential for diagnostic purposes.