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A Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Improves Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Adults: A 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial.
Nutrients. 2018 Feb 09; 10(2)N

Abstract

The aim of this study was to test the effect of a plant-based dietary intervention on beta-cell function in overweight adults with no history of diabetes. Participants (n = 75) were randomized to follow a low-fat plant-based diet (n = 38) or to make no diet changes (n = 37) for 16 weeks. At baseline and 16 weeks, beta-cell function was quantified with a mathematical model. Using a standard meal test, insulin secretory rate was calculated by C-peptide deconvolution. The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) index was used to assess insulin resistance while fasting. A marked increase in meal-stimulated insulin secretion was observed in the intervention group compared with controls (interaction between group and time, Gxt, p < 0.001). HOMA-IR index fell significantly (p < 0.001) in the intervention group (treatment effect -1.0 (95% CI, -1.2 to -0.8); Gxt, p = 0.004). Changes in HOMA-IR correlated positively with changes in body mass index (BMI) and visceral fat volume (r = 0.34; p = 0.009 and r = 0.42; p = 0.001, respectively). The latter remained significant after adjustment for changes in BMI (r = 0.41; p = 0.002). Changes in glucose-induced insulin secretion correlated negatively with BMI changes (r = -0.25; p = 0.04), but not with changes in visceral fat. Beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity were significantly improved through a low-fat plant-based diet in overweight adults.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Kahleova H
Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC 20016, USA. hkahleova@pcrm.org.
Tura A
Metabolic Unit, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 35127 Padua, Italy. andrea.tura@cnr.it.
Hill M
Institute of Endocrinology, 11394 Prague, Czech Republic. mhill@endo.cz.
Holubkov R
School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA. richard.holubkov@hsc.utah.edu.
Barnard ND
Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC 20016, USA. nbarnard@pcrm.org. Adjunct Faculty, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20016, USA. nbarnard@pcrm.org.

MeSH

Absorptiometry, PhotonAdiposityAdultAgedBody Mass IndexDiet, Fat-RestrictedDiet, ReducingDiet, VeganDistrict of ColumbiaEnergy IntakeFemaleHumansInsulinInsulin ResistanceInsulin SecretionInsulin-Secreting CellsIntra-Abdominal FatMaleMiddle AgedObesityOverweightPostprandial PeriodWeight Loss

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial

Language

eng

PubMed ID

29425120

Clinical Trial Links

Plant-Based Online Weight Loss Through Education and Resources Program and Study
Dietary Oxysterols and β-Cell Function Among African Americans

Citation

Kahleova, Hana, et al. "A Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Improves Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Adults: a 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial." Nutrients, vol. 10, no. 2, 2018.
Kahleova H, Tura A, Hill M, et al. A Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Improves Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Adults: A 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients. 2018;10(2).
Kahleova, H., Tura, A., Hill, M., Holubkov, R., & Barnard, N. D. (2018). A Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Improves Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Adults: A 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10020189
Kahleova H, et al. A Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Improves Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Adults: a 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients. 2018 Feb 9;10(2) PubMed PMID: 29425120.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - A Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Improves Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Adults: A 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial. AU - Kahleova,Hana, AU - Tura,Andrea, AU - Hill,Martin, AU - Holubkov,Richard, AU - Barnard,Neal D, Y1 - 2018/02/09/ PY - 2017/12/19/received PY - 2018/01/30/revised PY - 2018/02/05/accepted PY - 2018/2/10/entrez PY - 2018/2/10/pubmed PY - 2018/8/29/medline KW - beta-cell function KW - diabetes KW - diet KW - nutrition KW - vegan JF - Nutrients JO - Nutrients VL - 10 IS - 2 N2 - The aim of this study was to test the effect of a plant-based dietary intervention on beta-cell function in overweight adults with no history of diabetes. Participants (n = 75) were randomized to follow a low-fat plant-based diet (n = 38) or to make no diet changes (n = 37) for 16 weeks. At baseline and 16 weeks, beta-cell function was quantified with a mathematical model. Using a standard meal test, insulin secretory rate was calculated by C-peptide deconvolution. The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) index was used to assess insulin resistance while fasting. A marked increase in meal-stimulated insulin secretion was observed in the intervention group compared with controls (interaction between group and time, Gxt, p < 0.001). HOMA-IR index fell significantly (p < 0.001) in the intervention group (treatment effect -1.0 (95% CI, -1.2 to -0.8); Gxt, p = 0.004). Changes in HOMA-IR correlated positively with changes in body mass index (BMI) and visceral fat volume (r = 0.34; p = 0.009 and r = 0.42; p = 0.001, respectively). The latter remained significant after adjustment for changes in BMI (r = 0.41; p = 0.002). Changes in glucose-induced insulin secretion correlated negatively with BMI changes (r = -0.25; p = 0.04), but not with changes in visceral fat. Beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity were significantly improved through a low-fat plant-based diet in overweight adults. SN - 2072-6643 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/29425120/full_citation DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -
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