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The effects of a low-fat, plant-based dietary intervention on body weight, metabolism, and insulin sensitivity.
Am J Med. 2005 Sep; 118(9):991-7.AJ

Abstract

PURPOSE

This study investigated the effect of a low-fat, plant-based diet on body weight, metabolism, and insulin sensitivity, while controlling for exercise in free-living individuals.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

In an outpatient setting, 64 overweight, postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to a low-fat, vegan diet or a control diet based on National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines, without energy intake limits, and were asked to maintain exercise unchanged. Dietary intake, body weight and composition, resting metabolic rate, thermic effect of food, and insulin sensitivity were measured at baseline and 14 weeks.

RESULTS

Mean +/- standard deviation intervention-group body weight decreased 5.8 +/- 3.2 kg, compared with 3.8 +/- 2.8 kg in the control group (P = .012). In a regression model of predictors of weight change, including diet group and changes in energy intake, thermic effect of food, resting metabolic rate, and reported energy expenditure, significant effects were found for diet group (P < .05), thermic effect of food (P < .05), and resting metabolic rate (P < .001). An index of insulin sensitivity increased from 4.6 +/- 2.9 to 5.7 +/- 3.9 (P = .017) in the intervention group, but the difference between groups was not significant (P = .17).

CONCLUSION

Adoption of a low-fat, vegan diet was associated with significant weight loss in overweight postmenopausal women, despite the absence of prescribed limits on portion size or energy intake.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Barnard ND
Department of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
Scialli AR
No affiliation info available
Turner-McGrievy G
No affiliation info available
Lanou AJ
No affiliation info available
Glass J
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAgedBasal MetabolismBlood GlucoseBody WeightDiet, Fat-RestrictedDiet, VegetarianFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInsulin ResistanceMiddle AgedObesityPostmenopauseTime Factors

Pub Type(s)

Clinical Trial
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16164885

Clinical Trial Links

Diet, Insulin Sensitivity, and Postprandial Metabolism
Modification of Diet in Renal Transplantation (MDRT)
Plant-Based Dietary Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes
Plant-Based, American Heart Assoc. or Mediterranean Diets In 9-18 yo With BMI >95%, Cholesterol >169 and Their Parents

Citation

Barnard, Neal D., et al. "The Effects of a Low-fat, Plant-based Dietary Intervention On Body Weight, Metabolism, and Insulin Sensitivity." The American Journal of Medicine, vol. 118, no. 9, 2005, pp. 991-7.
Barnard ND, Scialli AR, Turner-McGrievy G, et al. The effects of a low-fat, plant-based dietary intervention on body weight, metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Am J Med. 2005;118(9):991-7.
Barnard, N. D., Scialli, A. R., Turner-McGrievy, G., Lanou, A. J., & Glass, J. (2005). The effects of a low-fat, plant-based dietary intervention on body weight, metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. The American Journal of Medicine, 118(9), 991-7.
Barnard ND, et al. The Effects of a Low-fat, Plant-based Dietary Intervention On Body Weight, Metabolism, and Insulin Sensitivity. Am J Med. 2005;118(9):991-7. PubMed PMID: 16164885.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of a low-fat, plant-based dietary intervention on body weight, metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. AU - Barnard,Neal D, AU - Scialli,Anthony R, AU - Turner-McGrievy,Gabrielle, AU - Lanou,Amy J, AU - Glass,Jolie, PY - 2004/03/09/received PY - 2005/03/31/revised PY - 2005/03/31/accepted PY - 2005/9/17/pubmed PY - 2005/10/12/medline PY - 2005/9/17/entrez SP - 991 EP - 7 JF - The American journal of medicine JO - Am J Med VL - 118 IS - 9 N2 - PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of a low-fat, plant-based diet on body weight, metabolism, and insulin sensitivity, while controlling for exercise in free-living individuals. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In an outpatient setting, 64 overweight, postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to a low-fat, vegan diet or a control diet based on National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines, without energy intake limits, and were asked to maintain exercise unchanged. Dietary intake, body weight and composition, resting metabolic rate, thermic effect of food, and insulin sensitivity were measured at baseline and 14 weeks. RESULTS: Mean +/- standard deviation intervention-group body weight decreased 5.8 +/- 3.2 kg, compared with 3.8 +/- 2.8 kg in the control group (P = .012). In a regression model of predictors of weight change, including diet group and changes in energy intake, thermic effect of food, resting metabolic rate, and reported energy expenditure, significant effects were found for diet group (P < .05), thermic effect of food (P < .05), and resting metabolic rate (P < .001). An index of insulin sensitivity increased from 4.6 +/- 2.9 to 5.7 +/- 3.9 (P = .017) in the intervention group, but the difference between groups was not significant (P = .17). CONCLUSION: Adoption of a low-fat, vegan diet was associated with significant weight loss in overweight postmenopausal women, despite the absence of prescribed limits on portion size or energy intake. SN - 0002-9343 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16164885/full_citation DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -