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Efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs in depression: A meta-analysis.
Transl Psychiatry. 2019 Aug 05; 9(1):190.TP

Abstract

We conducted this meta-analysis of double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trials to estimate the efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in the improvement of depression. We applied a systematic bibliographic search in PubMed and EMBASE for articles published prior to 20 December 2017. This meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and R 3.4.3, and means and standard deviations were calculated in fixed- or random-effects models based on the results of the Q-test. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to evaluate the stability of the results, and publication bias was evaluated by a funnel plot and Egger's linear regression analysis. Our search resulted in 180 articles; we analyzed 26 studies, which included 2160 participants. The meta-analysis showed an overall beneficial effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on depression symptoms (SMD = -0.28, P = 0.004). Compared with placebo, EPA-pure (=100% EPA) and EPA-major formulations (≥60% EPA) demonstrated clinical benefits with an EPA dosage ≤1 g/d (SMD = -0.50, P = 0.003, and SMD = -1.03, P = 0.03, respectively), whereas DHA-pure and DHA-major formulations did not exhibit such benefits.Current evidence supports the finding that omega-3 PUFAs with EPA ≥ 60% at a dosage of ≤1 g/d would have beneficial effects on depression. Further studies are warranted to examine supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs for specific subgroups of subjects with inflammation, severity of depression, and the dose response for both EPA and DHA supplementation.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Liao Y
Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Xie B
Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Zhang H
Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
He Q
Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Guo L
Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Subramanieapillai M
Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Fan B
Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China. fanbf@foxmail.com.
Lu C
Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. luciyong@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
McIntyre RS
Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

MeSH

Depressive DisorderDouble-Blind MethodFatty Acids, Omega-3HumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment Outcome

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

31383846

Citation

Liao, Yuhua, et al. "Efficacy of Omega-3 PUFAs in Depression: a Meta-analysis." Translational Psychiatry, vol. 9, no. 1, 2019, p. 190.
Liao Y, Xie B, Zhang H, et al. Efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs in depression: A meta-analysis. Transl Psychiatry. 2019;9(1):190.
Liao, Y., Xie, B., Zhang, H., He, Q., Guo, L., Subramanieapillai, M., Fan, B., Lu, C., & McIntyre, R. S. (2019). Efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs in depression: A meta-analysis. Translational Psychiatry, 9(1), 190. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-019-0515-5
Liao Y, et al. Efficacy of Omega-3 PUFAs in Depression: a Meta-analysis. Transl Psychiatry. 2019 Aug 5;9(1):190. PubMed PMID: 31383846.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs in depression: A meta-analysis. AU - Liao,Yuhua, AU - Xie,Bo, AU - Zhang,Huimin, AU - He,Qian, AU - Guo,Lan, AU - Subramanieapillai,Mehala, AU - Fan,Beifang, AU - Lu,Ciyong, AU - McIntyre,Roger S, Y1 - 2019/08/05/ PY - 2018/11/12/received PY - 2019/6/1/accepted PY - 2019/4/29/revised PY - 2019/8/7/entrez PY - 2019/8/7/pubmed PY - 2020/2/29/medline SP - 190 EP - 190 JF - Translational psychiatry JO - Transl Psychiatry VL - 9 IS - 1 N2 - We conducted this meta-analysis of double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trials to estimate the efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in the improvement of depression. We applied a systematic bibliographic search in PubMed and EMBASE for articles published prior to 20 December 2017. This meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and R 3.4.3, and means and standard deviations were calculated in fixed- or random-effects models based on the results of the Q-test. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to evaluate the stability of the results, and publication bias was evaluated by a funnel plot and Egger's linear regression analysis. Our search resulted in 180 articles; we analyzed 26 studies, which included 2160 participants. The meta-analysis showed an overall beneficial effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on depression symptoms (SMD = -0.28, P = 0.004). Compared with placebo, EPA-pure (=100% EPA) and EPA-major formulations (≥60% EPA) demonstrated clinical benefits with an EPA dosage ≤1 g/d (SMD = -0.50, P = 0.003, and SMD = -1.03, P = 0.03, respectively), whereas DHA-pure and DHA-major formulations did not exhibit such benefits.Current evidence supports the finding that omega-3 PUFAs with EPA ≥ 60% at a dosage of ≤1 g/d would have beneficial effects on depression. Further studies are warranted to examine supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs for specific subgroups of subjects with inflammation, severity of depression, and the dose response for both EPA and DHA supplementation. SN - 2158-3188 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/31383846/full_citation DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -
Grapherence [↓186 ↑54]

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