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Dietary patterns and risk of death and progression to ESRD in individuals with CKD: a cohort study.
Am J Kidney Dis. 2014 Aug; 64(2):204-13.AJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Nutrition is linked strongly with health outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, few studies have examined relationships between dietary patterns and health outcomes in persons with CKD.

STUDY DESIGN

Observational cohort study.

SETTING & PARTICIPANTS

3,972 participants with CKD (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or albumin-creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/g at baseline) from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study, a prospective cohort study of 30,239 black and white adults at least 45 years of age.

PREDICTORS

5 empirically derived dietary patterns identified by factor analysis: "convenience" (Chinese and Mexican foods, pizza, and other mixed dishes), "plant-based" (fruits and vegetables), "sweets/fats" (sugary foods), "Southern" (fried foods, organ meats, and sweetened beverages), and "alcohol/salads" (alcohol, green-leafy vegetables, and salad dressing).

OUTCOMES

All-cause mortality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

RESULTS

816 deaths and 141 ESRD events were observed over approximately 6 years of follow-up. There were no statistically significant associations of convenience, sweets/fats, or alcohol/salads pattern scores with all-cause mortality after multivariable adjustment. In Cox regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors, energy intake, comorbid conditions, and baseline kidney function, higher plant-based pattern scores (indicating greater consistency with the pattern) were associated with lower risk of mortality (HR comparing fourth to first quartile, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.97), whereas higher Southern pattern scores were associated with greater risk of mortality (HR comparing fourth to first quartile, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.19-1.92). There were no associations of dietary patterns with incident ESRD in multivariable-adjusted models.

LIMITATIONS

Missing dietary pattern data, potential residual confounding from lifestyle factors.

CONCLUSIONS

A Southern dietary pattern rich in processed and fried foods was associated independently with mortality in persons with CKD. In contrast, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables appeared to be protective.

Links

PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations

Gutiérrez OM
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. Electronic address: ogutierr@uab.edu.
Muntner P
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Rizk DV
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
McClellan WM
Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Warnock DG
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Newby PK
Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Program in Graduate Medical Nutrition Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Program in Gastronomy, Culinary Arts, and Wine Studies, Boston University Metropolitan College, Boston, MA.
Judd SE
Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

MeSH

AgedCohort StudiesDisease ProgressionFeeding BehaviorFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansKidney Failure, ChronicMaleMiddle AgedPopulation SurveillanceProspective StudiesRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRisk Factors

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Observational Study
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Language

eng

PubMed ID

24679894

Citation

Gutiérrez, Orlando M., et al. "Dietary Patterns and Risk of Death and Progression to ESRD in Individuals With CKD: a Cohort Study." American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation, vol. 64, no. 2, 2014, pp. 204-13.
Gutiérrez OM, Muntner P, Rizk DV, et al. Dietary patterns and risk of death and progression to ESRD in individuals with CKD: a cohort study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014;64(2):204-13.
Gutiérrez, O. M., Muntner, P., Rizk, D. V., McClellan, W. M., Warnock, D. G., Newby, P. K., & Judd, S. E. (2014). Dietary patterns and risk of death and progression to ESRD in individuals with CKD: a cohort study. American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 64(2), 204-13. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.02.013
Gutiérrez OM, et al. Dietary Patterns and Risk of Death and Progression to ESRD in Individuals With CKD: a Cohort Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014;64(2):204-13. PubMed PMID: 24679894.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary patterns and risk of death and progression to ESRD in individuals with CKD: a cohort study. AU - Gutiérrez,Orlando M, AU - Muntner,Paul, AU - Rizk,Dana V, AU - McClellan,William M, AU - Warnock,David G, AU - Newby,P K, AU - Judd,Suzanne E, Y1 - 2014/03/27/ PY - 2013/10/10/received PY - 2014/02/04/accepted PY - 2014/4/1/entrez PY - 2014/4/1/pubmed PY - 2014/9/23/medline KW - Dietary pattern KW - chronic kidney disease (CKD) KW - disease progression KW - kidney failure KW - modifiable risk factor KW - mortality risk KW - nutrition SP - 204 EP - 13 JF - American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation JO - Am J Kidney Dis VL - 64 IS - 2 N2 - BACKGROUND: Nutrition is linked strongly with health outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, few studies have examined relationships between dietary patterns and health outcomes in persons with CKD. STUDY DESIGN: Observational cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 3,972 participants with CKD (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or albumin-creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/g at baseline) from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study, a prospective cohort study of 30,239 black and white adults at least 45 years of age. PREDICTORS: 5 empirically derived dietary patterns identified by factor analysis: "convenience" (Chinese and Mexican foods, pizza, and other mixed dishes), "plant-based" (fruits and vegetables), "sweets/fats" (sugary foods), "Southern" (fried foods, organ meats, and sweetened beverages), and "alcohol/salads" (alcohol, green-leafy vegetables, and salad dressing). OUTCOMES: All-cause mortality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). RESULTS: 816 deaths and 141 ESRD events were observed over approximately 6 years of follow-up. There were no statistically significant associations of convenience, sweets/fats, or alcohol/salads pattern scores with all-cause mortality after multivariable adjustment. In Cox regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors, energy intake, comorbid conditions, and baseline kidney function, higher plant-based pattern scores (indicating greater consistency with the pattern) were associated with lower risk of mortality (HR comparing fourth to first quartile, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.97), whereas higher Southern pattern scores were associated with greater risk of mortality (HR comparing fourth to first quartile, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.19-1.92). There were no associations of dietary patterns with incident ESRD in multivariable-adjusted models. LIMITATIONS: Missing dietary pattern data, potential residual confounding from lifestyle factors. CONCLUSIONS: A Southern dietary pattern rich in processed and fried foods was associated independently with mortality in persons with CKD. In contrast, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables appeared to be protective. SN - 1523-6838 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/24679894/full_citation DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -