Migraine is commonly regarded as a primary neurovascular disorder; however, systemic endothelial and autonomic factors may modulate its expression and course. A 41-year-old male with a 10-year history of migraine without aura and vasomotor rhinitis experienced sustained remission after initiation of nebivolol 5 mg and (perindopril 5 mg/indapamide 1.25 mg/amlodipine 5 mg) once daily for mild hypertension. Attacks occurred 3-4 times per month-often on Saturdays-were triggered by strong odors such as perfume, and occasionally accompanied by nausea or vomiting. Headaches fulfilled ICHD-3 criteria for migraine without aura and initially responded to triptans. Within two weeks of therapy, blood pressure normalized and both migraine and nasal symptoms resolved. Remission persisted for 12 months. The temporal sequence and clinical pattern appear consistent with a clinical improvement that may involve endothelial and autonomic modulation, among several plausible contributors, including combined antihypertensive therapy. The patient's blood pressure remained within the physiological range throughout the observation period, indicating that the sustained remission extended beyond antihypertensive control per se. This case illustrates a hypothesis-generating clinical pattern potentially involving endothelial and autonomic modulation and highlights how vascular homeostasis and circadian autonomic factors may influence migraine chronification and remission.

Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is a highly prevalent IgE-mediated chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa worldwide. Its incidence is continuously increasing and has become one of the important chronic diseases affecting public health. Recent studies have gradually revealed that AR not only presents with local symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and nasal itching, but is also closely related to a wide range of physical and mental health problems, especially mental and psychological disorders (such as anxiety and depression) and decreased sleep quality. There is a complex two-way or even circular interaction between these three factors. This article systematically reviews the epidemiological characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms of AR, and focuses on exploring the association pathways and potential mechanisms between AR and mental health as well as sleep disorders, including neuroimmune regulation (such as inflammatory mediators, HPA axis function), psychological and behavioral factors, and social function impairment. Based on this, the article further summarizes the assessment tools and multimodal intervention strategies for mental and psychological problems and sleep disorders in AR patients, covering drug treatment, psychotherapy, sleep hygiene education, and comprehensive health management, etc. This article integrates current evidence and provides a theoretical framework for a comprehensive understanding of the multi-dimensional impact of AR, and offers references for comprehensive assessment and individualized intervention in clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the distribution, prevalence, clinical characteristics, risk factors, treatment, prevention and control of Artemisia pollen-induced allergic rhinitis（PiAR） in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, northern China. Methods:From April to June 2023, a multi-stage, stratified and random sampling method was used to conduct a full coverage epidemiological investigation in the 4 districts and 5 counties of Hohhot City. Face-to-face questionnaire surveys and skin prick tests（SPT） were conducted on the population, while pollen counts were used to monitor pollen exposure levels, to observe the prevalence, population distribution characteristics, major risk factors and control of Artemisia pollen PiAR. Data processing was carried out using SAS software 9.4. Results:A total of 1 621 patients allergic to Artemisia pollen completed the questionnaire, with a prevalence rate of 26.7%. The high-incidence age group was 13-17 years old, and the prevalence rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. The main clinical symptoms are mainly nasal itching, sneezing and clear nasal discharge. The pollen amount of Artemisia reaches its peak in September. The peak time of the frequency of clinical symptoms in patients with Artemisia PiAR is about one month earlier than the peak time of pollen concentration. Under the comprehensive prevention and control strategy, compared with 2020, the application of antihistamines and nasal spray hormones has increased, and the degree of symptom reduction, the proportion of preventive medication in advance during the pollen season, and the proportion of regular medication during the pollen season have also increased（P<0.01）. Conclusion:This study clarified the prevalence rate, risk factors and prevention and control of PiAR in Artemisia pollen. It provides rich data and basis for in-depth research and prevention and control of this disease.

Objective:To identify reliable anatomical landmarks through endoscopic dissection of the palatovaginal canal（PVC） and to introduce a novel posterior nasal neurectomy（PNN） approach via this canal, while evaluating its clinical efficacy in allergic rhinitis（AR）. Methods:Surgical-route dissection was performed on 10 dry skulls and 2 fresh cadaveric heads to obtain high-definition images of the PVC region. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 30 AR patients who underwent PNN in which the PVC served as the key landmark. Symptom severity was assessed with a visual analogue scale（VAS） pre-operatively and 12 months post-operatively. Results:Critical landmarks for the new approach were identified, including the sphenoidal process of the palatine bone, posterior aperture of the PVC, posterior sulcus, PVC itself, vomerovaginal canal, vaginal process, and sphenopalatine foramen. One year after surgery, mean VAS scores for nasal obstruction, itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea, and overall discomfort were all lower than baseline with statistically significant differences. Aside from transient palatal numbness in five patients, no other complications occurred. Conclusion:Endoscopic PNN via the palatovaginal canal is a safe and effective surgical method for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Four dogs were presented for sneezing, nasal discharge, and epistaxis. All were mesocephalic or dolicocephalic and age ranged from 1.5 to 7 years. Computed tomographic imaging findings included focal destructive rhinitis. Endoscopic findings included turbinate and septum loss, mucopurulent discharge and fungal plaques. All dogs were treated with endoscopic debridement and clotrimazole infusion. One dog had resolution of clinical signs, 2 dogs developed subsequent nasal aspergillosis, and 1 dog had persistent nasal signs associated with polyposis.

Lemongrass essential oil (LG) has known to exhibit anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the potential effects of LG on allergic rhinitis (AR) have not been investigated. The present study investigated the effects of LG on AR induced by Japanese cedar pollen (JCP). The present study investigated the effects of LG on AR induced by JCP. Mice were actively sensitized by i.p. injections of JCP adsorbed to alum, and then repeatedly challenged by intranasal administrations of JCP. A subset of animals was treated intranasally with LG prior to each JCP challenge. Repeated intranasal administration of JCP induced nasal allergic responses, as evidenced by increased frequencies of sneezing and nasal rubbing, accompanied by elevated levels of total and Cry J1-specific IgE in serum. Furthermore, the nasal response to intranasally administered histamine was significantly augmented after the last JCP challenge, indicating the development of nasal hyperresponsiveness (NHR). LG pretreatment significantly attenuated both JCP-induced nasal allergic responses and NHR without affecting serum IgE levels. These findings suggest that LG, which is widely used in aromatherapy, may represent a novel complementary approach for the treatment of AR induced by JCP.

This study explores the regulatory roles of TOP2A and PBX3 in mast cell sensitization and allergic rhinitis (AR). We induced mast cell differentiation from Balb/c mouse bone marrow cells via IL-3 and SCF, and found markedly increased TOP2A expression. TOP2A plays a key role in mast cell parthanatos, survival, mitochondrial function, and degranulation. Overexpression enhanced cell survival, reduced apoptosis, and maintained mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), while knockdown reversed these effects. Additionally, TOP2A regulates DNA damage, senescence, and inflammation, particularly PARP-1 expression linked to DNA damage. To explore its upstream regulation, we found that PBX3 directly binds to the TOP2A promoter to regulate transcription. High PBX3 expression correlates closely with aggravated AR symptoms, while PBX3 knockdown significantly alleviated AR symptoms in mice, including reduced sneezing, nose rubbing, nasal discharge, and decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells, eosinophils, and mast cells. In conclusion, PBX3 plays an important role in regulating TOP2A expression, DNA damage, cell senescence, inflammation, and mitochondrial function, making it a potential target for AR treatment.