Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Lancet. 2020 Feb 08; 395(10222):450-462.Lct

Abstract

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), like other psychiatric disorders, represents an evolving construct that has been refined and developed over the past several decades in response to research into its clinical nature and structure. The clinical presentation and course of the disorder have been extensively characterised. Efficacious medication-based treatments are available and widely used, often alongside complementary psychosocial approaches. However, their effectiveness has been questioned because they might not address the broader clinical needs of many individuals with ADHD, especially over the longer term. Non-pharmacological approaches to treatment have proven less effective than previously thought, whereas scientific and clinical studies are starting to fundamentally challenge current conceptions of the causes of ADHD in ways that might have the potential to alter clinical approaches in the future. In view of this, we first provide an account of the diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment of ADHD from the perspective of both the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the eleventh edition of the International Classification of Diseases. Second, we review the progress in our understanding of the causes and pathophysiology of ADHD on the basis of science over the past decade or so. Finally, using these discoveries, we explore some of the key challenges to both the current models and the treatment of ADHD, and the ways in which these findings can promote new perspectives.

Links

PMC Free PDF

Authors+Show Affiliations

Posner J

Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: jonathan.posner@nyspi.columbia.edu.

Polanczyk GV

Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Sonuga-Barke E

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.

MeSH

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityCentral Nervous System StimulantsHumansPractice Guidelines as Topic

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

31982036

Clinical Trial Links

A Feasibility Study of AMOR; ADHD, Mothers Online Resources

Citation

Posner, Jonathan, et al. "Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Lancet (London, England), vol. 395, no. 10222, 2020, pp. 450-462.

Posner J, Polanczyk GV, Sonuga-Barke E. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Lancet. 2020;395(10222):450-462.

Posner, J., Polanczyk, G. V., & Sonuga-Barke, E. (2020). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Lancet (London, England), 395(10222), 450-462. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33004-1

Posner J, Polanczyk GV, Sonuga-Barke E. Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Lancet. 2020 Feb 8;395(10222):450-462. PubMed PMID: 31982036.

* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case

TY - JOUR T1 - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. AU - Posner,Jonathan, AU - Polanczyk,Guilherme V, AU - Sonuga-Barke,Edmund, Y1 - 2020/01/23/ PY - 2019/6/28/received PY - 2019/11/9/revised PY - 2019/11/12/accepted PY - 2020/1/27/pubmed PY - 2020/3/4/medline PY - 2020/1/27/entrez SP - 450 EP - 462 JF - Lancet (London, England) JO - Lancet VL - 395 IS - 10222 N2 - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), like other psychiatric disorders, represents an evolving construct that has been refined and developed over the past several decades in response to research into its clinical nature and structure. The clinical presentation and course of the disorder have been extensively characterised. Efficacious medication-based treatments are available and widely used, often alongside complementary psychosocial approaches. However, their effectiveness has been questioned because they might not address the broader clinical needs of many individuals with ADHD, especially over the longer term. Non-pharmacological approaches to treatment have proven less effective than previously thought, whereas scientific and clinical studies are starting to fundamentally challenge current conceptions of the causes of ADHD in ways that might have the potential to alter clinical approaches in the future. In view of this, we first provide an account of the diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment of ADHD from the perspective of both the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the eleventh edition of the International Classification of Diseases. Second, we review the progress in our understanding of the causes and pathophysiology of ADHD on the basis of science over the past decade or so. Finally, using these discoveries, we explore some of the key challenges to both the current models and the treatment of ADHD, and the ways in which these findings can promote new perspectives. SN - 1474-547X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/31982036/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -

Tags

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Lancet. 2020 Feb 08; 395(10222):450-462.Lct