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Prevalence of hyperthyroidism according to type of vegetarian diet.
Public Health Nutr. 2015 Jun; 18(8):1482-7.PH

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Vegetarian diets may be associated with low prevalence of autoimmune disease, as observed in rural sub-Saharan Africans. Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder, is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. We studied prevalence of hyperthyroidism according to dietary pattern in a population with a high proportion of vegetarians.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional prevalence study. The association between diet and prevalence of hyperthyroidism was examined using multivariate logistic regression analyses controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and salt use.

SETTING

The Adventist Health Study-2 conducted in the USA and Canada.

SUBJECTS

Church members (n 65 981) provided demographic, dietary, lifestyle and medical history data by questionnaire.

RESULTS

The prevalence of self-reported hyperthyroidism was 0·9 %. Male gender (OR=0·32; 95 % CI 0·26, 0·41) and moderate or high income (OR=0·67; 95 % CI 0·52, 0·88 and OR=0·73; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·91, respectively) protected against hyperthyroidism, while obesity and prevalent CVD were associated with increased risk (OR=1·25; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·54 and OR=1·92; 95 % CI 1·53, 2·42, respectively). Vegan, lacto-ovo and pesco vegetarian diets were associated with lower risk compared with omnivorous diets (OR=0·49; 95 % CI 0·33, OR=0·72, 0·65; 95 % CI 0·53, 0·81 and OR=0·74; 95 % CI 0·56, 1·00, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Exclusion of all animal foods was associated with half the prevalence of hyperthyroidism compared with omnivorous diets. Lacto-ovo and pesco vegetarian diets were associated with intermediate protection. Further study of potential mechanisms is warranted.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Tonstad S
1Department of Health Promotion and Education,School of Public Health,Loma Linda University,24951 N. Circle Drive,Nichol Hall Room 1519,Loma Linda,CA 92354,USA.
Nathan E
1Department of Health Promotion and Education,School of Public Health,Loma Linda University,24951 N. Circle Drive,Nichol Hall Room 1519,Loma Linda,CA 92354,USA.
Oda K
2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Loma Linda University,Loma Linda,CA,USA.
Fraser GE
3Department of Cardiology,School of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Loma Linda University,Loma Linda,CA,USA.

MeSH

AdultAfrica South of the SaharaAgedBody Mass IndexCardiovascular DiseasesCross-Sectional StudiesDiet, VegetarianFemaleHumansHyperthyroidismLife StyleLogistic ModelsLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisObesityPrevalenceRisk FactorsSurveys and Questionnaires

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Language

eng

PubMed ID

25263477

Citation

Tonstad, Serena, et al. "Prevalence of Hyperthyroidism According to Type of Vegetarian Diet." Public Health Nutrition, vol. 18, no. 8, 2015, pp. 1482-7.
Tonstad S, Nathan E, Oda K, et al. Prevalence of hyperthyroidism according to type of vegetarian diet. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(8):1482-7.
Tonstad, S., Nathan, E., Oda, K., & Fraser, G. E. (2015). Prevalence of hyperthyroidism according to type of vegetarian diet. Public Health Nutrition, 18(8), 1482-7. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980014002183
Tonstad S, et al. Prevalence of Hyperthyroidism According to Type of Vegetarian Diet. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(8):1482-7. PubMed PMID: 25263477.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence of hyperthyroidism according to type of vegetarian diet. AU - Tonstad,Serena, AU - Nathan,Edward, AU - Oda,Keiji, AU - Fraser,Gary E, Y1 - 2014/09/29/ PY - 2014/9/30/entrez PY - 2014/9/30/pubmed PY - 2016/4/26/medline KW - Thyroid SP - 1482 EP - 7 JF - Public health nutrition JO - Public Health Nutr VL - 18 IS - 8 N2 - OBJECTIVE: Vegetarian diets may be associated with low prevalence of autoimmune disease, as observed in rural sub-Saharan Africans. Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder, is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. We studied prevalence of hyperthyroidism according to dietary pattern in a population with a high proportion of vegetarians. DESIGN: Cross-sectional prevalence study. The association between diet and prevalence of hyperthyroidism was examined using multivariate logistic regression analyses controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and salt use. SETTING: The Adventist Health Study-2 conducted in the USA and Canada. SUBJECTS: Church members (n 65 981) provided demographic, dietary, lifestyle and medical history data by questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-reported hyperthyroidism was 0·9 %. Male gender (OR=0·32; 95 % CI 0·26, 0·41) and moderate or high income (OR=0·67; 95 % CI 0·52, 0·88 and OR=0·73; 95 % CI 0·58, 0·91, respectively) protected against hyperthyroidism, while obesity and prevalent CVD were associated with increased risk (OR=1·25; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·54 and OR=1·92; 95 % CI 1·53, 2·42, respectively). Vegan, lacto-ovo and pesco vegetarian diets were associated with lower risk compared with omnivorous diets (OR=0·49; 95 % CI 0·33, OR=0·72, 0·65; 95 % CI 0·53, 0·81 and OR=0·74; 95 % CI 0·56, 1·00, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Exclusion of all animal foods was associated with half the prevalence of hyperthyroidism compared with omnivorous diets. Lacto-ovo and pesco vegetarian diets were associated with intermediate protection. Further study of potential mechanisms is warranted. SN - 1475-2727 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/25263477/full_citation DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -
Grapherence [↓11 ↑23]

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