Thrombocytosis

Thrombocytosis is a topic covered in the Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics.

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General Principles

Definition

Thrombocytosis is defined as a platelet count of >450 × 10/L by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Etiology

Thrombocytosis has reactive and clonal etiologies that may coexist.

  • Reactive thrombocytosis may occur during recovery from thrombocytopenia; after splenectomy; or in response to iron deficiency, acute infectious or chronic inflammatory states, trauma, and malignancies.
    • Low risks of thrombosis or bleeding.
    • Platelets normalize after improvement of the underlying disorder.
    • If accompanied by thrombotic complications, evaluate for an underlying myeloproliferative disorder.
  • Essential thrombocytosis (ET) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder. Eventual progression to myelofibrosis, acute myeloid leukemia, or myelodysplastic syndrome occurs in a minority of ET patients.1

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General Principles

Definition

Thrombocytosis is defined as a platelet count of >450 × 10/L by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Etiology

Thrombocytosis has reactive and clonal etiologies that may coexist.

  • Reactive thrombocytosis may occur during recovery from thrombocytopenia; after splenectomy; or in response to iron deficiency, acute infectious or chronic inflammatory states, trauma, and malignancies.
    • Low risks of thrombosis or bleeding.
    • Platelets normalize after improvement of the underlying disorder.
    • If accompanied by thrombotic complications, evaluate for an underlying myeloproliferative disorder.
  • Essential thrombocytosis (ET) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder. Eventual progression to myelofibrosis, acute myeloid leukemia, or myelodysplastic syndrome occurs in a minority of ET patients.1

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