Design of Antiacne Gel Containing Phloretin.Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2026 May 15. [Online ahead of print]AA
INTRODUCTION
Acne vulgaris is a common and complex skin condition characterised by excess oil production, blocked pores, and inflammatory lesions, such as papules and nodules. While hormonal factors and sebum overproduction are key contributors, the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus has also been recognised as a contributing pathogen. Phloretin, a flavonoid present in plants, like apples, is a promising new compound for acne treatment. Its potential rests in a variety of biological activities beyond merely acting as an antioxidant. Phloretin displays anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, which could directly target both the inflammatory response and the bacterial component of acne. These multiple mechanisms of action indicate that a phloretin-based gel could offer a comprehensive solution for managing the condition.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Antiacne gels containing varying concentrations of Carbopol and phloretin were prepared and evaluated. Key parameters included physical appearance, viscosity, pH, drug content, in vitro drug release, and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis.
RESULTS
The optimized hydrogel (F4) exhibited a pH of 6.68, viscosity of 35.9 cP, and drug content of 80.9%. In vitro release studies showed a maximum drug release of 75% over 120 minutes. The formulation displayed strong antimicrobial activity with an inhibition zone of 11 mm, comparable to the marketed benzoyl peroxide gel. The gel was also well tolerated, with no signs of skin irritancy.
DISCUSSION
Antiacne gel containing phloretin can be regarded as a more effective treatment for acne. The optimized formulation consisted of phloretin, Carbopol, ethanol, sodium benzoate, PEG 400, propylene glycol, and triethanolamine, showing better results in terms of antimicrobial activity.
CONCLUSION
Phloretin-based gel demonstrated promising antiacne potential, achieving effective drug release and significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, while maintaining acceptable physicochemical and dermatological properties.